albuminn.

Brit.

/ˈalbjᵿmᵻn/, U.S.

/ælˈbjumən/

Forms: 1800s albumine, 1800s– albumin.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French albumine.

Etymology: < French albumine (1792) < post-classical Latin albumin- , albumen albumen n.; compare -in suffix¹. Compare German Albumin (1743 or earlier in sense ‘egg white’). Compare earlier albumen n.

1. Biochemistry. Originally: soluble protein (cf. albumen n. 4, albuminoid n. 1). Subsequently: spec. (as a count noun) a member of a class of simple globular proteins that are soluble in water, moderately soluble in salt solutions, and denatured by heat; (as a mass noun) protein of this form.The albumins include the principal components of egg white (see ovalbumin n.) and the most abundant protein of blood plasma (serum albumin), which transports smaller molecules and maintains the osmotic pressure of the blood.

ΚΠ

1801 J. Allen tr. G. Cuvier Introd. Study Animal Econ. ii. 22 The different animal compounds, such as gelatin, albumin [Fr. l'albumine], fibrin, &c...uniting among themselves, form the different animal solids and fluids which we find in nature.

1818 London Med. & Physical Jrnl. 39 140 Sometimes the auditory passage is incrusted with a species of dry scurf, or scales, and on analysis these exudations appear, in some instances, to be..albumin.

1853 A. Ure Dict. Arts (ed. 4) I. 16 Albumine, an animal product, like white of an egg, which is diffused through the whole body.

1887 Jrnl. Physiol. 8 375 Albumins differ conspicuously from globulins in being soluble in distilled water, while the latter require some neutral salt in the solution before they will dissolve.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xliii. 644 The mucins yield albumin and carbohydrate on hydrolysis.

1934 C. C. Steele Introd. Plant Biochem. v. xv. 151 Much of the globulin and proteose in the whole kernel and some of the albumin, undoubtedly come from the embryo and not the endosperm.

1951 H. L. Fevold in D. M. Greenberg Amino Acids & Proteins v. 261 Globulins are differentiated from albumins by the fact that those classified as ‘true’ or euglobulins are insoluble in water at the isoelectric point whereas albumins are soluble.

1992 Cambr. Encycl. Human Evol. (1994) viii. iii. 305/2 Human and baboon albumins differ by 27 per cent in cross-reaction.

2008 U. Masharani Diabetes Demystified iii. 31 Normally, the amount of albumin in the first morning sample of urine is less than 30 mg per gram creatinine, but with kidney damage due to diabetes, this value can increase.

2. Egg white; = albumen n. 1.Quot. 1850 may represent sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > ovum or ootid > white or albumen

whiteeOE

albuginousness1599

albumen1599

ovalbumin1835

albumin1850

egg albumin1871

ovoalbumin1873

egg white1898

1850 in Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1847–8 2 147 Winckler..obtained milk-sugar from albumin of eggs.

1852 in Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1849 3 108 In the last Annual Report..we communicated that Niepce de St. Victor employed a thin layer of albumin, which had been previously mixed with nitrate of silver, as a substance sensitive of light, for the purpose of fixing photogenic pictures on glass.

1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xv. 856 The ‘white’ (albumin) and shell of chicken eggs are added (after fertilization) as the eggs pass along the oviduct.

2011 Daily Mail (Nexis) 19 Mar. Our entire household swept into action..combing the streets of New York for albumin, powdered egg white.

Compounds

General attributive; in sense 2 esp. with reference to the use of albumen paper in photography (now historical; cf. albumen n. Compounds).

ΚΠ

1896 Science 6 Mar. 358/1 Fixed photographic prints on albumin paper placed between the aluminium shield and the sensitive plate gave corresponding negative effects.

1912 Lancet 7 Sept. 685/2 On the value of a quantitative albumin estimation of the cerebro-spinal fluid.

1958 Chambers's Techn. Dict. (ed. 3) 20 Albumin process (Photog.), an early printing process using egg albumin as the vehicle for silver nitrate; now generally replaced by gelatine.

1976 B. Palmer Body Weather 28 A Japanese researcher, noting what appeared to be a sudden rise in albumin level in both sexes, took blood samples.

1978 Calif. Hist. 57 /1 Their finish lacks gloss and appears more like that found on the salt prints done at this time rather than on the albumin prints made by Watkins in 1861.

2002 Carcinogenesis 23 1996/2 A study..in which haemoglobin and albumin adducts of two metabolites, benzene oxide and 1,4-benzoquinone were measured.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	albumin
释义	albuminn. Brit. /ˈalbjᵿmᵻn/, U.S. /ælˈbjumən/ Forms: 1800s albumine, 1800s– albumin. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French albumine. Etymology: < French albumine (1792) < post-classical Latin albumin- , albumen albumen n.; compare -in suffix¹. Compare German Albumin (1743 or earlier in sense ‘egg white’). Compare earlier albumen n. 1. Biochemistry. Originally: soluble protein (cf. albumen n. 4, albuminoid n. 1). Subsequently: spec. (as a count noun) a member of a class of simple globular proteins that are soluble in water, moderately soluble in salt solutions, and denatured by heat; (as a mass noun) protein of this form.The albumins include the principal components of egg white (see ovalbumin n.) and the most abundant protein of blood plasma (serum albumin), which transports smaller molecules and maintains the osmotic pressure of the blood. ΚΠ 1801 J. Allen tr. G. Cuvier Introd. Study Animal Econ. ii. 22 The different animal compounds, such as gelatin, albumin [Fr. l'albumine], fibrin, &c...uniting among themselves, form the different animal solids and fluids which we find in nature. 1818 London Med. & Physical Jrnl. 39 140 Sometimes the auditory passage is incrusted with a species of dry scurf, or scales, and on analysis these exudations appear, in some instances, to be..albumin. 1853 A. Ure Dict. Arts (ed. 4) I. 16 Albumine, an animal product, like white of an egg, which is diffused through the whole body. 1887 Jrnl. Physiol. 8 375 Albumins differ conspicuously from globulins in being soluble in distilled water, while the latter require some neutral salt in the solution before they will dissolve. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xliii. 644 The mucins yield albumin and carbohydrate on hydrolysis. 1934 C. C. Steele Introd. Plant Biochem. v. xv. 151 Much of the globulin and proteose in the whole kernel and some of the albumin, undoubtedly come from the embryo and not the endosperm. 1951 H. L. Fevold in D. M. Greenberg Amino Acids & Proteins v. 261 Globulins are differentiated from albumins by the fact that those classified as ‘true’ or euglobulins are insoluble in water at the isoelectric point whereas albumins are soluble. 1992 Cambr. Encycl. Human Evol. (1994) viii. iii. 305/2 Human and baboon albumins differ by 27 per cent in cross-reaction. 2008 U. Masharani Diabetes Demystified iii. 31 Normally, the amount of albumin in the first morning sample of urine is less than 30 mg per gram creatinine, but with kidney damage due to diabetes, this value can increase. 2. Egg white; = albumen n. 1.Quot. 1850 may represent sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > ovum or ootid > white or albumen whiteeOE albuginousness1599 albumen1599 ovalbumin1835 albumin1850 egg albumin1871 ovoalbumin1873 egg white1898 1850 in Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1847–8 2 147 Winckler..obtained milk-sugar from albumin of eggs. 1852 in Ann. Rep. Progr. Chem. 1849 3 108 In the last Annual Report..we communicated that Niepce de St. Victor employed a thin layer of albumin, which had been previously mixed with nitrate of silver, as a substance sensitive of light, for the purpose of fixing photogenic pictures on glass. 1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xv. 856 The ‘white’ (albumin) and shell of chicken eggs are added (after fertilization) as the eggs pass along the oviduct. 2011 Daily Mail (Nexis) 19 Mar. Our entire household swept into action..combing the streets of New York for albumin, powdered egg white. Compounds General attributive; in sense 2 esp. with reference to the use of albumen paper in photography (now historical; cf. albumen n. Compounds). ΚΠ 1896 Science 6 Mar. 358/1 Fixed photographic prints on albumin paper placed between the aluminium shield and the sensitive plate gave corresponding negative effects. 1912 Lancet 7 Sept. 685/2 On the value of a quantitative albumin estimation of the cerebro-spinal fluid. 1958 Chambers's Techn. Dict. (ed. 3) 20 Albumin process (Photog.), an early printing process using egg albumin as the vehicle for silver nitrate; now generally replaced by gelatine. 1976 B. Palmer Body Weather 28 A Japanese researcher, noting what appeared to be a sudden rise in albumin level in both sexes, took blood samples. 1978 Calif. Hist. 57 /1 Their finish lacks gloss and appears more like that found on the salt prints done at this time rather than on the albumin prints made by Watkins in 1861. 2002 Carcinogenesis 23 1996/2 A study..in which haemoglobin and albumin adducts of two metabolites, benzene oxide and 1,4-benzoquinone were measured. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1801
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