cram-comb. form

Stress is often attracted to this combining form.

the verb or noun in combination.

1. [compare cram v. 2, cram n. 1.]

cram-cake n.

Brit.

/ˈkramkeɪk/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌkeɪk/

†(a) ? fried cake, pancake; (b) = cram n. 1 (dialect).

ΘΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > food eaten by birds > poultry food

gobbetc1384

shack1536

patoun1600

cram1614

chicken meat1684

soilinga1825

chicken feed1843

cram-cake1888

laying meal1908

laying mash1926

Tottenham Pudding1944

balancer meal1950

balancer mash1955

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxix. 2 Therf cramcakes wett with oyle [a1425 L.V. therf paast sodun in watir, bawmed, ether fried, with oile].

1483 Cath. Angl. 80/1 Cram kake, collirida, laganum.

1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Addit. Cram cake, a cake made of oatmeal or other coarse meal for feeding fowls.

† cram-maid n. Obsolete ? a woman who crams or fattens fowls, a poultry-woman.

1622 Althorp MS. in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons p. xxxi To the Cram maide.

1634 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons p. xiii, 4 Woodden platters for the cramaid.

† cram-paste n. Obsolete ? = cram-cake n.

c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 137 Placente sunt panes facti azima per quoddam artificium..angl. Cram~pastes.

2. [compare cram v. 6, cram n. 4.] (All colloquial)

cram-book n.

Brit.

/ˈkrambʊk/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌbʊk/

a book used for ‘cramming’ a subject.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > exercises or homework

lesson?c1225

renderc1380

vulgars1520

practicec1541

theme1545

example1562

tax1564

repetition1579

exercise1612

praxis1612

recreation1633

pensum1667

vacation-exercisea1668

version1711

task1737

thesisa1774

dictation1789

challenging1825

holiday task1827

devoir1849

homework1852

vulgus1857

cram-book1858

rep1858

banco1862

prep1866

classwork1867

preparation1875

work card1878

vacation-task1904

society > communication > book > kind of book > textbook or book of instructions > [noun] > school book

schoolbook1581

copybook1598

task-book1624

class book1788

cram-book1858

workbook1873

1858 Sat. Rev. 14 Aug. 150 Cramming, crammers, and cram-books, are the..fruits of this examination system..A cram-man is worthless enough..But a cram-boy is simply made less healthy and more conceited.

1890 E. R. Lankester Advancem. Sci. ii. 116 The drudgery of..popular lecturing and cram-book writing.

cram-boy n.

Brit.

/ˈkrambɔɪ/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌbɔɪ/

a boy who has been ‘crammed’ for an examination.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1858Cram-boy [see cram-book n.].

cram-coach n.

Brit.

/ˈkramkəʊtʃ/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌkoʊtʃ/

a tutor who ‘crams’ pupils for an examination.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > teaching > teacher > [noun] > professional teacher > crammer

feeder1766

puffer1786

crammer1814

grinder1814

cram1861

cram-coach1885

1885 M. Pattison Mem. 292 The successful cram-coach.

cram-man n.

Brit.

/ˈkramman/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌmæn/

cf. cram-boy n. above.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1858Cram-man [see cram-book n.].

Categories »

cram-paper n.

Brit.

/ˈkramˌpeɪpə/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌpeɪpər/

a paper of items to be ‘crammed’ for an examination.

cram-shop n.

Brit.

/ˈkramʃɒp/

U.S.

/ˈkræmˌʃɑp/

a school run by a crammer (sense 2a).

ΘΚΠ

society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > other types of school

writing schoola1475

rectory1536

spelling school1704

greycoat1706

rural school1734

Charter School1763

home school1770

Philanthropine1797

British school1819

side school1826

prep school1829

trade school1829

Progymnasium1833

finishing-school1836

field schoola1840

field school1846

prairie school1851

graded school1852

model school1854

Philanthropinum1856

stagiary school1861

grade school1869

middle school1870

language school1878

correspondence school1889

day continuation school1889

prep1891

Sunday school1901

farm school1903

weekend school1907

Charter School1912

folk high school1914

pre-kindergarten1922

Rabfak1924

cram-shop1926

free school1926

crammer1931

composite school1943

outward-bound1943

blackboard jungle1954

pathshala1956

Vo-Tech1956

St. Trinian's1958

juku1962

cadre school1966

telecentre1967

academy2000

academy school2000

1926 Contemp. Rev. Nov. 614 The school becomes that unholy thing, a cram-shop.

1946 J. Cary Moonlight 242 The young man..made Ella promise to play [the piano] with him every afternoon when he could escape from what he called his cram-shop.

cram-creating adj.

Brit.

/ˈkramkrɪˌeɪtɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈkræmkriˌeɪdɪŋ/

1888 Daily News 29 June 5/1 Partially to abolish the cram-creating system of payment by results.

Draft additions February 2005

cram school n.

Brit.

/ˈkram skuːl/

U.S.

/ˈkræm ˌskul/

a private institution specializing in preparing students for examinations; (in later use) spec. such an institution in East Asia (esp. Japan) or serving students of East Asian (esp. Japanese) descent; cf. juku n., crammer n. 2b.

1868 Times 14 Dec. 8/6 The naval authorities in issuing the lists of successful competitors for naval cadetships ticket those who come from the cram schools at Portsmouth and Southsea.

1960 N.Y. Times Mag. 5 June 21/4 In Japan, there are ‘cram schools’ which are designed to prepare students for college entrance exams. And there are waiting lines for the cram schools.

1999 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 14 Oct. 17/3 Suddenly, at the end of an educational rainbow built of cram schools and scant social life for teens, people [in Japan] have discovered there may not be a job at all.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cram-
释义	cram-comb. form Stress is often attracted to this combining form. the verb or noun in combination. 1. [compare cram v. 2, cram n. 1.] cram-cake n. Brit. /ˈkramkeɪk/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌkeɪk/ †(a) ? fried cake, pancake; (b) = cram n. 1 (dialect). ΘΠ the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > food eaten by birds > poultry food gobbetc1384 shack1536 patoun1600 cram1614 chicken meat1684 soilinga1825 chicken feed1843 cram-cake1888 laying meal1908 laying mash1926 Tottenham Pudding1944 balancer meal1950 balancer mash1955 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Exod. xxix. 2 Therf cramcakes wett with oyle [a1425 L.V. therf paast sodun in watir, bawmed, ether fried, with oile]. 1483 Cath. Angl. 80/1 Cram kake, collirida, laganum. 1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Addit. Cram cake, a cake made of oatmeal or other coarse meal for feeding fowls. † cram-maid n. Obsolete ? a woman who crams or fattens fowls, a poultry-woman. Π 1622 Althorp MS. in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons p. xxxi To the Cram maide. 1634 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons p. xiii, 4 Woodden platters for the cramaid. † cram-paste n. Obsolete ? = cram-cake n. Π c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 137 Placente sunt panes facti azima per quoddam artificium..angl. Cram~pastes. 2. [compare cram v. 6, cram n. 4.] (All colloquial) cram-book n. Brit. /ˈkrambʊk/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌbʊk/ a book used for ‘cramming’ a subject. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > exercises or homework lesson?c1225 renderc1380 vulgars1520 practicec1541 theme1545 example1562 tax1564 repetition1579 exercise1612 praxis1612 recreation1633 pensum1667 vacation-exercisea1668 version1711 task1737 thesisa1774 dictation1789 challenging1825 holiday task1827 devoir1849 homework1852 vulgus1857 cram-book1858 rep1858 banco1862 prep1866 classwork1867 preparation1875 work card1878 vacation-task1904 society > communication > book > kind of book > textbook or book of instructions > [noun] > school book schoolbook1581 copybook1598 task-book1624 class book1788 cram-book1858 workbook1873 1858 Sat. Rev. 14 Aug. 150 Cramming, crammers, and cram-books, are the..fruits of this examination system..A cram-man is worthless enough..But a cram-boy is simply made less healthy and more conceited. 1890 E. R. Lankester Advancem. Sci. ii. 116 The drudgery of..popular lecturing and cram-book writing. cram-boy n. Brit. /ˈkrambɔɪ/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌbɔɪ/ a boy who has been ‘crammed’ for an examination.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1858Cram-boy [see cram-book n.]. cram-coach n. Brit. /ˈkramkəʊtʃ/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌkoʊtʃ/ a tutor who ‘crams’ pupils for an examination. ΘΚΠ society > education > teaching > teacher > [noun] > professional teacher > crammer feeder1766 puffer1786 crammer1814 grinder1814 cram1861 cram-coach1885 1885 M. Pattison Mem. 292 The successful cram-coach. cram-man n. Brit. /ˈkramman/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌmæn/ cf. cram-boy n. above.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1858Cram-man [see cram-book n.]. Categories » cram-paper n. Brit. /ˈkramˌpeɪpə/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌpeɪpər/ a paper of items to be ‘crammed’ for an examination. cram-shop n. Brit. /ˈkramʃɒp/ , U.S. /ˈkræmˌʃɑp/ a school run by a crammer (sense 2a). ΘΚΠ society > education > place of education > school > [noun] > other types of school writing schoola1475 rectory1536 spelling school1704 greycoat1706 rural school1734 Charter School1763 home school1770 Philanthropine1797 British school1819 side school1826 prep school1829 trade school1829 Progymnasium1833 finishing-school1836 field schoola1840 field school1846 prairie school1851 graded school1852 model school1854 Philanthropinum1856 stagiary school1861 grade school1869 middle school1870 language school1878 correspondence school1889 day continuation school1889 prep1891 Sunday school1901 farm school1903 weekend school1907 Charter School1912 folk high school1914 pre-kindergarten1922 Rabfak1924 cram-shop1926 free school1926 crammer1931 composite school1943 outward-bound1943 blackboard jungle1954 pathshala1956 Vo-Tech1956 St. Trinian's1958 juku1962 cadre school1966 telecentre1967 academy2000 academy school2000 1926 Contemp. Rev. Nov. 614 The school becomes that unholy thing, a cram-shop. 1946 J. Cary Moonlight 242 The young man..made Ella promise to play [the piano] with him every afternoon when he could escape from what he called his cram-shop. 3. cram-creating adj. Brit. /ˈkramkrɪˌeɪtɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈkræmkriˌeɪdɪŋ/ Π 1888 Daily News 29 June 5/1 Partially to abolish the cram-creating system of payment by results. Draft additions February 2005 cram school n. Brit. /ˈkram skuːl/ , U.S. /ˈkræm ˌskul/ a private institution specializing in preparing students for examinations; (in later use) spec. such an institution in East Asia (esp. Japan) or serving students of East Asian (esp. Japanese) descent; cf. juku n., crammer n. 2b. Π 1868 Times 14 Dec. 8/6 The naval authorities in issuing the lists of successful competitors for naval cadetships ticket those who come from the cram schools at Portsmouth and Southsea. 1960 N.Y. Times Mag. 5 June 21/4 In Japan, there are ‘cram schools’ which are designed to prepare students for college entrance exams. And there are waiting lines for the cram schools. 1999 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 14 Oct. 17/3 Suddenly, at the end of an educational rainbow built of cram schools and scant social life for teens, people [in Japan] have discovered there may not be a job at all. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1382
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