corpusn.
/ˈkɔːpəs/, U.S. /ˈkɔrpəs/ 1. The body of a person or animal. (Cf. corpse n. 1.)Formerly frequent; now only humorous or grotesque.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > [noun]
lichamc888
bodyeOE
earthOE
lichOE
bone houseOE
dustc1000
fleshOE
utter mana1050
bonesOE
bodiȝlichc1175
bouka1225
bellyc1275
slimec1315
corpsec1325
vesselc1360
tabernaclec1374
carrion1377
corsec1386
personc1390
claya1400
carcass1406
lump of claya1425
sensuality?a1425
corpusc1440
God's imagea1450
bulka1475
natural body1526
outward man1526
quarrons1567
blood bulk1570
skinfula1592
flesh-rind1593
clod1595
anatomy1597
veil1598
microcosm1601
machine1604
outwall1608
lay part1609
machina1612
cabinet1614
automaton1644
case1655
mud wall1662
structure1671
soul case1683
incarnation1745
personality1748
personage1785
man1830
embodiment1850
flesh-stuff1855
corporeity1865
chassis1930
soma1958
the world > life > the body > dead body > [noun]
lichc893
dust?a1000
holdc1000
bonesOE
stiff onea1200
bodyc1225
carrion?c1225
licham?c1225
worms' food or ware?c1225
corsec1250
ashc1275
corpsec1315
carcass1340
murraina1382
relicsa1398
ghostc1400
wormes warec1400
corpusc1440
scadc1440
reliefc1449
martc1480
cadaverc1500
mortc1500
tramort?a1513
hearse1530
bulk1575
offal1581
trunk1594
cadaverie1600
relicts1607
remains1610
mummya1616
relic1636
cold meat1788
mortality1827
death bone1834
deader1853
stiff1859
c1440 York Myst. xxxiii. 430 We ar combered his corpus for to cary.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos li. (1890) 143 They came wyth the corpus, makyng gret mone.
1531 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 104 He was lothe to goe and see the ded corpus.
1709 Brit. Apollo 27 May–1 June His Corpus (Now bulky as Porpus).
1799 Piece Fam. Biogr. II. 108 They ate up his corpus, his hands and his feet.
1849 E. Bulwer-Lytton King Arthur ix. xcvi A sick polypus..Stretch'd out its claws to incorporate my corpus.
a1854 Villikins & his Dinah in Mus. Bouquet No. 452 He kissed her cold corpus a thousand times o'er.
2. Physiology. A structure of a special character or function in the animal body, as corpus callosum, the transverse commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres; so also corpora quadrigemina, corpora striata, etc. of the brain, corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa of the penis, etc.; corpus luteum [ < Latin luteus, luteum yellow] (plural corpora lutea), a yellowish body developed in the ovary from the ruptured Graafian follicle after discharge of the ovum; it secretes progesterone and other hormones and after a few days degenerates unless fertilization has occurred, when it remains throughout pregnancy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > system > [noun] > organ
instrumenta1398
organ?a1425
instrumental?1541
organon1583
organum1614
corpus1706
apparatus1718
the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > commissure
commissure1695
corpus callosum1706
optic commissure1848
optic chiasma1856
supracommissure1886
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > ovum or ootid > Graafian follicle, etc.
corpus luteum1788
ovarian follicle1834
Graafian follicle1841
theca folliculi1857
corona radiata1869
stigma1890
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Corpus Callosum (in Anat.) is the upper Part, or Covering of a Space made by the joyning together of the right and left Side of the inward Substance of the Brain.
1788 Encycl. Brit. I. 740/2 In conception, one of these mature ova is supposed..to be squeezed out of its nidus into the Fallopian tube; after which the ruptured part forms a substance which in some animals is of a yellow colour, and is therefore called corpus luteum.
1851 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. (1865) 581 The ganglionic matter of the Corpora Striata.
1869 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 3) xi. 298 The floor of the lateral ventricle is formed by a mass of nervous matter, called the corpus striatum.
1874 W. B. Carpenter Princ. Mental Physiol. (1879) App. 715 Experiments on the Corpora Quadrigemina (or Optic Ganglia).
1910 Surg., Gynecol. & Obstetr. 10 221/2 (heading) Extract of corpus luteum in disturbances of artificial and physiologic menopause.
1910 Surg., Gynecol. & Obstetr. 10 221/2 An extract made from the corpora lutea of beef ovaries [was used] rather than an extract of the entire ovary.
1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. v. 60 The number of corpora lutea, or traces of discharged ova in the ovaries.
1939 Ann. Reg. 1938 372 Corpus luteum hormone and its derivatives.
1959 New Biol. 30 79 As in mammals, glandular bodies known as corpora lutea are produced in the ovaries of viviparous (and also of some oviparous) reptiles, in places from which the eggs have been shed at ovulation.
3.
a. A body or complete collection of writings or the like; the whole body of literature on any subject.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > [noun] > body of literature on a subject
corpus1728
literature1797
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Corpus, is also used in Matters of Learning, for several Works of the same Nature, collected, join'd, and bound together... The Corpus of the Civil Law is compos'd of the Digest, Code, and Institutes... We have also a Corpus of the Greek Poets.
1865 J. B. Mozley 8 Lect. Miracles i. 16 Bound up inseparably with the whole corpus of Christian tradition.
1876 W. E. Gladstone in Contemp. Rev. June 14 Assaults on the corpus of Scripture.
1886 Athenæum 14 Aug. 211/1 The completion of such a corpus of Oriental numismatics.
b. The body of written or spoken material upon which a linguistic analysis is based.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > [noun] > material for linguistic analysis
corpus1956
1956 W. S. Allen in Trans. Philol. Soc. 128 The analysis here presented is based on the speech of a single informant..and in particular upon a corpus of material, of which a large proportion was narrative, derived from approximately 100 hours of listening.
1963 Language 39 1 In the analysis of the data, the structural features of the corpora will first be described.
1964 E. Palmer tr. A. Martinet Elements Gen. Linguistics ii. 40 The theoretical objection one may make against the ‘corpus’ method is that two investigators operating on the same language but starting from different ‘corpuses’, may arrive at different descriptions of the same language.
1971 J. B. Carroll et al. Word Frequency Bk. p. xxvii How many types does one have to ‘know’ to know 95% of the tokens in the population of texts from which a corpus has been derived?
1983 G. Leech et al. in Trans. Philol. Soc. 25 We hope that this will be judged..as an attempt to explore the possibilities and problems of corpus-based research by reference to first-hand experience, instead of by a general survey.
4. The body or material substance of anything; principal, as opposed to interest or income.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > provision of capital > capital or principal
cattlec1330
chief moneyc1390
principal1390
chattel1502
stock1526
capital1569
capital stock1569
nest-egg1801
corpus1844
1844 J. Williams Princ. Law Real Property (1877) 225 Not only the income, but also the corpus of any property, whether real or personal.
1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 25 711 If these costs were properly incurred they ought to be paid out of corpus and not out of income.
5. corpus delicti (see quot. a1859); also, in lay use, the concrete evidence of a crime, esp. the body of a murdered person. corpus juris: a body of law; esp. the body of Roman or civil law ( corpus juris civilis).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > system of laws > [noun]
lawa1000
corps of lawc1380
pandect1553
jurisprudence1656
legislation1659
corpus juris1705
corps diplomatique1796
law-system1880
adversary system1912
society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > violation of law > a violation of the law > aggregate of ingredients constituting
corpus delicti1705
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > incontrovertible or incriminating
goods1771
corpus delicti1922
smoking pistol1974
1705 Tryal Capt. Thomas Green 17 1705 _The Tryal of Capt. Thomas Green and His CrewThere was here no corpus delicti, visible Effect or Subject of the Crime, offered to be proven, which is always necessary.
a1859 J. Austin Lect. Jurispr. (1879) I. xxiv. 479 Corpus delicti (a phrase introduced by certain modern civilians) is a collective name for the sum or aggregate of the various ingredients which make a given fact a breach of a given law.
1863 N.Y. State Court of Appeals, Rep. IV. 179 The corpus delicti, in murder, has two components, death as the result and the criminal agency of another as the means.
1869 R. Campbell Austin's Lect. Jurispr. (ed. 3) II. xlv. 796 The very best attempts yet made to distribute the corpus juris into parts.
1891 Fortn. Rev. Sept. 338 The translation..of the Corpus Juris into French.
1908 J. Hawthorne Libr. Best Myst. & Detective Stories 89 The term ‘corpus delicti’ is technical, and means the body of the crime, or the substantial fact that a crime has been committed.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 435 (He extends his portfolio.) We have here damning evidence, the corpus delicti, my lord, a specimen of my maturer work disfigured by the hallmark of the beast.
1964 Sunday Mail Mag. (Brisbane) 13 Sept. 3/3 An enthusiastic trooper, one of a party investigating river, dam and hollow log in search of the corpus delicti, found some important evidence in a fallen tree.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > religious oaths (referring to God) > God's bones
by corpus bonesc1386
cock's bonesc1405
God's bonesc1410
od's bonesa1895
c1386 G. Chaucer Pardoner's Prol. 28 By corpus [2 MSS. corps] bones, but I haue triacle.
c1386 G. Chaucer Prioress' Prol. 1 (Harl.) ‘Wel sayd, by corpus boones [6 texts corpus dominus]!’ quod oure host.
c1386 G. Chaucer Monk's Prol. 18 By corpus [Harl. corpes Petworth goddes] bones, I wol haue thy knyf.
Draft additions 1997
b. Botany. [Introduced in this sense (in German) by A. Schmidt 1924, in Bot. Archiv (Berlin) VIII. 352.] The inner mass of cells in an apical meristem, which are enclosed by the tunica and whose division contributes to the increase in volume of a plant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > meristem > mass of cells in
corpus1939
1939 Bot. Rev. 5 460 The growth of the central core or corpus, by contrast, consists in an increase in mass.
1958 Jrnl. Faculty Sci. Univ. Tokyo 7 368 Two tissue zones occur in the apical meristem, that is, the tunica, consisting of one or more periclinal layers of cells, and the corpus, a mass of cells enclosed by the tunica.
1965 K. Esau Plant Anat. (ed. 2) v. 94 Although the epidermis usually arises from the outermost tunica layer..,the underlying tissues may have their origin in the tunica or the corpus or both.
1984 L. W. Browder Developmental Biol. (ed. 2) xiii. 647 The tunica and corpus are thought to be maintained by division of the initial cells contained within them.
Draft additions September 2013
corpus linguistics n. the branch of linguistics concerned with analysis of corpora as a means of studying language; cf. sense 3b.
ΚΠ
1959 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 25 216/2 This certainly is the assumption behind linguistic statements derived wholly from texts. By definition, this means closed corpus linguistics, formerly known as philology.]
1979 Slavonic & East European Rev. 57 149 The various problems and methods occurring on the level of TGG theory, such as competence and performance, corpus linguistics, the ‘well-formedness’ of utterances.., and so forth.
1988 N. Belmore in M. Kytö et al. Corpus Linguistics, Hard & Soft 71 Within recent years.., the potential for fruitful cooperation between specialists in corpus linguistics and specialists in information processing has come to be recognized.
2011 M. Baker & L. Pérez-González in J. Simpson Routledge Handbk. Appl. Linguistics iii. 41 Corpus linguistics has provided a robust methodology for studying translation since the mid-1990s.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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