alcoholicadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌalkəˈhɒlɪk/, U.S.

/ˌælkəˈhɔlɪk/,

/ˌælkəˈhɑlɪk/

Forms: 1700s alcoholick, 1700s alkoholic, 1700s– alcoholic.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: alcohol n., -ic suffix.

Etymology: < alcohol n. + -ic suffix. In sense A. 2 after French alcoolique, adjective (1789 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1789; 1800 or earlier in sense A. 1; 1865 in sense ‘of or relating to alcoholism, (of an illness) caused by alcohol’).The uses as noun are not paralleled in French or other European languages until later; compare e.g. French alcoolique, noun (1872 in sense ‘alcoholic drink’, 1873 in sense ‘person who is addicted to alcoholic drinks’), German Alkoholika (plural noun) alcoholic drinks collectively, Alkoholiker person addicted to alcoholic drinks (both late 19th cent.).

A. adj.

1. Of a thermometer: using alcohol as the liquid whose position in the bore of a thin glass tube indicates the temperature.

ΚΠ

1732 in tr. H. Boerhaave Elem. Chymistry I. 40 A mercurial instead of alcoholick Glass, it settled from 16 above 0 to 14 under it.

1804 B. Lambert tr. C. L. Berthollet Ess. Chem. Statics I. 417 Blagden having put two alcoholic thermometers with a mercurial one into a frigorific mixture, one of the two first marked 29°, and the other 30°, while that with the mercury was at 40° Fahr.

1870 S. A. Norton Elem. Nat. Philos. viii. 310 Alcoholic thermometers are even less reliable, because the expansion of alcohol at all temperatures is exceedingly irregular.

1904 H. S. Williams Hist. Sci. V. iv. 83 The temperature of liquid hydrogen—a temperature far below that at which the contents of even an alcoholic thermometer are solidified.

1980 Ecol. Bull. No. 32. 79 Measurements of air temperature..were performed..with mercury and alcoholic thermometers.

a. Chiefly Chemistry. Of or relating to an alcohol, esp. ethanol; characteristic of an alcohol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [adjective]

alcoholic1789

1789 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. 51 The combination of alkohol with caloric, becomes alkoholic gas [Fr. gaz alcoolique].

1833 C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines xv. 323 Some ingenious observations..upon the alcoholic principle in wine.

1878 W. Hardman Wine-growers & Wine-coopers’ Man. viii. 92 Only the purer alcoholic vapour can pass up to the chest, which unites all the chambers of the rectificator.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xxv. 446 While the phenols remind us of the tertiary alcohols of the fatty series, although they differ from these in many points, we are acquainted with compounds which possess the alcoholic character in its entirety; they are termed aromatic alcohols.

1960 F. G. Mann & B. C. Saunders Pract. Org. Chem. (ed. 4) ii. 76 The initial reaction between ethanol and a strong acid such as sulphuric acid involves protonation of the alcoholic oxygen to form an oxonium ion.

1999 M. Pooley & J. Lomax Real Cidermaking x. 59 Adding white sugar at this point will increase the alcoholic strength of the final cider.

b. Chemistry. Of a solution or solute: dissolved or dispersed in an alcohol, esp. ethanol. Of an extract: obtained by solution in an alcohol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [adjective]

sprighty1609

spirituous1653

Panomphaean1694

wet1779

alcoholic1799

Panomphic1822

spiritual1826

panomphaic1878

1799 R. Kirwan Ess. Anal. Mineral Waters i. ii. 124 The alkaline nitrats and muriats will be excluded from the alcoholic solution.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 94 Digest the bark in alcohol, evaporate the alcoholic solution to dryness.

1936 S. A. Waksman Humus vi. 137 Paraffinic acid, C₂₄H₄₈O₂, was isolated..from the cold alcoholic extract.

1991 Jrnl. Medicinal Chem. 34 3365/1 After cooling to room temperature, the alcoholic solution was diluted with anhydrous Et₂O.

2008 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 29 Mar. (Mag.) 6 Brompton mixture was an alcoholic solution containing morphine and cocaine, administered mostly to terminally ill patients.

c. Biology. Of a specimen: preserved in an alcohol, esp. ethanol; of or relating to such specimens.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [adjective] > treatment with specific agents

alcoholic1852

bacterized1915

phenolized1920

osmicated1921

hormonized1940

oestrogenized1944

trypsinized1952

mutagenized1963

1852 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Crustacea Pt. I 185 The specimen, an alcoholic one, has a pale brown colour.

1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly Feb. 458 These notes and drawings, together with the alcoholic specimens, are stowed away awaiting further investigation.

1946 T. Barbour Naturalist's Scrapbk. ii. 46 The several thousands of faded alcoholic specimens on the shelves were soon relegated to the study laboratories.

2004 Assoc. Press State & Local Wire (Nexis) 3 Dec. Specimens in the alcoholic collections—that's not bottles, but collections of fish, amphibians, reptiles and invertebrates named for the preservative solution—are housed across the Hudson River.

a. Of a liquid, esp. a drink: containing alcohol (ethanol), and so potentially intoxicating. Frequently in alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink, alcoholic liquor. Cf. non-alcoholic adj. 1.

ΚΠ

1823 Amer. Med. Recorder 6 411 The abuse of alcoholic drinks also exposes to much danger.

1844 Punch 13 Jan. 27 Pipes and alcoholic liquors are superseded by matrimony.

1878 J. J. Young Ceramic Art 170 Saki, or Sake, is the chief alcoholic drink of Japan, and is made from rice.

1917 Los Angeles Times 22 Apr. iii. 22 ‘Blackleg’ is strong drink, not alcoholic, however, simply the powerful black coffee served in the army.

1941 A. C. Bouquet Compar. Relig. iv. 162 The earliest attempts at a Yogic technique known to us seem to have been associated with the use of the alcoholic drink Soma.

1960 S. Unwin Truth about Publisher i. iii. 36 From that moment nothing alcoholic was kept in the house.

2008 Ecologist July 57/2 The flavour is rich enough to use as a mixer in alcoholic drinks.

b. spec. Designating a type of drink resembling a soft drink (typically in being sweet, carbonated, and similarly bottled), but containing added alcohol. Cf. alcopop n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [adjective] > with alcohol added

spiritful1608

sprightful1615

spirituous1646

spirited1648

with a stick in it1808

well-laced1826

brandied1833

brandified1841

whiskied1850

spiked1909

needled1929

alcoholic1989

1989 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 11 June i. 35/3 (heading) Alcoholic fruit drinks for children assailed.

1996 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 27 Mar. 18 There are circles among the twenty-somethings in which alcoholic lemonade is all the rage.

2011 Church Times 6 May 19/1 Halewood is based in Liverpool, which is perhaps best known for its alcoholic ginger-beer and Lambrini.

4. Resulting from or associated with excessive consumption of alcohol (ethanol) or alcoholism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders caused by poisons > [adjective] > caused by or involving poison > by drugs

alcoholic1830

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > alcoholic or addicted to drinking > caused by alcoholism

alcoholic1830

1830 W. Mackenzie Pract. Treat. Dis. Eye xix. 836 When no danger..is to be apprehended, as is the case in alcoholic poisoning, injections into the stomach..are to be preferred.

1850 W. B. Carpenter Use & Abuse Alcoholic Liquors i. 9 The term Intoxication..is commonly applied to alcoholic intoxication alone.

1882 Med. Temperance Jrnl. No. 50. 77 Symptoms of chronic alcoholic poisoning.

1889 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 2 664 The similarity to retroactive amnesia in fevers and alcoholic delirium is recalled.

1916 E. V. Lucas Vermilion Box 141 He was, as the slang phrase has it, ‘oiled’; which is a condition of alcoholic comfort well on this side of inebriety.

1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xii. 309 It is often stated that chronic alcoholism causes slow necrosis of the liver cells with replacement fibrosis, the condition known as alcoholic or multilobular cirrhosis.

1953 S. Kauffmann Philanderer xiv. 233 A lamp-lighted restaurant table, the distant sad-sweet music, all these flowed together in a comfortable alcoholic haze.

1991 J. Diski Happily ever After i. 4 He listened, in an alcoholic torpor, from the depths of his armchair, to the sounds of the house.

2004 Metro 8 Nov. (London ed.) (Metro Health Zone section) 5/2 Binge-drinking weakens the heart muscle and can lead to a condition called alcoholic cardiomyopathy, which causes heart failure.

5. Addicted to alcohol (ethanol), affected with alcoholism; showing the effect of habitually drinking alcohol; (also) under the influence of alcohol, inebriated.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > alcoholic or addicted to drinking

drunkensomea1300

drunkelew1362

drunksomec1475

drunken1548

boozing1569

boozy1592

bousy1592

moisty1593

unsober1611

upsy-friesy1617

moist1619

sottish1632

swilling1633

bibacious1663

intemperate1680

swill-bellied1680

swill-down1693

wet1699

potative1737

compotatory1817

alcoholic1845

drinking1856

bibulous1861

on the drink1865

1845 Emancipator & Weekly Chron. (Boston) 9 Apr. 197/3 I shout, Ho! help, come Jew and gentile, cold water and alcoholic men, rich and poor, the righteous and the profane.

1868 H. B. Day Opium Habit 204 He was merely self-ignorant—blind to the fact that in condemning the alcoholic inebriate he was by every word condemning himself as well.

1894 Evening Times (Cumberland, Maryland) 6 Apr. 2/2 Under the terms of this Act all existing definitions of drunkenness are abolished or amended so as to include the drug user as well as the alcoholic inebriate.

1907 A. R. Diefendorf Clin. Psychiatry (ed. 2) 169 The rate of mortality of the children of alcoholic mothers is twice as great during the first two years of life as of non-alcoholic mothers.

1929 J. Buchan Courts of Morning i. 35 Yanqui youth..is chronically alcoholic and amorous.

1957 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 Nov. 670/5 The girl is virtually imprisoned by the neurotic, psychotic and (it is apparent by this time) alcoholic novelist.

2008 Daily Tel. 25 Sept. 31/2 He found..lodgings with a Cockney family in Poplar, where he shared a bed with the son of the alcoholic landlady.

B. n.

1. In plural. Alcoholic drinks.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun]

drink1042

liquor1340

bousea1350

cidera1382

dwale1393

sicera1400

barrelc1400

strong drinkc1405

watera1475

swig1548

tipple1581

amber1598

tickle-brain1598

malt pie1599

swill1602

spicket1615

lap1618

John Barleycornc1625

pottle1632

upsy Englisha1640

upsy Friese1648

tipplage1653

heartsease1668

fuddle1680

rosin1691

tea1693

suck1699

guzzlea1704

alcohol1742

the right stuff1748

intoxicant1757

lush1790

tear-brain1796

demon1799

rum1799

poison1805

fogram1808

swizzle1813

gatter1818

wine(s) and spirit(s)1819

mother's milkc1821

skink1823

alcoholics1832

jough1834

alky1844

waipiro1845

medicine1847

stimulant1848

booze1859

tiddly1859

neck oil1860

lotion1864

shrab1867

nose paint1880

fixing1882

wet1894

rabbit1895

shicker1900

jollop1920

mule1920

giggle-water1929

rookus juice1929

River Ouse1931

juice1932

lunatic soup1933

wallop1933

skimish1936

sauce1940

turps1945

grog1946

joy juice1960

1832 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 25 July 62 We can easily account for the cures ascribed to the sudden immersion in the cold bath; to emetics;..to large doses of alcoholics, and to mental impressions.

1870 Food Jrnl. Apr. 141 Any restriction on the sale of alcoholics.

1898 Memphis Lancet Sept. 194 This, of course, would include all persons given to the use of alcoholics, tobacco, and other toxic drugs.

1920 A. F. Pattee Pract. Dietetics (ed. 13) 83 The nurse may be required to exercise her own judgment at times in the emergency use of alcoholics in the sick room.

1998 C. V. Morpurgo in S. N. Ayrapetyan & A. V. Apkarian Pain Mechanisms & Managem. v. 356 The most important changes were observed..after the use of alcoholics, tea, coffee, Ritalin, etc.

2. A person who is addicted to alcoholic drink; one suffering from alcoholism. Cf. alky n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [noun] > one who drinks to excess > alcoholic or habitual drinker

supper?1529

blow-bowl1530

drunkard1530

drunkera1538

blow-bottle1580

tippler1580

potman1589

red nose1591

sot1592

water rat1593

ply-pot1611

potter1632

pothead1639

pisspot1655

pitcher-man1665

whetter1709

inebriate1794

rummy1843

alcoholic1852

oenomaniac1857

dipsomaniac1858

alcoholizer1880

alcoholist1888

potationist1888

lush1890

rumdum1891

rumhound1895

blacklister1904

dipso1923

rumpot1929

alky1944

juice-head1955

alcohol abuser1965

juicer1967

substance abuser1967

jakey1988

1852 Sc. Temperance Rev. Apr. 177/2 O ye blessed alcoholics, how I envy you! while this cold clay of mine receives no such consolation.

1877 T. S. Arthur Grappling with Monster 76 Confirmed alcoholics constantly say that for this or that work, requiring thought and attention, it is necessary to forego some of the usual potations.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 25 Feb. 8/1 Warning him that deceased was a ‘chronic alcoholic’, and must have a bottle of port a day.

1957 New Yorker 26 Oct. 198/2 Its chief characters—a middle-aged civil servant, a young suburban housewife,..and a bartender and his wife—are alcoholics. So, for that matter, is the author.

1973 M. Muggeridge Infernal Grove i. 71 Like alcoholics after taking the cure—never another drop; well, just a taste perhaps, and then, before you could say knife, back on the meths.

2010 P. Daniels Class Actor iv. 27 There were a lot of prostitutes and alcoholics hanging about, and a lot of action went on in the hotels around the square.

Compounds

C1. Compounds of the adjective.

alcoholic fermentation n. [perhaps after French fermentation alcoolique (1792 or earlier; the source translated in quot. 1796 only uses fermentation vineuse (see vinous fermentation n. at vinous adj. 2b))] the type of fermentation occurring in yeast, in which glucose is broken down to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide (earlier called vinous fermentation); contrasted with lactic fermentation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [noun] > fermentation > in yeast

alcoholic fermentation1852

1796 R. Heron tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Chem. & Nat. Hist. I. (Philos. Chem.) xii. 105 Vinous or alcoholic fermentation is..a commencement of the destruction of those principles which are formed by vegetation.

1852 T. F. Betton tr. V. Regnault Elements Chem. II. iv. 511 We shall be satisfied with stating what is known concerning alcoholic fermentation.

1988 K. Lynch Adventures on Wine Route (1990) v. 152 The alcoholic fermentation occurs within the skin of each uncrushed grape.

2011 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 1 June l5 The Jean-Louis is..made through the charmat process, in which the wine goes through the alcoholic fermentation only once, in a closed vat.

alcoholic tincture n. see tincture n. 7b.

C2. Compounds of the noun.

Alcoholics Anonymous n. originally U.S. an association for the mutual support and rehabilitation of alcoholics; abbreviated A.A.The organization was founded at Akron, Ohio, in 1935.A proprietary name in the United States.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [noun] > addiction to alcohol or habitual drinking > society for rehabilitation or support of

Alcoholics Anonymous1939

AA1940

Al-Anon1952

Alateen1958

1939 Alcoholics Anonymous ii. 27 We, of Alcoholics Anonymous, know one hundred men who were just as hopeless as Bill. All have recovered. They have solved the drink problem.

1951 I. Shaw Troubled Air ii. 28 You're jittery... Maybe you ought to join Alcoholics Anonymous.

1962 Lancet 2 June 1193/2 7 men attended meetings of Alcoholics Anonymous regularly. The impression was that those helped most by A.A. are the more stable and more intelligent.

1984 N.Y. Times 2 Jan. 21/2 The Roman Catholic rectory serves twice a week as the meeting place for the local chapter of Alcoholics Anonymous.

2007 Independent 6 Feb. 29/7 Like millions of others, she had recovered through the ‘12 steps’ method first laid out by Alcoholics Anonymous, which is used by Narcotics Anonymous.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	alcoholic
释义	alcoholicadj.n. Brit. /ˌalkəˈhɒlɪk/, U.S. /ˌælkəˈhɔlɪk/, /ˌælkəˈhɑlɪk/ Forms: 1700s alcoholick, 1700s alkoholic, 1700s– alcoholic. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: alcohol n., -ic suffix. Etymology: < alcohol n. + -ic suffix. In sense A. 2 after French alcoolique, adjective (1789 in this sense, in the passage translated in quot. 1789; 1800 or earlier in sense A. 1; 1865 in sense ‘of or relating to alcoholism, (of an illness) caused by alcohol’).The uses as noun are not paralleled in French or other European languages until later; compare e.g. French alcoolique, noun (1872 in sense ‘alcoholic drink’, 1873 in sense ‘person who is addicted to alcoholic drinks’), German Alkoholika (plural noun) alcoholic drinks collectively, Alkoholiker person addicted to alcoholic drinks (both late 19th cent.). A. adj. 1. Of a thermometer: using alcohol as the liquid whose position in the bore of a thin glass tube indicates the temperature. ΚΠ 1732 in tr. H. Boerhaave Elem. Chymistry I. 40 A mercurial instead of alcoholick Glass, it settled from 16 above 0 to 14 under it. 1804 B. Lambert tr. C. L. Berthollet Ess. Chem. Statics I. 417 Blagden having put two alcoholic thermometers with a mercurial one into a frigorific mixture, one of the two first marked 29°, and the other 30°, while that with the mercury was at 40° Fahr. 1870 S. A. Norton Elem. Nat. Philos. viii. 310 Alcoholic thermometers are even less reliable, because the expansion of alcohol at all temperatures is exceedingly irregular. 1904 H. S. Williams Hist. Sci. V. iv. 83 The temperature of liquid hydrogen—a temperature far below that at which the contents of even an alcoholic thermometer are solidified. 1980 Ecol. Bull. No. 32. 79 Measurements of air temperature..were performed..with mercury and alcoholic thermometers. 2. a. Chiefly Chemistry. Of or relating to an alcohol, esp. ethanol; characteristic of an alcohol. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [adjective] alcoholic1789 1789 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. 51 The combination of alkohol with caloric, becomes alkoholic gas [Fr. gaz alcoolique]. 1833 C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines xv. 323 Some ingenious observations..upon the alcoholic principle in wine. 1878 W. Hardman Wine-growers & Wine-coopers’ Man. viii. 92 Only the purer alcoholic vapour can pass up to the chest, which unites all the chambers of the rectificator. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xxv. 446 While the phenols remind us of the tertiary alcohols of the fatty series, although they differ from these in many points, we are acquainted with compounds which possess the alcoholic character in its entirety; they are termed aromatic alcohols. 1960 F. G. Mann & B. C. Saunders Pract. Org. Chem. (ed. 4) ii. 76 The initial reaction between ethanol and a strong acid such as sulphuric acid involves protonation of the alcoholic oxygen to form an oxonium ion. 1999 M. Pooley & J. Lomax Real Cidermaking x. 59 Adding white sugar at this point will increase the alcoholic strength of the final cider. b. Chemistry. Of a solution or solute: dissolved or dispersed in an alcohol, esp. ethanol. Of an extract: obtained by solution in an alcohol. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [adjective] sprighty1609 spirituous1653 Panomphaean1694 wet1779 alcoholic1799 Panomphic1822 spiritual1826 panomphaic1878 1799 R. Kirwan Ess. Anal. Mineral Waters i. ii. 124 The alkaline nitrats and muriats will be excluded from the alcoholic solution. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 94 Digest the bark in alcohol, evaporate the alcoholic solution to dryness. 1936 S. A. Waksman Humus vi. 137 Paraffinic acid, C₂₄H₄₈O₂, was isolated..from the cold alcoholic extract. 1991 Jrnl. Medicinal Chem. 34 3365/1 After cooling to room temperature, the alcoholic solution was diluted with anhydrous Et₂O. 2008 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 29 Mar. (Mag.) 6 Brompton mixture was an alcoholic solution containing morphine and cocaine, administered mostly to terminally ill patients. c. Biology. Of a specimen: preserved in an alcohol, esp. ethanol; of or relating to such specimens. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [adjective] > treatment with specific agents alcoholic1852 bacterized1915 phenolized1920 osmicated1921 hormonized1940 oestrogenized1944 trypsinized1952 mutagenized1963 1852 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Crustacea Pt. I 185 The specimen, an alcoholic one, has a pale brown colour. 1894 Pop. Sci. Monthly Feb. 458 These notes and drawings, together with the alcoholic specimens, are stowed away awaiting further investigation. 1946 T. Barbour Naturalist's Scrapbk. ii. 46 The several thousands of faded alcoholic specimens on the shelves were soon relegated to the study laboratories. 2004 Assoc. Press State & Local Wire (Nexis) 3 Dec. Specimens in the alcoholic collections—that's not bottles, but collections of fish, amphibians, reptiles and invertebrates named for the preservative solution—are housed across the Hudson River. 3. a. Of a liquid, esp. a drink: containing alcohol (ethanol), and so potentially intoxicating. Frequently in alcoholic beverage, alcoholic drink, alcoholic liquor. Cf. non-alcoholic adj. 1. ΚΠ 1823 Amer. Med. Recorder 6 411 The abuse of alcoholic drinks also exposes to much danger. 1844 Punch 13 Jan. 27 Pipes and alcoholic liquors are superseded by matrimony. 1878 J. J. Young Ceramic Art 170 Saki, or Sake, is the chief alcoholic drink of Japan, and is made from rice. 1917 Los Angeles Times 22 Apr. iii. 22 ‘Blackleg’ is strong drink, not alcoholic, however, simply the powerful black coffee served in the army. 1941 A. C. Bouquet Compar. Relig. iv. 162 The earliest attempts at a Yogic technique known to us seem to have been associated with the use of the alcoholic drink Soma. 1960 S. Unwin Truth about Publisher i. iii. 36 From that moment nothing alcoholic was kept in the house. 2008 Ecologist July 57/2 The flavour is rich enough to use as a mixer in alcoholic drinks. b. spec. Designating a type of drink resembling a soft drink (typically in being sweet, carbonated, and similarly bottled), but containing added alcohol. Cf. alcopop n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [adjective] > with alcohol added spiritful1608 sprightful1615 spirituous1646 spirited1648 with a stick in it1808 well-laced1826 brandied1833 brandified1841 whiskied1850 spiked1909 needled1929 alcoholic1989 1989 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 11 June i. 35/3 (heading) Alcoholic fruit drinks for children assailed. 1996 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 27 Mar. 18 There are circles among the twenty-somethings in which alcoholic lemonade is all the rage. 2011 Church Times 6 May 19/1 Halewood is based in Liverpool, which is perhaps best known for its alcoholic ginger-beer and Lambrini. 4. Resulting from or associated with excessive consumption of alcohol (ethanol) or alcoholism. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders caused by poisons > [adjective] > caused by or involving poison > by drugs alcoholic1830 the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > alcoholic or addicted to drinking > caused by alcoholism alcoholic1830 1830 W. Mackenzie Pract. Treat. Dis. Eye xix. 836 When no danger..is to be apprehended, as is the case in alcoholic poisoning, injections into the stomach..are to be preferred. 1850 W. B. Carpenter Use & Abuse Alcoholic Liquors i. 9 The term Intoxication..is commonly applied to alcoholic intoxication alone. 1882 Med. Temperance Jrnl. No. 50. 77 Symptoms of chronic alcoholic poisoning. 1889 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 2 664 The similarity to retroactive amnesia in fevers and alcoholic delirium is recalled. 1916 E. V. Lucas Vermilion Box 141 He was, as the slang phrase has it, ‘oiled’; which is a condition of alcoholic comfort well on this side of inebriety. 1949 H. W. C. Vines Green's Man. Pathol. (ed. 17) xii. 309 It is often stated that chronic alcoholism causes slow necrosis of the liver cells with replacement fibrosis, the condition known as alcoholic or multilobular cirrhosis. 1953 S. Kauffmann Philanderer xiv. 233 A lamp-lighted restaurant table, the distant sad-sweet music, all these flowed together in a comfortable alcoholic haze. 1991 J. Diski Happily ever After i. 4 He listened, in an alcoholic torpor, from the depths of his armchair, to the sounds of the house. 2004 Metro 8 Nov. (London ed.) (Metro Health Zone section) 5/2 Binge-drinking weakens the heart muscle and can lead to a condition called alcoholic cardiomyopathy, which causes heart failure. 5. Addicted to alcohol (ethanol), affected with alcoholism; showing the effect of habitually drinking alcohol; (also) under the influence of alcohol, inebriated. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > alcoholic or addicted to drinking drunkensomea1300 drunkelew1362 drunksomec1475 drunken1548 boozing1569 boozy1592 bousy1592 moisty1593 unsober1611 upsy-friesy1617 moist1619 sottish1632 swilling1633 bibacious1663 intemperate1680 swill-bellied1680 swill-down1693 wet1699 potative1737 compotatory1817 alcoholic1845 drinking1856 bibulous1861 on the drink1865 1845 Emancipator & Weekly Chron. (Boston) 9 Apr. 197/3 I shout, Ho! help, come Jew and gentile, cold water and alcoholic men, rich and poor, the righteous and the profane. 1868 H. B. Day Opium Habit 204 He was merely self-ignorant—blind to the fact that in condemning the alcoholic inebriate he was by every word condemning himself as well. 1894 Evening Times (Cumberland, Maryland) 6 Apr. 2/2 Under the terms of this Act all existing definitions of drunkenness are abolished or amended so as to include the drug user as well as the alcoholic inebriate. 1907 A. R. Diefendorf Clin. Psychiatry (ed. 2) 169 The rate of mortality of the children of alcoholic mothers is twice as great during the first two years of life as of non-alcoholic mothers. 1929 J. Buchan Courts of Morning i. 35 Yanqui youth..is chronically alcoholic and amorous. 1957 Times Lit. Suppl. 8 Nov. 670/5 The girl is virtually imprisoned by the neurotic, psychotic and (it is apparent by this time) alcoholic novelist. 2008 Daily Tel. 25 Sept. 31/2 He found..lodgings with a Cockney family in Poplar, where he shared a bed with the son of the alcoholic landlady. B. n. 1. In plural. Alcoholic drinks. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun] drink1042 liquor1340 bousea1350 cidera1382 dwale1393 sicera1400 barrelc1400 strong drinkc1405 watera1475 swig1548 tipple1581 amber1598 tickle-brain1598 malt pie1599 swill1602 spicket1615 lap1618 John Barleycornc1625 pottle1632 upsy Englisha1640 upsy Friese1648 tipplage1653 heartsease1668 fuddle1680 rosin1691 tea1693 suck1699 guzzlea1704 alcohol1742 the right stuff1748 intoxicant1757 lush1790 tear-brain1796 demon1799 rum1799 poison1805 fogram1808 swizzle1813 gatter1818 wine(s) and spirit(s)1819 mother's milkc1821 skink1823 alcoholics1832 jough1834 alky1844 waipiro1845 medicine1847 stimulant1848 booze1859 tiddly1859 neck oil1860 lotion1864 shrab1867 nose paint1880 fixing1882 wet1894 rabbit1895 shicker1900 jollop1920 mule1920 giggle-water1929 rookus juice1929 River Ouse1931 juice1932 lunatic soup1933 wallop1933 skimish1936 sauce1940 turps1945 grog1946 joy juice1960 1832 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 25 July 62 We can easily account for the cures ascribed to the sudden immersion in the cold bath; to emetics;..to large doses of alcoholics, and to mental impressions. 1870 Food Jrnl. Apr. 141 Any restriction on the sale of alcoholics. 1898 Memphis Lancet Sept. 194 This, of course, would include all persons given to the use of alcoholics, tobacco, and other toxic drugs. 1920 A. F. Pattee Pract. Dietetics (ed. 13) 83 The nurse may be required to exercise her own judgment at times in the emergency use of alcoholics in the sick room. 1998 C. V. Morpurgo in S. N. Ayrapetyan & A. V. Apkarian Pain Mechanisms & Managem. v. 356 The most important changes were observed..after the use of alcoholics, tea, coffee, Ritalin, etc. 2. A person who is addicted to alcoholic drink; one suffering from alcoholism. Cf. alky n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [noun] > one who drinks to excess > alcoholic or habitual drinker supper?1529 blow-bowl1530 drunkard1530 drunkera1538 blow-bottle1580 tippler1580 potman1589 red nose1591 sot1592 water rat1593 ply-pot1611 potter1632 pothead1639 pisspot1655 pitcher-man1665 whetter1709 inebriate1794 rummy1843 alcoholic1852 oenomaniac1857 dipsomaniac1858 alcoholizer1880 alcoholist1888 potationist1888 lush1890 rumdum1891 rumhound1895 blacklister1904 dipso1923 rumpot1929 alky1944 juice-head1955 alcohol abuser1965 juicer1967 substance abuser1967 jakey1988 1852 Sc. Temperance Rev. Apr. 177/2 O ye blessed alcoholics, how I envy you! while this cold clay of mine receives no such consolation. 1877 T. S. Arthur Grappling with Monster 76 Confirmed alcoholics constantly say that for this or that work, requiring thought and attention, it is necessary to forego some of the usual potations. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 25 Feb. 8/1 Warning him that deceased was a ‘chronic alcoholic’, and must have a bottle of port a day. 1957 New Yorker 26 Oct. 198/2 Its chief characters—a middle-aged civil servant, a young suburban housewife,..and a bartender and his wife—are alcoholics. So, for that matter, is the author. 1973 M. Muggeridge Infernal Grove i. 71 Like alcoholics after taking the cure—never another drop; well, just a taste perhaps, and then, before you could say knife, back on the meths. 2010 P. Daniels Class Actor iv. 27 There were a lot of prostitutes and alcoholics hanging about, and a lot of action went on in the hotels around the square. Compounds C1. Compounds of the adjective. alcoholic fermentation n. [perhaps after French fermentation alcoolique (1792 or earlier; the source translated in quot. 1796 only uses fermentation vineuse (see vinous fermentation n. at vinous adj. 2b))] the type of fermentation occurring in yeast, in which glucose is broken down to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide (earlier called vinous fermentation); contrasted with lactic fermentation. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [noun] > fermentation > in yeast alcoholic fermentation1852 1796 R. Heron tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Chem. & Nat. Hist. I. (Philos. Chem.) xii. 105 Vinous or alcoholic fermentation is..a commencement of the destruction of those principles which are formed by vegetation. 1852 T. F. Betton tr. V. Regnault Elements Chem. II. iv. 511 We shall be satisfied with stating what is known concerning alcoholic fermentation. 1988 K. Lynch Adventures on Wine Route (1990) v. 152 The alcoholic fermentation occurs within the skin of each uncrushed grape. 2011 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 1 June l5 The Jean-Louis is..made through the charmat process, in which the wine goes through the alcoholic fermentation only once, in a closed vat. alcoholic tincture n. see tincture n. 7b. C2. Compounds of the noun. Alcoholics Anonymous n. originally U.S. an association for the mutual support and rehabilitation of alcoholics; abbreviated A.A.The organization was founded at Akron, Ohio, in 1935.A proprietary name in the United States. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [noun] > addiction to alcohol or habitual drinking > society for rehabilitation or support of Alcoholics Anonymous1939 AA1940 Al-Anon1952 Alateen1958 1939 Alcoholics Anonymous ii. 27 We, of Alcoholics Anonymous, know one hundred men who were just as hopeless as Bill. All have recovered. They have solved the drink problem. 1951 I. Shaw Troubled Air ii. 28 You're jittery... Maybe you ought to join Alcoholics Anonymous. 1962 Lancet 2 June 1193/2 7 men attended meetings of Alcoholics Anonymous regularly. The impression was that those helped most by A.A. are the more stable and more intelligent. 1984 N.Y. Times 2 Jan. 21/2 The Roman Catholic rectory serves twice a week as the meeting place for the local chapter of Alcoholics Anonymous. 2007 Independent 6 Feb. 29/7 Like millions of others, she had recovered through the ‘12 steps’ method first laid out by Alcoholics Anonymous, which is used by Narcotics Anonymous. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1732
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