abusiveadj.

Brit.

/əˈbjuːsɪv/,

/əˈbjuːzɪv/, U.S.

/əˈbjusɪv/,

/əˈbjuzɪv/

Forms: 1500s–1600s abusiue, 1500s– abusive.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French abusif; Latin abusivus.

Etymology: < Middle French abusif (French abusif ) involving abuse, contrary to rules or laws (c1290 in Old French), illegitimate (a1392), deceitful (1482; 1680 in sense ‘involving misuse of a word’) and its etymon post-classical Latin abusivus wrongly used, improper (5th cent.), (of a person) badly behaved (7th cent.), (of behaviour) wrongful, wrong (from 12th cent. in British sources), insulting (13th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin abūs- , past participial stem of abūtī abuse v. + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare classical Latin abūsīvē catachrestically, loosely. Slightly earlier currency is perhaps implied by quot. 1531 at abusively adv. 1.Compare the following use of post-classical Latin abusiva (neuter plural) abuses, malpractices (use as noun of post-classical Latin abusivus: see above) in an English context:OE Ælfric Homily: De Duodecim Abusivis (Corpus Cambr. 178) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 299 Nu synd twelf abusiua, þæt synd twelf unþeawas þa we eow secgað on leden, & syððan on englisc.

a. Wrongly used, misapplied; improper; perverse; erroneous. Also in Rhetoric: catachrestic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > [adjective] > in application of words

abusive1561

catachrestical1609

catachrestic1656

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iii. xxii. f. 246 Although it be an abusiue speche by figure, yet it hath no doutefull meanyng.

1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. vi. 253 You are driven to seek a silly shadow for it [sc. sacrificial power] in the abusive acception and sounding of the English word ‘priest.’

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxii. 48 Notwithstanding this abusive custome..loyaltie in married women is highly regarded.

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 89 Therefore it is sinfull to prefer before it an abusive sence, wherein Scripture never useth the word.

1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks II. v. 193 [Thou] didst mock Heaven's Countenance, and in abusive Likeness of the Immortals mad'st the Compound Man.

1796 Coll. State Papers War against France III. ii. 307 Terms which, by their too general acceptation, may lead to abusive interpretation.

1817 Literary Panorama Apr. 613 Nothing can be more contrary to his intentions..than the abusive sense of the term.

1876 Pop Sci. Monthly Oct. 706 If some men make an abusive use of food, we are not therefore to conclude that the proper course is to abstain altogether from food.

1915 E. M. Borchard Diplomatic Protection Citizens Abroad ix. 346 A corrective against the excessive or abusive application of the territorial jurisdiction.

1943 J. L. Brierly Eng. Law 39 It is for Parliament to re-define them [sc. individual rights] in terms which will prevent their abusive use.

1955 Proc. Aristotelian Soc. 55 280 There is nothing perverse or abusive in stretching old words to fit new situations.

2010 L. G. Cochrane tr. H. Touati Islam & Trav. in Middle Ages i. 29 The..parties..made such an abusive use of traditions that the more scrupulous among the doctors became aware of the danger that Tradition would be perverted.

b. spec. Involving or relating to the abuse of a drug or other substance; excessive, harmful. Also (of a drug): capable of creating addiction or dependence. Cf. abuse n. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [adjective] > relating to powers or effects of drugs > addictive

addictive1891

abusive1892

addicting1931

1892 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 21 332 The bulk of the medical evidence goes to support the verdict that it [sc. opium] is not more injurious than the moderate use of alcohol, and that even its abusive use is less destructive to the victim and his friends than intemperance.

1900 Health July 73/2 Abusive use of alcohol, tobacco or coffee, causes this sickness.

1918 Amer. Med. Mar. 127/1 Physiology, sociology, economics, pathology and medicine have pointed out with scientific exactness the inherent hazards arising from the abusive consumption of alcohol.

1972 Titusville (Pa.) Herald 10 June 2/7 Another theory is that they were in his possession long before abusive drugs were outlawed.

1985 S. Cohen Substance Abuse Probl. II. v. xxxviii. 219 The abusive consumption of drugs usually begins during adolescence or young adulthood.

1994 G. D. Walters Escaping Journey to Nowhere vii. 92 Their abusive relationship with drugs.

2010 M. R. Nelson Rolling Stones vii. 100 Because of his continued faithfulness to his wife, there was also a belief that he was not involved with abusive substances.

2. Full of abuses; corrupt.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt

foul-stinkingOE

unwholesomec1374

corruptc1380

rotten1395

infecta1398

unsound?a1400

rotten-heartedc1405

infectedc1449

fly-blown1528

reprobate1531

corrupped1533

corrupted1563

poisoned1567

abusive?1585

debauched1598

deboshedc1598

deboist1604

debauchc1616

deboise1632

scrofulous1842

?1585 E. Aggas tr. E. de L'Allouette Catholicke Apologie ii. f. 86 The said Counsaile permitteth and decreeth monitions and excommunications.., whereby the same haue bene condemned and declared to be abusiue.

1589 T. Nashe Anat. Absurditie sig. Ai The abusiue enormities of these our times.

1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iv. 281 If our Lawyers will In their abusive wayes continue still.

1646 R. Overton Remonstr. of Many Thousand Citizens Thomason Tracts CCCXLIII. No. 11. 15 The Norman way for ending of Controversies, was much more abusive then the English way.

1764 J. Otis Rights Brit. Colonies 56 One, who was expelled the house..for the abusive misrepresentations of the province, by him secretly made.

1780 E. Burke Speech Oeconomical Reformation 36 First..is the royal household. This establishment, in my opinion, is exceedingly abusive in its constitution.

1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iv. 411 The determination of Leo to persevere in defending all the abusive prerogatives of his see.

1871 W. N. Hancock Law Poor Removals & Chargeability 7 An abusive practice, undoubtedly, but such a one as was not likely to occasion any general oppression.

1901 E. P. Cheyney Intr. to Industr. & Social Hist. of England. vi. 139 Several laws were passed..abolishing a number of petty evils and abusive practices in the church courts.

2000 J. Bovard Freedom in Chains iv. 135 Democracy..is often a transition from one abusive, corrupt party to another inept, corrupt party.

†3. Deceitful, fraudulent; deluding. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > [adjective]

ficklea1000

hinderyeapc1000

swikelc1000

as right (also stiff, straight, crooked, etc.) as a ram's hornOE

fakenOE

swikefulc1100

frakelc1175

swikec1175

wrenchfulc1225

wielfulc1275

ginfulc1300

guileful13..

treacherousc1330

guilesomea1382

guilousc1384

enginousa1393

deceivant1393

treacherc1400

serpentinec1422

deceivousa1425

guilyc1430

beguilous1483

slapea1500

fallacious1509

treget1519

gaudya1529

beguileful1530

Spanish1530

juggling?1531

snakish1532

prestigious?1534

knack-hardy1549

pratting1570

fogging1585

snakya1586

abusive1595

faithless1597

faiterous1600

guiled1600

trompant1605

amusing1609

braida1616

dodging1625

Ulyssean1639

tricksome1648

knackish1660

hocus-pocus1668

bubbling1675

rusé1689

tricking1697

trickish1705

lurching1728

tricksy1766

trickful1775

tricky1786

slippy1828

shirky1847

dodgy1861

sidewinding1902

slithery1902

hyping1968

deceiteous-

1595 A. Munday tr. First Bk. Primaleon xxiii. 194 Some dreame, which..men accompt but false, and abusiue imaginations.

1624 F. Bacon Considerations War with Spain in Wks. (1740) III. 515 Whatsoever is gained by an abusive treaty, ought to be restored in integrum.

1654 T. Hall Vindiciæ Literarum ii. 31 The Apostle doth not..condemn all Philosophy, but onely abusive Philosophy, such as spoiles and corrupts the soule with its delusions.

1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 457 How could Men be brought to surrender up their Reason, their Interest, and their Credit to Flattery? Gross, fulsom, abusive Flattery.

4. That mistreats (a person or thing); characterized by ill-use or mistreatment; injurious, damaging, harmful; (in later use esp. physically, emotionally, or sexually).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [adjective]

abusing1586

abusive1597

1597 G. Harvey Trimming T. Nashe sig. B4^v A man might as well learne to liue well of his ill-willing & abusiue enemies, as of his honest frends.

1652 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (ed. 2) vii. 276 Most are abusive in their desires after, and use of the creature.

1669 W. Penn No Cross, No Crown xiv. §8, in Wks. (1726) I. 351 The Fashions and Recreations now in Repute are very abusive of the End of Man's Creation.

1736 W. Musgrave tr. F. Locatelli Lanzi Lett. Moscovites xi. 179 I chose rather to continue in my Prison, than to be thus exposed to the abusive Treatment of my Guard, who had not the least Regard for me.

1792 C. Pigott Jockey Club (ed. 2) iii. 136 Prodigal and abusive of the national purse as he has been on various, unnecessary occasions.

1827 J. Sanderson Biogr. Signers Declar. Independence II. 247 The inhabitants..had been fully sensible of the evil disposition and abusive behaviour of many of the soldiers towards them.

1861 Corr. respecting Affairs in China 1859–60 249 The Chinese Government is responsible for any abusive act they may commit in the discharge of their duties.

1909 M. Phillips Colonial Autocracy 23 The latter dealt in detail with the Governor's harsh, arbitrary and abusive behaviour towards the military.

1989 S. Peele Diseasing of Amer. viii. 217 Masochistic personality (typical of women who stay in abusive relationships).

2008 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Feb. 178/3 Restraining orders that could be issued against abusive men and sexual predators.

5. That employs or contains bad language; insulting, scurrilous.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > insult > [adjective]

despitousa1340

despiteous14..

despitefula1450

contumelious1483

affrontous1598

opprobrious1599

disgraceful1605

abusive1608

reproofful1609

affrontive1659

affronting1725

affrontful?1740

insulting1855

insultant1866

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [adjective]

opprobriousc1410

invective1430

railinga1470

shameful?a1513

convicious1530

reviling1534

inveighing1568

abusing1586

vituperatory1586

vituperous1588

vituperious1604

abusive1608

invectory1608

conviciatory1611

abuseful1612

conviciating1628

vituperative1727

vituperatious1797

slangwhanging1809

opprobratory1833

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [adjective]

horyc1000

missayingc1330

slandering1402

disclanderous1421

maligningc1425

defamatoryc1485

calumnious1490

defamative1502

slanderous?1521

infaming1535

obtractuous1537

defaminga1550

defamous1557

black-mouthed1560

sycophanticala1566

malignious1578

libelling1587

blasting1591

maledicent1599

traducing1601

black-throated1604

blasphemous1605

depraving1606

abusive1608

calumniating1609

obloquious1611

vilifying1611

infamatory1612

calumniatory1625

aspersionating1639

aspersive1642

scandalizing1646

reflexive1654

unworthying1654

reflecting1656

reflective1664

slanderful1669

aspersing1673

reflectious1715

traducent1736

obloquial1790

sycophantic1801

wronging1845

trash-talking1975

1608 E. Grimeston tr. J. F. Le Petit Gen. Hist. Netherlands i. 24 By these abusiue and slanderous suggestions, he did secretly obtayne letters of a reiterated donation from the said Henry the fourth.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xxxix. 78 Some yeers since, ther was a very abusive Satyre in Vers brought to our King.

1709 A. Pope Chaucer's January & May in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. 181 Abusive Nabal ow'd his forfeit Life To the wise Conduct of a prudent Wife.

1710 in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1751) III. 1 The Subject is nice, the Age abusive, the Town full of Observers and Reviewers.

1778 F. Burney Evelina I. i. 2 Her letter is violent, sometimes abusive.

1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 340 This letter produced an abusive, vulgar, and ungentlemanly answer.

1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. xv. 136 You're a scolding, unjust, abusive, aggravating, bad old creature!

1930 Bulletin (Sydney) 9 July 28 We can't have the public's mind polluted by abusive language.

1962 N. Coward Diary 9 July (2000) 509 He..wrote an abusive letter to poor Lornie saying it was an affront to his reputation as a writer!

1997 Independent 2 June 3/7 More than half those surveyed in companies of all sizes had received abusive or insulting internal e-mail.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abusive
释义	abusiveadj. Brit. /əˈbjuːsɪv/, /əˈbjuːzɪv/, U.S. /əˈbjusɪv/, /əˈbjuzɪv/ Forms: 1500s–1600s abusiue, 1500s– abusive. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French abusif; Latin abusivus. Etymology: < Middle French abusif (French abusif ) involving abuse, contrary to rules or laws (c1290 in Old French), illegitimate (a1392), deceitful (1482; 1680 in sense ‘involving misuse of a word’) and its etymon post-classical Latin abusivus wrongly used, improper (5th cent.), (of a person) badly behaved (7th cent.), (of behaviour) wrongful, wrong (from 12th cent. in British sources), insulting (13th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin abūs- , past participial stem of abūtī abuse v. + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare classical Latin abūsīvē catachrestically, loosely. Slightly earlier currency is perhaps implied by quot. 1531 at abusively adv. 1.Compare the following use of post-classical Latin abusiva (neuter plural) abuses, malpractices (use as noun of post-classical Latin abusivus: see above) in an English context:OE Ælfric Homily: De Duodecim Abusivis (Corpus Cambr. 178) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 299 Nu synd twelf abusiua, þæt synd twelf unþeawas þa we eow secgað on leden, & syððan on englisc. 1. a. Wrongly used, misapplied; improper; perverse; erroneous. Also in Rhetoric: catachrestic. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > inaccuracy, inexactness > incorrectness of language > [adjective] > in application of words abusive1561 catachrestical1609 catachrestic1656 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iii. xxii. f. 246 Although it be an abusiue speche by figure, yet it hath no doutefull meanyng. 1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. vi. 253 You are driven to seek a silly shadow for it [sc. sacrificial power] in the abusive acception and sounding of the English word ‘priest.’ 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xxii. 48 Notwithstanding this abusive custome..loyaltie in married women is highly regarded. 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 89 Therefore it is sinfull to prefer before it an abusive sence, wherein Scripture never useth the word. 1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks II. v. 193 [Thou] didst mock Heaven's Countenance, and in abusive Likeness of the Immortals mad'st the Compound Man. 1796 Coll. State Papers War against France III. ii. 307 Terms which, by their too general acceptation, may lead to abusive interpretation. 1817 Literary Panorama Apr. 613 Nothing can be more contrary to his intentions..than the abusive sense of the term. 1876 Pop Sci. Monthly Oct. 706 If some men make an abusive use of food, we are not therefore to conclude that the proper course is to abstain altogether from food. 1915 E. M. Borchard Diplomatic Protection Citizens Abroad ix. 346 A corrective against the excessive or abusive application of the territorial jurisdiction. 1943 J. L. Brierly Eng. Law 39 It is for Parliament to re-define them [sc. individual rights] in terms which will prevent their abusive use. 1955 Proc. Aristotelian Soc. 55 280 There is nothing perverse or abusive in stretching old words to fit new situations. 2010 L. G. Cochrane tr. H. Touati Islam & Trav. in Middle Ages i. 29 The..parties..made such an abusive use of traditions that the more scrupulous among the doctors became aware of the danger that Tradition would be perverted. b. spec. Involving or relating to the abuse of a drug or other substance; excessive, harmful. Also (of a drug): capable of creating addiction or dependence. Cf. abuse n. 2c. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [adjective] > relating to powers or effects of drugs > addictive addictive1891 abusive1892 addicting1931 1892 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 21 332 The bulk of the medical evidence goes to support the verdict that it [sc. opium] is not more injurious than the moderate use of alcohol, and that even its abusive use is less destructive to the victim and his friends than intemperance. 1900 Health July 73/2 Abusive use of alcohol, tobacco or coffee, causes this sickness. 1918 Amer. Med. Mar. 127/1 Physiology, sociology, economics, pathology and medicine have pointed out with scientific exactness the inherent hazards arising from the abusive consumption of alcohol. 1972 Titusville (Pa.) Herald 10 June 2/7 Another theory is that they were in his possession long before abusive drugs were outlawed. 1985 S. Cohen Substance Abuse Probl. II. v. xxxviii. 219 The abusive consumption of drugs usually begins during adolescence or young adulthood. 1994 G. D. Walters Escaping Journey to Nowhere vii. 92 Their abusive relationship with drugs. 2010 M. R. Nelson Rolling Stones vii. 100 Because of his continued faithfulness to his wife, there was also a belief that he was not involved with abusive substances. 2. Full of abuses; corrupt. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt foul-stinkingOE unwholesomec1374 corruptc1380 rotten1395 infecta1398 unsound?a1400 rotten-heartedc1405 infectedc1449 fly-blown1528 reprobate1531 corrupped1533 corrupted1563 poisoned1567 abusive?1585 debauched1598 deboshedc1598 deboist1604 debauchc1616 deboise1632 scrofulous1842 ?1585 E. Aggas tr. E. de L'Allouette Catholicke Apologie ii. f. 86 The said Counsaile permitteth and decreeth monitions and excommunications.., whereby the same haue bene condemned and declared to be abusiue. 1589 T. Nashe Anat. Absurditie sig. Ai The abusiue enormities of these our times. 1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iv. 281 If our Lawyers will In their abusive wayes continue still. 1646 R. Overton Remonstr. of Many Thousand Citizens Thomason Tracts CCCXLIII. No. 11. 15 The Norman way for ending of Controversies, was much more abusive then the English way. 1764 J. Otis Rights Brit. Colonies 56 One, who was expelled the house..for the abusive misrepresentations of the province, by him secretly made. 1780 E. Burke Speech Oeconomical Reformation 36 First..is the royal household. This establishment, in my opinion, is exceedingly abusive in its constitution. 1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iv. 411 The determination of Leo to persevere in defending all the abusive prerogatives of his see. 1871 W. N. Hancock Law Poor Removals & Chargeability 7 An abusive practice, undoubtedly, but such a one as was not likely to occasion any general oppression. 1901 E. P. Cheyney Intr. to Industr. & Social Hist. of England. vi. 139 Several laws were passed..abolishing a number of petty evils and abusive practices in the church courts. 2000 J. Bovard Freedom in Chains iv. 135 Democracy..is often a transition from one abusive, corrupt party to another inept, corrupt party. †3. Deceitful, fraudulent; deluding. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > [adjective] ficklea1000 hinderyeapc1000 swikelc1000 as right (also stiff, straight, crooked, etc.) as a ram's hornOE fakenOE swikefulc1100 frakelc1175 swikec1175 wrenchfulc1225 wielfulc1275 ginfulc1300 guileful13.. treacherousc1330 guilesomea1382 guilousc1384 enginousa1393 deceivant1393 treacherc1400 serpentinec1422 deceivousa1425 guilyc1430 beguilous1483 slapea1500 fallacious1509 treget1519 gaudya1529 beguileful1530 Spanish1530 juggling?1531 snakish1532 prestigious?1534 knack-hardy1549 pratting1570 fogging1585 snakya1586 abusive1595 faithless1597 faiterous1600 guiled1600 trompant1605 amusing1609 braida1616 dodging1625 Ulyssean1639 tricksome1648 knackish1660 hocus-pocus1668 bubbling1675 rusé1689 tricking1697 trickish1705 lurching1728 tricksy1766 trickful1775 tricky1786 slippy1828 shirky1847 dodgy1861 sidewinding1902 slithery1902 hyping1968 deceiteous- 1595 A. Munday tr. First Bk. Primaleon xxiii. 194 Some dreame, which..men accompt but false, and abusiue imaginations. 1624 F. Bacon Considerations War with Spain in Wks. (1740) III. 515 Whatsoever is gained by an abusive treaty, ought to be restored in integrum. 1654 T. Hall Vindiciæ Literarum ii. 31 The Apostle doth not..condemn all Philosophy, but onely abusive Philosophy, such as spoiles and corrupts the soule with its delusions. 1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 457 How could Men be brought to surrender up their Reason, their Interest, and their Credit to Flattery? Gross, fulsom, abusive Flattery. 4. That mistreats (a person or thing); characterized by ill-use or mistreatment; injurious, damaging, harmful; (in later use esp. physically, emotionally, or sexually). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > misuse > [adjective] abusing1586 abusive1597 1597 G. Harvey Trimming T. Nashe sig. B4^v A man might as well learne to liue well of his ill-willing & abusiue enemies, as of his honest frends. 1652 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (ed. 2) vii. 276 Most are abusive in their desires after, and use of the creature. 1669 W. Penn No Cross, No Crown xiv. §8, in Wks. (1726) I. 351 The Fashions and Recreations now in Repute are very abusive of the End of Man's Creation. 1736 W. Musgrave tr. F. Locatelli Lanzi Lett. Moscovites xi. 179 I chose rather to continue in my Prison, than to be thus exposed to the abusive Treatment of my Guard, who had not the least Regard for me. 1792 C. Pigott Jockey Club (ed. 2) iii. 136 Prodigal and abusive of the national purse as he has been on various, unnecessary occasions. 1827 J. Sanderson Biogr. Signers Declar. Independence II. 247 The inhabitants..had been fully sensible of the evil disposition and abusive behaviour of many of the soldiers towards them. 1861 Corr. respecting Affairs in China 1859–60 249 The Chinese Government is responsible for any abusive act they may commit in the discharge of their duties. 1909 M. Phillips Colonial Autocracy 23 The latter dealt in detail with the Governor's harsh, arbitrary and abusive behaviour towards the military. 1989 S. Peele Diseasing of Amer. viii. 217 Masochistic personality (typical of women who stay in abusive relationships). 2008 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Feb. 178/3 Restraining orders that could be issued against abusive men and sexual predators. 5. That employs or contains bad language; insulting, scurrilous. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrespect > insult > [adjective] despitousa1340 despiteous14.. despitefula1450 contumelious1483 affrontous1598 opprobrious1599 disgraceful1605 abusive1608 reproofful1609 affrontive1659 affronting1725 affrontful?1740 insulting1855 insultant1866 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [adjective] opprobriousc1410 invective1430 railinga1470 shameful?a1513 convicious1530 reviling1534 inveighing1568 abusing1586 vituperatory1586 vituperous1588 vituperious1604 abusive1608 invectory1608 conviciatory1611 abuseful1612 conviciating1628 vituperative1727 vituperatious1797 slangwhanging1809 opprobratory1833 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [adjective] horyc1000 missayingc1330 slandering1402 disclanderous1421 maligningc1425 defamatoryc1485 calumnious1490 defamative1502 slanderous?1521 infaming1535 obtractuous1537 defaminga1550 defamous1557 black-mouthed1560 sycophanticala1566 malignious1578 libelling1587 blasting1591 maledicent1599 traducing1601 black-throated1604 blasphemous1605 depraving1606 abusive1608 calumniating1609 obloquious1611 vilifying1611 infamatory1612 calumniatory1625 aspersionating1639 aspersive1642 scandalizing1646 reflexive1654 unworthying1654 reflecting1656 reflective1664 slanderful1669 aspersing1673 reflectious1715 traducent1736 obloquial1790 sycophantic1801 wronging1845 trash-talking1975 1608 E. Grimeston tr. J. F. Le Petit Gen. Hist. Netherlands i. 24 By these abusiue and slanderous suggestions, he did secretly obtayne letters of a reiterated donation from the said Henry the fourth. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xxxix. 78 Some yeers since, ther was a very abusive Satyre in Vers brought to our King. 1709 A. Pope Chaucer's January & May in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. 181 Abusive Nabal ow'd his forfeit Life To the wise Conduct of a prudent Wife. 1710 in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1751) III. 1 The Subject is nice, the Age abusive, the Town full of Observers and Reviewers. 1778 F. Burney Evelina I. i. 2 Her letter is violent, sometimes abusive. 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. III. 340 This letter produced an abusive, vulgar, and ungentlemanly answer. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. xv. 136 You're a scolding, unjust, abusive, aggravating, bad old creature! 1930 Bulletin (Sydney) 9 July 28 We can't have the public's mind polluted by abusive language. 1962 N. Coward Diary 9 July (2000) 509 He..wrote an abusive letter to poor Lornie saying it was an affront to his reputation as a writer! 1997 Independent 2 June 3/7 More than half those surveyed in companies of all sizes had received abusive or insulting internal e-mail. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1561
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