conspirev.

Brit.

/kənˈspʌɪə/, U.S.

/kənˈspaɪ(ə)r/

Etymology: < French conspire-r (15th cent. in Littré) (= Provençal cospirar, Spanish conspirar, Italian conspirare), < Latin conspīrāre lit. ‘to breathe together’, whence, ‘to accord, harmonize, agree, combine or unite in a purpose, plot mischief together secretly’.

a. intransitive. To combine privily for an evil or unlawful purpose; to agree together to do something criminal, illegal, or reprehensible (esp. to commit treason or murder, excite sedition, etc.); to plot. Const. with, against, to do something, †that.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > agree, harmonize, or be congruous with [verb (transitive)]

conspirec1384

accorda1393

to stand with ——c1449

to sit with ——a1500

correspond1545

resound1575

square1583

quader1588

to comport with1591

sympathize1594

beset1597

range1600

even1602

consort1607

to run with ——1614

countenancea1616

hita1616

sympathy1615

filea1625

quadrate?1630

consist1638

commensurate1643

commensure1654

to strike in1704

jig1838

harmonize1852

chime in with1861

equate1934

to tie in1938

to tune in1938

to tie up1958

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot (a purpose) or hatch (a plot [verb (transitive)]

compass1297

procurec1300

purchasec1300

contrivec1330

conspirec1384

brewc1386

awaitc1400

surmise1509

devisec1515

practise1531

machinate1537

forge1547

hatch1565

plot1589

pack1590

appost1602

feign1690

intrigue1747

scheme1767

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > collusion, intrigue > conspire, intrigue [verb (intransitive)]

conspirec1384

insidiate1627

collogue1646

intriguea1714

crayfish1930

fiddle1938

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John ix. 22 The Jewis hadden conspirid, that if ony man knowlechide him Crist, he schulde be don out of the synagoge.

c1386 G. Chaucer Prioress's Tale 113 The Iewes have conspired This innocent out of this world to enchace.

?a1400 Chester Pl. (Shaks. Soc.) II. 12 Syr Cayphas & his companye Conspirne Jesus to anoye.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ii. f. v^v Brute founde many Troyanes..with the which he conspyred.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. FFii Whiche confedered togider, hath conspyred to distroy our soules.

1602 S. Rowlands Greenes Ghost 32 They conspired how to make a breach in his pocket.

1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xxxvii. 18 They conspired against him, to slay him.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 892 An impious crew Of men conspiring to uphold thir state By worse then hostile deeds.

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iii. 94 When kingly power conspired with papal craft To plot and perpetrate that massacre.

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. ii. ii. 112 Princes conspire against me.

†b. Said of a single person (the notion of combination being lost sight of): To plot secretly, contrive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot [verb (intransitive)]

subtlec1300

conspire1393

compass1430

malign?a1439

contrivec1440

machine?c1450

forthink1494

pretenda1500

practise1537

pack1568

brigue1580

machinate1602

manage1603

plot1607

tamper1607

faction1609

collogue1646

intriguea1714

to lay a scheme1826

scheme1842

angle1892

wheel and deal1961

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 232 Within his herte he gan conspire.

c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll 612 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 243 Thus then he conspyred in hys wyll, One after another for to kyll.

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets x. sig. B3 For thou art so possest with murdrous hate, That gainst thy selfe thou stickst not to conspire.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. i. 60 But to bee Menelaus I would conspire against desteny.

2. transitive. To plot, plan, devise, contrive (a criminal, evil, or hostile action).

a. with the end or purpose as object.

ΚΠ

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. xi. 19 Þat conterfeteþ disseites and Conspiret wronges.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 423 Dauid þat Vries deth conspired.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxiii. f. xxiii The Countree waxed wery of hym & conspyrid his deth.

1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres iv. i. sig. S4 Whilst thou victorious Henry didst conspire The wracke of Fraunce.

1681 E. Sclater Serm. Putney 17 That conspire the subversion of Throne and Altar.

1726 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xvi. 464 Thus smooth he ended, yet his death conspir'd.

1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. iv. 220 Your fall and mine alike do they conspire.

b. with the action as object.

ΚΠ

1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 34 Preamb. By dyvers feetis betwen theym conseyved and conspired.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 8 Conspire against him many daungerous enterprises.

1857 S. Osborn Quedah ii. 23 The present attack had been patiently conspired and prearranged at Malacca.

†c. passive with clause. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 81 Sinon, whiche made was here espie Withinne Troie, as was conspired.

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 486 Yt ys conspyryd to reward thy falsnes.

a. intransitive. To combine in action or aim; to act in purposive combination, union, or harmony.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > operate [verb (intransitive)] > together

conspirea1538

concur1559

co-operate1604

co-work1613

co-ordinate1863

synergize1863

coacta1877

society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > co-operate [verb (intransitive)]

conjoin1532

conspirea1538

concurc1550

co-operate1604

coadjute1612

coacta1616

to jump in quilla1616

co-operate1616

co-opere1663

to pull together1772

rally1792

to row in1861

collaborate1871

to play ball (with)1903

to play along1929

play1937

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 13 The cyvyle lyfe ys a polytyke ordur of men conspyryng togyddur in vertue & honesty.

1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 264 The..Stoure,..assisted with other streames that conspire with it.

1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 350 Therefore must your labour conspire with my inventions.

a1711 T. Ken Hymns for Festivals in Wks. (1721) I. 383 How God's converting Calls conspire With our Free-Wills, fond Men enquire?

a1763 J. Byrom Christians Awake! iii Th' angelic choir In songs of joy before unknown conspire.

1829 K. H. Digby Broad Stone of Honour: Godefridus xxi. 251 When we reflect..upon the jarring interests which are to be made to conspire.

1869 J. Tyndall Notes 9 Lect. on Light §479 The waves conspire or oppose each other according as their vibrations are in the same phase or in opposite phases.

b. To combine, concur, co-operate as by intention (so as to effect a certain result).It ranges from what is explicitly figurative of 1 to a sense quite distinct from it.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (intransitive)] > in action or causation

conjoin1532

concur1559

conspire?1578

?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 57 Consider, hoow fully the Gods (az it seemed) had conspyred..too bestow theyr influencez & gyfts vpon her coourt.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxiii. 204 The Writers..conspire to one and the same end, which is setting forth of the Rights of the Kingdome of God.

1670 J. Dryden Tyrannick Love Ded. sig. A3^v All the advantages of Mind and Body, and an Illustrious Birth, conspiring to render you an extraordinary Person.

1678 R. Cudworth tr. Onatus in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 397 The Singers and Dancers could not conspire together into one Dance and Harmony, were they destitute of a Coryphæus.

a1711 T. Ken Divine Love in Wks. (1838) 230 Thou dost..dispose all things..to conspire in thy glory.

1713 J. Addison in Guardian 15 Aug. 2/1 All things conspire to make his Sick Bed grievous and uneasie.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xx. 250 All things conspired to give her the sense of freedom and solitude.

c. To combine as factors in (a product). poetic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (intransitive)] > as factors

conspire1723

1723 R. Blackmore Alfred viii. 292 In their first Offspring blended shall conspire The Mother's Sweetness and the Father's Fire.

1888 J. W. Burgon Lives Twelve Good Men II. v. 1 In [him]..there conspired certain personal gifts of an altogether unique order.

†4. To concur or agree in spirit, sentiment, sense, tenor, testimony, assertion, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > be in agreement [verb (intransitive)]

accord1340

cordc1380

to be condescendedc1386

to be consentedc1386

consenta1400

intend1421

onec1450

drawc1480

to be of (also in) one (or a) mind?1496

agreea1513

gree?a1513

to draw by one string1558

conspire1579

to meet witha1586

conclude1586

condog1592

consign1600

centre1652

to be of (another's) mind1717

to go all the way (also the whole way) with1829

to sing the same song1846

1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Oct. 21 Gloss. This place seemeth to conspyre with Plato.

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. i. §9. 197 The Apostle..doth fully conspire and agree with the Prophet.

1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 85 All these Accounts, conspiring so together, seem to make the thing certain.

1725 A. Pope Corr. 10 Oct. (1956) II. 330 I conspire in your Sentiments..wish for your Company.

1734 W. Whiston tr. in Six Diss. i. 16 Josephus..conspires in his Testimony with what is written in the Gospels.

†5. transitive. To unite in producing; to concur to.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > operate together to produce

conspire1614

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (transitive)] > combine in producing

conspire1614

1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) vii. x. 702 Their blacke skinnes, white eyes, and cauterised markes seem to conspire a dreadfull and gastly deformitie in their faces.

1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (1662) i. vii. 104 All things..with us conspire the high praises of our great Deliverer.

1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 114 All which conspire the restitution of the integrity of health.

6. It occurs with some reference to the etymological sense ‘breathe or blow together’, though scarcely as an independent meaning.

ΚΠ

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 23 Saule ys my name..whych conspyreth the dyscyplys with thretes and menaces [cf. Acts ix. 1].

1861 ‘N. Temple’ & ‘E. Trevor’ Tannhäuser 74 The buffeting gusts..conspire Conflicting breaths.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	conspire
释义	conspirev. Brit. /kənˈspʌɪə/, U.S. /kənˈspaɪ(ə)r/ Etymology: < French conspire-r (15th cent. in Littré) (= Provençal cospirar, Spanish conspirar, Italian conspirare), < Latin conspīrāre lit. ‘to breathe together’, whence, ‘to accord, harmonize, agree, combine or unite in a purpose, plot mischief together secretly’. 1. a. intransitive. To combine privily for an evil or unlawful purpose; to agree together to do something criminal, illegal, or reprehensible (esp. to commit treason or murder, excite sedition, etc.); to plot. Const. with, against, to do something, †that. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > agree, harmonize, or be congruous with [verb (transitive)] conspirec1384 accorda1393 to stand with ——c1449 to sit with ——a1500 correspond1545 resound1575 square1583 quader1588 to comport with1591 sympathize1594 beset1597 range1600 even1602 consort1607 to run with ——1614 countenancea1616 hita1616 sympathy1615 filea1625 quadrate?1630 consist1638 commensurate1643 commensure1654 to strike in1704 jig1838 harmonize1852 chime in with1861 equate1934 to tie in1938 to tune in1938 to tie up1958 the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot (a purpose) or hatch (a plot [verb (transitive)] compass1297 procurec1300 purchasec1300 contrivec1330 conspirec1384 brewc1386 awaitc1400 surmise1509 devisec1515 practise1531 machinate1537 forge1547 hatch1565 plot1589 pack1590 appost1602 feign1690 intrigue1747 scheme1767 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > collusion, intrigue > conspire, intrigue [verb (intransitive)] conspirec1384 insidiate1627 collogue1646 intriguea1714 crayfish1930 fiddle1938 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John ix. 22 The Jewis hadden conspirid, that if ony man knowlechide him Crist, he schulde be don out of the synagoge. c1386 G. Chaucer Prioress's Tale 113 The Iewes have conspired This innocent out of this world to enchace. ?a1400 Chester Pl. (Shaks. Soc.) II. 12 Syr Cayphas & his companye Conspirne Jesus to anoye. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ii. f. v^v Brute founde many Troyanes..with the which he conspyred. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. FFii Whiche confedered togider, hath conspyred to distroy our soules. 1602 S. Rowlands Greenes Ghost 32 They conspired how to make a breach in his pocket. 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xxxvii. 18 They conspired against him, to slay him. View more context for this quotation 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 892 An impious crew Of men conspiring to uphold thir state By worse then hostile deeds. View more context for this quotation 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iii. 94 When kingly power conspired with papal craft To plot and perpetrate that massacre. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. ii. ii. 112 Princes conspire against me. †b. Said of a single person (the notion of combination being lost sight of): To plot secretly, contrive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot [verb (intransitive)] subtlec1300 conspire1393 compass1430 malign?a1439 contrivec1440 machine?c1450 forthink1494 pretenda1500 practise1537 pack1568 brigue1580 machinate1602 manage1603 plot1607 tamper1607 faction1609 collogue1646 intriguea1714 to lay a scheme1826 scheme1842 angle1892 wheel and deal1961 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 232 Within his herte he gan conspire. c1500 Lyfe Roberte Deuyll 612 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 243 Thus then he conspyred in hys wyll, One after another for to kyll. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets x. sig. B3 For thou art so possest with murdrous hate, That gainst thy selfe thou stickst not to conspire. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. i. 60 But to bee Menelaus I would conspire against desteny. View more context for this quotation 2. transitive. To plot, plan, devise, contrive (a criminal, evil, or hostile action). a. with the end or purpose as object. ΚΠ 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. xi. 19 Þat conterfeteþ disseites and Conspiret wronges. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 423 Dauid þat Vries deth conspired. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. lxiii. f. xxiii The Countree waxed wery of hym & conspyrid his deth. 1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres iv. i. sig. S4 Whilst thou victorious Henry didst conspire The wracke of Fraunce. 1681 E. Sclater Serm. Putney 17 That conspire the subversion of Throne and Altar. 1726 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xvi. 464 Thus smooth he ended, yet his death conspir'd. 1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. iv. 220 Your fall and mine alike do they conspire. b. with the action as object. ΚΠ 1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 34 Preamb. By dyvers feetis betwen theym conseyved and conspired. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin i. 8 Conspire against him many daungerous enterprises. 1857 S. Osborn Quedah ii. 23 The present attack had been patiently conspired and prearranged at Malacca. †c. passive with clause. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 81 Sinon, whiche made was here espie Withinne Troie, as was conspired. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 486 Yt ys conspyryd to reward thy falsnes. 3. a. intransitive. To combine in action or aim; to act in purposive combination, union, or harmony. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > operate [verb (intransitive)] > together conspirea1538 concur1559 co-operate1604 co-work1613 co-ordinate1863 synergize1863 coacta1877 society > society and the community > social relations > co-operation > co-operate [verb (intransitive)] conjoin1532 conspirea1538 concurc1550 co-operate1604 coadjute1612 coacta1616 to jump in quilla1616 co-operate1616 co-opere1663 to pull together1772 rally1792 to row in1861 collaborate1871 to play ball (with)1903 to play along1929 play1937 a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 13 The cyvyle lyfe ys a polytyke ordur of men conspyryng togyddur in vertue & honesty. 1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 264 The..Stoure,..assisted with other streames that conspire with it. 1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 350 Therefore must your labour conspire with my inventions. a1711 T. Ken Hymns for Festivals in Wks. (1721) I. 383 How God's converting Calls conspire With our Free-Wills, fond Men enquire? a1763 J. Byrom Christians Awake! iii Th' angelic choir In songs of joy before unknown conspire. 1829 K. H. Digby Broad Stone of Honour: Godefridus xxi. 251 When we reflect..upon the jarring interests which are to be made to conspire. 1869 J. Tyndall Notes 9 Lect. on Light §479 The waves conspire or oppose each other according as their vibrations are in the same phase or in opposite phases. b. To combine, concur, co-operate as by intention (so as to effect a certain result).It ranges from what is explicitly figurative of 1 to a sense quite distinct from it. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (intransitive)] > in action or causation conjoin1532 concur1559 conspire?1578 ?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 57 Consider, hoow fully the Gods (az it seemed) had conspyred..too bestow theyr influencez & gyfts vpon her coourt. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxiii. 204 The Writers..conspire to one and the same end, which is setting forth of the Rights of the Kingdome of God. 1670 J. Dryden Tyrannick Love Ded. sig. A3^v All the advantages of Mind and Body, and an Illustrious Birth, conspiring to render you an extraordinary Person. 1678 R. Cudworth tr. Onatus in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 397 The Singers and Dancers could not conspire together into one Dance and Harmony, were they destitute of a Coryphæus. a1711 T. Ken Divine Love in Wks. (1838) 230 Thou dost..dispose all things..to conspire in thy glory. 1713 J. Addison in Guardian 15 Aug. 2/1 All things conspire to make his Sick Bed grievous and uneasie. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xx. 250 All things conspired to give her the sense of freedom and solitude. c. To combine as factors in (a product). poetic. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (intransitive)] > as factors conspire1723 1723 R. Blackmore Alfred viii. 292 In their first Offspring blended shall conspire The Mother's Sweetness and the Father's Fire. 1888 J. W. Burgon Lives Twelve Good Men II. v. 1 In [him]..there conspired certain personal gifts of an altogether unique order. †4. To concur or agree in spirit, sentiment, sense, tenor, testimony, assertion, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > be in agreement [verb (intransitive)] accord1340 cordc1380 to be condescendedc1386 to be consentedc1386 consenta1400 intend1421 onec1450 drawc1480 to be of (also in) one (or a) mind?1496 agreea1513 gree?a1513 to draw by one string1558 conspire1579 to meet witha1586 conclude1586 condog1592 consign1600 hit1608 centre1652 to be of (another's) mind1717 to go all the way (also the whole way) with1829 to sing the same song1846 1579 E. K. in E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Oct. 21 Gloss. This place seemeth to conspyre with Plato. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. i. §9. 197 The Apostle..doth fully conspire and agree with the Prophet. 1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 85 All these Accounts, conspiring so together, seem to make the thing certain. 1725 A. Pope Corr. 10 Oct. (1956) II. 330 I conspire in your Sentiments..wish for your Company. 1734 W. Whiston tr. in Six Diss. i. 16 Josephus..conspires in his Testimony with what is written in the Gospels. †5. transitive. To unite in producing; to concur to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > cause to operate [verb (transitive)] > operate together to produce conspire1614 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (transitive)] > combine in producing conspire1614 1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) vii. x. 702 Their blacke skinnes, white eyes, and cauterised markes seem to conspire a dreadfull and gastly deformitie in their faces. 1650 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (1662) i. vii. 104 All things..with us conspire the high praises of our great Deliverer. 1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 114 All which conspire the restitution of the integrity of health. 6. It occurs with some reference to the etymological sense ‘breathe or blow together’, though scarcely as an independent meaning. ΚΠ c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) ii. 23 Saule ys my name..whych conspyreth the dyscyplys with thretes and menaces [cf. Acts ix. 1]. 1861 ‘N. Temple’ & ‘E. Trevor’ Tannhäuser 74 The buffeting gusts..conspire Conflicting breaths. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1362
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