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单词 create
释义

createadj.

Forms: Middle English–1600s creat, Middle English–1800s create; also Scottish pre-1700 creatt, pre-1700 criate.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin creātus, creāre.
Etymology: < classical Latin creātus, past participle of creāre create v. Compare discussion at create v. With use as adjective compare later created adj.
Obsolete.
That is or has been created (in various senses). archaic in later use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [adjective] > created or produced
wroughtOE
wroughtOE
producta1398
createa1425
generate?a1425
gendered1502
naturate1509
shaped1540
generated1552
ingeneratea1572
concepted1662
a1425 (?a1400) Cloud of Unknowing (Harl. 674) (1944) 22 (MED) He may haue sodenly..forȝeten alle create þing.
a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) l. 1726 (MED) So nothing els is oure digestion But of humour substancial a create perfeccion.
?1531 R. Whitford tr. Thomas à Kempis Folowynge of Cryste iii. xlvii. f. cxviv Holly auoyde thy herte fro all create loue.
1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus Praise of Folie sig. Mijv Whether it be..a create or an uncreate thyng.
1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 20 Any creat' Ens or Bonum.
1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iii. 30 The decree of God..cannot have [its effect] but by efficaciously applying the create wil to the predefinite act.
1710 J. Groome Dignity & Honour Clergy 144 Is it Create or Uncreate? If Created, then it must necessarily have a Creator.
1805 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Inferno I. iii. 7 Before me things create were none.
1830 J. Lawson Julian & Elphina 99 Where all that is, create or increate, Of bright and beautiful, of rich and rare, Compose a choir.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

createv.

Brit. /krɪˈeɪt/, U.S. /kriˈeɪt/
Forms: Middle English– create, 1500s criate (Scottish), 1500s–1600s creat. Past tense Middle English–1500s create, late Middle English (in a late copy)–1500s creat, late Middle English– created; also Scottish pre-1700 creat, pre-1700 creatt. Past participle Middle English–1600s creat, Middle English–1800s create, late Middle English createde, late Middle English– created; also Scottish pre-1700 creatt, pre-1700 criate.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin creāt-, creāre.
Etymology: < classical Latin creāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix3) of creāre to procreate, (of males) to beget, (of females) to give birth, (of God, Nature, etc.) to bring into being, to produce, to bring about, cause, to appoint. Compare Anglo-Norman creer , crier to create from nothing, to produce, make (12th cent. in Old French), to appoint or nominate (someone to a role, office, etc.) (early 14th cent.), and also Old Occitan criar , Catalan crear (14th cent.), Spanish criar (11th cent.; now only in spec. sense ‘to bring up, to raise’), crear (13th cent.), Portuguese criar (11th cent.), Italian creare (13th cent.). Compare create adj.In Middle English chiefly as past participle, usually in uninflected form, although sometimes with -ed . See quot. ?1457 at sense 2a for an isolated Middle English use of the present stem (as infinitive, in a periphrastic past construction with do v.). Uninflected past tense forms are found occasionally in Middle English (compare quot. ?a1475 at sense 2a), and past tense forms in -ed are found from the 16th cent. With sense 2d compare French créer un rôle , and also creation n. 1d.
1. Of a divine being or natural agency.
a. transitive. To bring into being, cause to exist; esp. to produce where nothing was before.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)]
creea1400
createc1405
naturate1576
to call into being (also existence)1668
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [verb (transitive)] > create
createc1405
naturate1576
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §144 Al be it so þt god hath creat [3 MSS. created] alle thynges in right ordre.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. l. 1730 (MED) Planetis..wern..Eternally yformed and creat.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 189 (MED) Poetes feyne hym [sc. Deucalion], with Pyrrha his wife, to haue create men of stones.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 133/2 [He] that had created alle the world.
1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) i. sig. Aiijv/1 The whyche creatour..fro the begynnynge of tyme creat..the creature..of no thynge, or of no matere precedent.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCiv He create & infuded that noble soule.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. i. A In ye begynnynge God created heauen & earth.
1562 T. Sternhold & J. Hopkins Quincunque Vult in Whole Bk. Psalms sig. B.iiiv Of none the Father is, ne made, ne creat, nor begot.
1576 T. Rogers Philos. Disc. Anat. Minde f. 72v They call it Naturatum naturantem, a Nature naturating, that is, creating all things.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream v. ii. 35 And the issue, there create, Euer shall be fortunate. View more context for this quotation
1611 Bible (King James) Psalms li. 10 Create in mee a cleane heart, O God. View more context for this quotation
1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 17 Wherefore did he creat passions within us?
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxxi. 190 To say the World was not Created..is to deny there is a God.
1668 T. Jordan Money is Asse 40 Instruct each other how our Parents did, when by their Amorous play we were create.
a1717 C. Daubuz Perpetual Comm. Revelation (1720) 589 I, who at first created all Things, can also make all Things new, being the Consummator and Perfecter.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 45/2 Stones..are created by Nature..of a liquid and fluxible substance.
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 78 God created other men to be the patriarchs of the Europeans, Africans, and Americans.
1862 F. M. Müller Sel. Ess. (1881) II. xx. 395 And the gods consulted a second time how to create beings that should adore them.
1892 Old & New Test. Student 15 211 Adam was created in the full possession of his powers so that he could freely choose between good and evil.
1934 M. T. King Mothercraft ix. 117 No amount of ‘humanising’ can ever produce a milk-mixture which is ‘as good as’ human milk, created by God for the individual baby.
1964 G. Vidal Julian (1965) v. 87 Some have asked: did we create these gods or did they create us?
1990 Health Shopper Apr. 10/4 Why would Nature create in us a demand for nutrients so excessive that we are relegated to pill popping to satisfy the requirement?
2004 J. Winkler Anthony of Padua 13 Manicheism..proclaimed that there were really two gods who created the universe, a good god and an evil god.
b. transitive with object complement.
ΚΠ
1581 T. Rogers tr. Pretious Bk. Heauenlie Medit. viii. 43 I confesse that creating mee a reasonable creature, thou didst create me after a sort as good as Angels.
1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xii. 207 God..created man good, howbeit chaungeably good; free from euill, howbeit so as he myght choose the euill.
1611 Bible (King James) Isa. lxv. 18 I create Ierusalem a reioycing, and her people a ioy. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 39 Are you a god? would you create me new? View more context for this quotation
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man i. 152 And what created, perfect?
1862 F. Hall tr. N. N. Gore Rational Refut. Hindu Philos. Syst. 143 God created man a moral creature.
1959 Times 10 Sept. 12/2 He ended with a tasteless pun to the effect that God created men equal and men would cremate them equal.
2004 New Republic (Nexis) 25 Oct. 13 ‘God created men free, and now they can freely choose their president,’ he said proudly.
c. intransitive, usually with object implied.
ΚΠ
1599 J. Davies Nosce Teipsum 29 To create, to God alone pertaines.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 606 To create Is greater then created to destroy. View more context for this quotation
1734 J. C. Mother's Catech. 8 Q. Can any create but God? A. No.
1794 T. Maurice Indian Antiq. IV. i. iii. 129 Those stupendous attributes which unequivically stamp Divinity on the possessor, viz. the power to create, to confound languages, to receive prayer, and to forgive sins.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xvii. 391 It is only for God to create without toil.
1968 Times 21 Nov. 11/3 Whoever has power to create and destroy has the right to decide what is right and wrong. God was once thought to have this power and therefore this right. Now it is scientists who have the right, because they have the power.
2000 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 6 Feb. 1 The play wrestles with the question of why a loving God would allow a plague like AIDS. It questions whether God ever had the ability to create.
2. Of a human agent.
a. transitive. With object complement indicating a rank, title, or status: to invest (a person) with a particular function or character, or with a title of nobility; (also) †to appoint or ordain (a priest) (obsolete).In quot. 1490 with a town as object.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > raising to noble rank > ennoble [verb (transitive)] > invest with rank or title
dubc1330
creea1400
create?1457
dignify1570
title1609
titulado1663
insignize1678
?1457 J. Hardyng Chron. (Lansd.) in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 235 (MED) His brother Vmfray next hym he dyd create The duke so than of Gloucestre by style.
?a1475 (?a1425) in tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. App. 492 The Lollardes and folowers of maister Iohn Wyclif were excite into soe grete presumpcion and boldenesse that theire prestes create oþer prestes after the consuetude of the gentyles.
1490 in W. Fraser Lennox (1874) II. 139 Forsamekle as we..made and creat the toun of Paslay a fre burgh in baronry.
1495 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1495 §8. m. 7 The kyngis grace..created hym duke.
?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 89 The Brittaines..abjecting the Romaine yoke, created him kinge.
?1563 in I. W. Archer et al. Relig., Politics, & Society in 16th-cent. Eng. (2003) 86 On St. Stephen's day the L. Ambrose Dudley was created at W. by the quene.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 347 During the which [Parliament] he created two Dukes, a Marques and fiue Erles.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) v. vi. 20 Arise my Knights o' th' Battell, I create you Companions to our person. View more context for this quotation
1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. i. 70 The Ephori were first created about the sixt Olympiad.
c1670 A. Wood Life (1848) 51 He was..created bach. of arts.
1705 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 22 Nov. (O.H.S.) I. 92 The Duke of Argyle is to be created a Peer of this Realme.
1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. III. 374 Edward Hyde..was now created a peer by the title of lord Clarendon.
a1818 J. Cobb Siege Belgrade (1828) i. i. 10 Now you shall see how his highness is pleased to honour me. I shall certainly be created a pacha of three tails.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §8. 103 Opposition came from the very prelate whom Henry had created to enforce his will.
1933 Times 25 Jan. 13/5 The Duke then read a declaration creating her a freeman..and gave her the certificate of the company.
1967 Econ. Hist. Rev. 20 556 His descendant, the fourth lord, was created earl of Kent by Edward IV in 1465.
2000 Saga Mag. Feb. 86/2 Like all State Visitors he got the full works, and the Queen created him a Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath.
b. transitive. To make, form, set up, or bring into existence (something which has not existed before); to produce (a work of imagination or invention; an artefact).In early use frequently: to bring into legal or official existence.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > rule of law > [verb (transitive)] > establish legally
i-lahie1014
createa1475
constitute1638
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > imagine or visualize [verb (transitive)]
seeOE
thinkOE
bethinkc1175
devise1340
portraya1375
imagec1390
dreama1393
supposea1393
imaginea1398
conceive?a1425
fantasyc1430
purposea1513
to frame to oneselfa1529
'magine1530
imaginate1541
fancy1551
surmit?1577
surmise1586
conceit?1589
propose1594
ideate1610
project1612
figurea1616
forma1616
to call up1622
propound1634
edify1645
picture1668
create1679
fancify1748
depicture1775
vision1796
to conjure up1819
conjure1820
envisage1836
to dream up1837
visualize1863
envision1921
pre-visualize1969
a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 143 Whan such a counsell is ffully create and estableshed, hit shalbe gode þat all supplicacions..be sende to þe same counsell.
1540 R. Taverner Princ. Lawes Customes & Estatutes Eng. f. 55 Here had bene created a new tenure betwene the feffoure and the feffee.
1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §46 D A constitutiue Instrument creating..whereby any estate, propertie, power or obligation, not hauing any essence or being before, is newely raysed and created.
1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 281 With power to create a Manor, and hold a Court Baron.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. iii. 189 Your eye..would create Soldiours, make our women fight, To doffe their dire distresses. View more context for this quotation
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §102 The Sound is not created between the Bow or Plectrum, and the String; But between the String and the Aire.
1679 J. Dryden Troilus & Cressida Prol. sig. b4 I found not, but created first the Stage.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 131 Thus make they Kings to fill the Regal Seat; And thus their little Citizens create . View more context for this quotation
1746 J. Lockman To 1st Promoter Cambrick & Tea-bills 24 Whence no supplies their imports cou'd create.
1781 G. Selwyn Let. 27 Dec. in 15th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1897) LXII. 553 It would not have entered the head of such farceurs..to suppose he could create a bouleversement d'état.
1798 S. Higginson Let. 13 Dec. in G. Gibbs Mem. Admin. Washington & J. Adams (1846) II. ii. 177 The idea of a permanent loan, of creating a standing national debt, will raise the opposition within doors.
1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 442 The word heirs is not necessary to create an estate in fee-simple.
1823 J. Rutter Delineations of Fonthill 81 That brilliant and excursive genius which created the design.
1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 225 It is always necessary, before lighting the fire in the stove, to create a draught by heating the chimney.
1883 Proc. 31st Meeting Amer. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 424 When Cuvier and the immortal Lamarck reformed the classification and for the first time created a science of Malacology, opposition was decided and long continued.
1937 J. C. Powys Maiden Castle ii. iii. 108 His mind went faster still..creating and destroying one landscape after another.
1954 W. Lednicki Russia, Poland, & West iii. i. 134 Dostoevsky's admirable ability to create various independent characters..produces the impression of a polyphony.
2006 N. Devon Jrnl. (Nexis) 28 Dec. 23 We used kitchen roll tubes, wobbly eyes, furry fabric, a red serviette and double-sided sticky tape..to create Father Christmases with which to decorate the dining table.
c. intransitive. To produce or do something imaginative or inventive.
ΚΠ
1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. i. i. 5 To work originally, and in a manner create each time anew, must be a matter of pressing weight, and fitted to..none but the choicest Workmen.
1764 S. Foote Patron i. 3 He has neither genius to create, judgment to distinguish, or generosity to reward.
1775 R. B. Sheridan Rivals Pref. The imagination..becomes suspicious of its offspring, and doubts whether it has created or adopted.
1831 D. Brewster Life I. Newton xix. 330 The inspired genius which creates.
1841 R. W. Emerson Ess. 1st Ser. xii. 299 Art is the need to create; but in its essence..it is impatient of working with lame or tied hands.
1852 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xii. 147 The mason makes, the architect creates.
1916 F. J. Mather Estimates in Art 142 If we stop with the mere analysis of his technic, we fail to explain why he ever undertook to create.
1997 Times (Nexis) 17 July The urge to create is intricately entwined with the will to destroy... Many of our most powerful artists did not so much develop and perfect the styles and techniques of their predecessors, as shatter them.
d. transitive. Of an actor: to be the first to represent (a part or role), and so to give it its character.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > acting > act [verb (transitive)] > a part or character > as first performer of
create1848
1848 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Feb. 185 La Truffi has taken the town by storm in the part of Borgia: her acting is incomparable..and not inferior to the great French actress, Mlle. George, who created the part.
1867 Times 21 Aug. 9/1 We have seen the scene more vehemently played, but never, not even by the great actress who created the part, more earnestly and exquisitely.
1882 R. L. Stevenson New Arabian Nights II. 212 I have created..more than one important rôle.
1900 T. E. Pemberton Kendals 48 She had the opportunity of ‘creating’ two new parts.
1989 New Yorker 11 Dec. 132/2 Callas, the biggest star of recent years, ‘created’ only one role, and that was Eurydice.
e. transitive. To design (a costume, a clothing collection, etc.): see creation n. 1c. Also: to design and execute a scheme of interior decoration for (a room).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > other
fur13..
buttonc1380
lashc1440
pointa1470
set1530
tuft1535
vent1547
ruff1548
spangle1548
string1548
superbody1552
to pull out1553
quilt1555
flute1578
seam1590
seed1604
overtrim1622
ruffle1625
tag1627
furbelow1701
tuck1709
flounce1711
pipe1841
skirt1848
ruche1855
pouch1897
panel1901
stag1902
create1908
pin-fit1926
ease1932
pre-board1940
post-board1963
society > occupation and work > industry > decorating and painting > decorate [verb (transitive)] > design decoration
create1908
1908 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald 30 Aug. 18/6 ‘A white rose reflected in a mirror of moonlight.’.. It is from this description of Wilde's that she created her costume.
1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps vii. 178 If ever I..had a house of my own, I would create just such a room.
1930 Daily Tel. 7 Apr. 7/7 A brown mixture tweed suit..created by Schiaparelli.
1957 New Yorker 5 Oct. 33/3 The interior-decorating firm that created the foyer.
2008 Sunday Times (Nexis) 10 Feb. 9 London fashion week kicks off today, with chain retailers cherry-picking some of the best new British designers to create collections for their stores.
f. intransitive. colloquial. To make a fuss, grumble, complain; (also occasionally) to shout. Also with about, at.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > state of complaining > complain [verb (intransitive)]
murkeOE
misspeakOE
yomer971
chidea1000
murkenOE
grutch?c1225
mean?a1300
hum13..
plainta1325
gruntc1325
plainc1325
musea1382
murmurc1390
complain1393
contrary1393
flitec1400
pinea1425
grummec1430
aggrudge1440
hoinec1440
mutterc1450
grudge1461
channerc1480
grunch1487
repine1529
storm?1553
expostulate1561
grumblea1586
gruntle1591
chunter1599
swagger1599
maunder1622
orp1634
objurgate1642
pitter1672
yelp1706
yammer1794
natter1804
murgeon1808
groan1816
squawk1875
jower1879
grouse1887
beef1888
to whip the cat1892
holler1904
yip1907
peeve1912
grouch1916
nark1916
to sound off1918
create1919
moana1922
crib1925
tick1925
bitch1930
gripe1932
bind1942
drip1942
kvetchc1950
to rag on1979
wrinch2011
1919 Athenæum 8 Aug. 729/1Creating’ is presumably an abbreviation of ‘creating (or making) a fuss’.
1932 S. Gibbons Cold Comfort Farm xviii. 250 Create! I thought 'e'd 'ave to be picked off the ceiling.
1932 S. Gibbons Cold Comfort Farm xviii. 251 'E always creates at me something awful when I've finished telling 'im anything spiteful.
1955 ‘E. C. R. Lorac’ Ask Policeman viii. 92 The old lady came and created about her nephew living here.
1959 M. Hastings Hour-glass to Eternity i. iii. 87 What does he do but come aboard and start creating about the loss of time!
1987 M. Nabb Marshal & Murderer v. 82 She used to be shouting and creating until all hours.
3. transitive. To cause, occasion, produce, or give rise naturally to (a condition or set of circumstances).
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)]
wieldeOE
timberc897
letc900
rearOE
doOE
i-wendeOE
workOE
makeOE
bringc1175
raisec1175
shapec1315
to owe (also have) a wold (also on wield)a1325
procurec1330
purchasec1330
causec1340
conform1377
performa1382
excite1398
induce1413
occasionate?c1450
occasionc1454
to bring about1480
gara1500
to bring to passc1513
encause1527
to work out1534
inferc1540
excitate?1549
import1550
ycause1563
frame1576
effect1581
to bring in1584
effectuatea1586
apport?1591
introduce1605
create1607
generate1607
cast1633
efficiate1639
conciliate1646
impetrate1647
state1654
accompass1668
to bring to bear1668
to bring on1671
effectivate1717
makee1719
superinduce1837
birth1913
1607 J. Marston What you Will i. i. sig. B2v Diuerse cates the pallats scence delight And with fresh tast creates new appetite.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. i. 244 O Ceremonie..Art thou ought else but Place, Degree, and Forme, Creating awe and feare in other men? View more context for this quotation
1670 H. Stubbe Plus Ultra 150 The reflexion of the glasses..did create a corona of several colours.
1709 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1886) II. 185 'Tis only fit to create Mirth.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide ii. lxiii. 259 A mishapen or rusty Bit..will create those sort of Ulcers the Farriers call cankers.
1773 J. Wedgwood Let. 19 Dec. in Sel. Lett. (1965) 157 These all-sufficient Men create one a vast deal of plague and trouble.
1855 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Philip II I. ii. vi. 401 Long before that time, the project had taken wind, and created a general sensation through the country.
1873 W. Black Princess of Thule xii. 190 She failed to create any profound impression.
1976 Ilkeston Advertiser 10 Dec. 1/4 Our conclusion is that to allow parking on South Street..would create more problems than it would solve.
1995 Virginia Gaz. 18 Jan. a11/1 The highway department has no incentive to give people heads-up about something that might create a backlash.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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