Coulombn.
/ˈkuːləʊm/, /ˈkuːlɒm/, /kuːˈlɒm/, U.S. /ˈkuˌlɑm/, /ˈkuˌloʊm/ The designation adopted by the Paris Electric Congress in 1881, for the unit of electrical quantity; the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampère. (For this unit the name Weber had been previously introduced into partial use.) Also known as international coulomb when defined in terms of the international ampere; in 1948 this was replaced by the absolute coulomb, defined in terms of the absolute ampere and now incorporated in the International System of Units.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > unit of measurement
Coulomb1881
macro-farad1904
1881 Nature 29 Sept. 512/2 The name Coulomb to be given to the quantity of electricity defined by the condition that an ampère gives one coulomb per second.
1892 Lightning 3 Mar. (Spec. Suppl.) Gloss. Electrical Terms s.v. The Coulomb is the quantity of electricity, which, when passed through a solution of nitrate of silver, deposits ·001118 of a gramme of silver on the plate by which it leaves the liquid.
1893 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 10 469 As the Unit of Quantity, the International Coulomb, which is the quantity of electricity transferred by a current of one international ampere in one second.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 742/2 The International Coulomb..is the quantity of electricity transferred by a current of one international ampere in one second.
1938 Hackh's Chem. Dict. (ed. 2) 256/1 Coulomb..international ∼. 1 Int. coul. = 0·9999 absolute coul.
1959 Chambers's Encycl. XIV. 188/1 The common practice is to introduce the absolute coulomb as the fourth fundamental unit [of absolute practical units].
1963 H. G. Jerrard & D. B. McNeill Dict. Sci. Units 35 1 international coulomb = 0·99985 absolute coulomb.
Compounds
attributive and in other combinations.
Coulomb barrier n. a repulsive electrostatic force constituted by the Coulomb field of a nucleus.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > repulsive force
Coulomb barrier1949
1949 G. Friedlander & J. W. Kennedy Introd. Radiochem. iii. 72 Charged particles which have to overcome Coulomb barriers.
1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics ii. 14 Protons, because they are charged, have an electrostatic (coulomb) barrier to overcome before they can escape from the nucleus.
Coulomb energy n. the energy of a charged particle due to the electrostatic field of other charged particles, esp. when it constitutes part of its binding energy.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > apparatus for detecting charged particles > [noun] > energy of charged particle
Coulomb energy1940
1940 S. Glasstone Text-bk. Physical Chem. i. 101 Q is called the Coulomb energy, due to the electrostatic attractions and repulsions between electrons and protons.
Coulomb field n. an electrostatic field that obeys the inverse-square law.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > apparatus for detecting charged particles > [noun] > field obeying inverse-square law
Coulomb field1937
1937 J. W. T. Spinks tr. G. Herzberg Atomic Spectra i. 46 A point charge in a pure Coulomb field of force.
1970 Physics Bull. Apr. 149/2 In the atom the motion of the electrons is dominated by the Coulomb field of the nucleus.
Coulomb force n. the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion exerted by one charged particle upon another.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > apparatus for detecting charged particles > [noun] > force of attraction or repulsion
Coulomb force1930
1930 Engineering 9 May 595/3 The electrons and ions reacted on one another with the usual Coulomb forces.
Coulomb interaction n. an interaction between two particles because of the electric charge that each has.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > apparatus for detecting charged particles > [noun] > interaction of charged particles
Coulomb interaction1936
1936 W. Heitler Quantum Theory Radiation iii. 98 For the collision of an electron with a nucleus of charge Z, the Coulomb interaction is proportional to e2Z.
1970 G. K. Woodgate Elem. Atomic Struct. ii. 9 This Coulomb interaction is of a special form with respect to its radial dependence (V(r) ∝ r−k where k = 1).
Coulomb law n. (also Coulomb's law) either of two laws in electrostatics: (a) (see quot. 1908); (b) a law that like charges repel, and opposite charges attract each other, the force varying inversely as the squares of the distances between them, and proportionally to the product of the magnitudes of the charges.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > [noun] > static electricity > laws
Coulomb law1854
1854 W. Thomson in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 8 48 Coulomb's law.
1908 J. H. Jeans Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. ii. 45 Coulomb's Law. If R is the outward intensity [of the electric field] at a point just outside a conductor, then R = 4πσ, where σ is the surface density of electrification on the conductor.
1938 L. B. Loeb Atomic Struct. i. 30 There thus seems to be a general limit at which the Coulomb law fails.
Coulomb repulsion n. the repulsion between charges occasioned by Coulomb forces.
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the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > apparatus for detecting charged particles > [noun] > force of attraction or repulsion > repulsion
Coulomb repulsion1947
1947 M. D. Kamen Radioactive Tracers in Biol. i. 7 This attractive force far outweighs the Coulomb repulsion.
Coulomb scattering n. (see quot.).
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the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > repulsive force > scattering by
Coulomb scattering1955
the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > action of dispersing particles > [noun] > scattering by nucleus field
Coulomb scattering1955
1955 Gloss. Terms Radiol. (B.S.I.) 16 Coulomb scattering, the scattering of a particle by the coulomb field of a nucleus.
coulomb-volt n. = joule n.
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the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical power, electricity > [noun] > joule
joule1882
coulomb-volt1893
watt-second1893
wattsec1962
1893 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. I. Coulomb-volt.
1963 B. Fozard Instrumentation Nucl. Reactors i. 5 The electron volt (eV)..is related to the coulomb-volt or joule or watt-second by the factor 1·602 × 1019 given above.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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