† controversaladj.

Forms: 1600s controuersall, 1600s controversall, 1600s–1700s controversal.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin contrōversus , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < classical Latin contrōversus turned against, controverted, disputed (see controversed adj.) + -al suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin controversalis (5th cent.). Compare earlier controversial adj.Controversal and controversally are frequently attested in later sources, where they probably show typographical errors for controversial adj. and controversially adv. respectively. Compare e.g.:1759 Universal Prayer-bk. 215 If thou hast a competent knowledge of..this ordinance, it is sufficient, though thou art not able to dispute controversal points.1821 Relig. Intelligencer (New-Haven, Conn.) 25 Aug. 201/1 I also read many controversal works of different denominations of christians, and heard them dispute on their peculiar tenets.1911 New Shakespeareana 10 79 Gives the student..an arsenal of arguments for controversy, should he be controversally inclined.2000 Micropaleontology 46 21/1 This allows a revision of controversal taxonomic issues that cannot be solved with morphological data alone.It is possible that some pre-1700 instances may likewise show such misprints.

Obsolete.

1. Giving rise to controversy; contentious; = controversial adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > questionable state or quality > [adjective]

openlOE

doubtousc1330

uncertain1338

doubtyc1380

brigousa1387

doubtablec1400

doubtfula1425

questionable1443

batable1453

strivablec1456

inquirable1485

litigious1520

doubtsomea1522

disputable1548

dubious1548

doubted?1551

moot1563

problematical1567

discussiblea1578

debatable1581

controversial1583

disputativea1586

debateful1587

decidable1596

controversible1601

controvertible1601

controversal1604

controversable1607

problematic1609

controversary1610

left-handed1610

disputed1611

dubitable1625

quarrellable1642

catchinga1670

non liquet1678

brigose1679

contestable1702

equivocala1797

controversional1807

contradictable1856

discutable1868

hinky1961

1604 J. Downham Christian Warfare i. xxii. 115 The questions and causes controuersall betweene vs and Sathan, are not about our owne..righteousnes..: but concerning Christs righteousnes.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 8 The iudgment of the most controuersall matters was committed by God to the Priests.

a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 92 Their Countrie, from whence they came, is as controversall, and incertaine.

2. Polemical; = controversial adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [adjective]

controversious1548

argumentable1588

argumental1595

warlikea1603

controversary1610

polemic1614

polemical1615

eristical1624

controversal1634

eristic1637

controversial1638

argumentative1647

agonisticala1652

agonistic1656

disputatious1660

controvertistical1707

gladiatorial1813

conversional1861

voiceful1879

challengeful1903

1634 S. Birckbek Protestants Evid. Ep. Ded. sig. A3^v It is a Controversall Treatise.

1680 R. Baxter Moral Prognostication ii. xliii. 60 Abundance of Controversal Writings.

1697 D. Defoe Char. Dr. S. Annesley Pref. sig. Bij Some excel in Polemical Divinity, some in Controversal.

3. Engaging in controversy; disputatious; = controversial adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [adjective] > engaging in controversy, disputatious

unpeaceablec1384

disputative1579

disputablea1616

disputeful1631

controversial1638

controversal1641

obstreperous1641

contradictive1643

disputing1645

controverting1646

chop-logicala1652

disputatious1660

argumentative1667

argumentive1668

disputant1671

contradictiousa1677

disceptatious1682

obstropolous1727

disceptatorial1821

contradictory1891

backtalking1938

1641 J. Dury Mem. Peace Ecclesiasticall 2 The dangers whereunto the Professors of the Gospel are brought, through the..implacable animosity of some of their..controversall Writers.

1653 R. Baxter Right Method Settled Peace 130 Not so common a thing as some controversal Doctors..take it to be.

1657 R. Baxter Acct. Present Thoughts 25 A hundred other controversall men.

4. Turned or looking in opposite directions. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [adjective] > having opposite direction

opposite1594

contrary1605

contrariant1644

controversal1644

countercurrent1799

1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 35 The Temple of Janus with his two controversal faces.

Derivatives

controversally adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [adverb]

disputatively1588

wranglingly1611

contradictiously1615

controversallya1626

controversiallya1639

polemically1653

agonistically1861

disputatiously1864

argumentatively1876

a1626 L. Andrewes Morall Law Expounded (1642) 69 He spake many things controversally; in his vehemency of disputation against the heretickes of his time,..which he would not defend determinatively.

1646 A. Burgess Vindiciæ Legis vi. 56 It is my intent..to handle the whole theology of the Law of God..positively, controversally, and practically.

1672 W. Penn Spirit of Truth Vindicated 39 Those who trade either Ministerially or Controversally with them.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	controversal
释义	† controversaladj. Forms: 1600s controuersall, 1600s controversall, 1600s–1700s controversal. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin contrōversus , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < classical Latin contrōversus turned against, controverted, disputed (see controversed adj.) + -al suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin controversalis (5th cent.). Compare earlier controversial adj.Controversal and controversally are frequently attested in later sources, where they probably show typographical errors for controversial adj. and controversially adv. respectively. Compare e.g.:1759 Universal Prayer-bk. 215 If thou hast a competent knowledge of..this ordinance, it is sufficient, though thou art not able to dispute controversal points.1821 Relig. Intelligencer (New-Haven, Conn.) 25 Aug. 201/1 I also read many controversal works of different denominations of christians, and heard them dispute on their peculiar tenets.1911 New Shakespeareana 10 79 Gives the student..an arsenal of arguments for controversy, should he be controversally inclined.2000 Micropaleontology 46 21/1 This allows a revision of controversal taxonomic issues that cannot be solved with morphological data alone.It is possible that some pre-1700 instances may likewise show such misprints. Obsolete. 1. Giving rise to controversy; contentious; = controversial adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > insecure knowledge, uncertainty > questionable state or quality > [adjective] openlOE doubtousc1330 uncertain1338 doubtyc1380 brigousa1387 doubtablec1400 doubtfula1425 questionable1443 batable1453 strivablec1456 inquirable1485 litigious1520 doubtsomea1522 disputable1548 dubious1548 doubted?1551 moot1563 problematical1567 discussiblea1578 debatable1581 controversial1583 disputativea1586 debateful1587 decidable1596 controversible1601 controvertible1601 controversal1604 controversable1607 problematic1609 controversary1610 left-handed1610 disputed1611 dubitable1625 quarrellable1642 catchinga1670 non liquet1678 brigose1679 contestable1702 equivocala1797 controversional1807 contradictable1856 discutable1868 hinky1961 1604 J. Downham Christian Warfare i. xxii. 115 The questions and causes controuersall betweene vs and Sathan, are not about our owne..righteousnes..: but concerning Christs righteousnes. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 8 The iudgment of the most controuersall matters was committed by God to the Priests. a1634 W. Austin Devotionis Augustinianæ Flamma (1635) 92 Their Countrie, from whence they came, is as controversall, and incertaine. 2. Polemical; = controversial adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [adjective] controversious1548 argumentable1588 argumental1595 warlikea1603 controversary1610 polemic1614 polemical1615 eristical1624 controversal1634 eristic1637 controversial1638 argumentative1647 agonisticala1652 agonistic1656 disputatious1660 controvertistical1707 gladiatorial1813 conversional1861 voiceful1879 challengeful1903 1634 S. Birckbek Protestants Evid. Ep. Ded. sig. A3^v It is a Controversall Treatise. 1680 R. Baxter Moral Prognostication ii. xliii. 60 Abundance of Controversal Writings. 1697 D. Defoe Char. Dr. S. Annesley Pref. sig. Bij Some excel in Polemical Divinity, some in Controversal. 3. Engaging in controversy; disputatious; = controversial adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [adjective] > engaging in controversy, disputatious unpeaceablec1384 disputative1579 disputablea1616 disputeful1631 controversial1638 controversal1641 obstreperous1641 contradictive1643 disputing1645 controverting1646 chop-logicala1652 disputatious1660 argumentative1667 argumentive1668 disputant1671 contradictiousa1677 disceptatious1682 obstropolous1727 disceptatorial1821 contradictory1891 backtalking1938 1641 J. Dury Mem. Peace Ecclesiasticall 2 The dangers whereunto the Professors of the Gospel are brought, through the..implacable animosity of some of their..controversall Writers. 1653 R. Baxter Right Method Settled Peace 130 Not so common a thing as some controversal Doctors..take it to be. 1657 R. Baxter Acct. Present Thoughts 25 A hundred other controversall men. 4. Turned or looking in opposite directions. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [adjective] > having opposite direction opposite1594 contrary1605 contrariant1644 controversal1644 countercurrent1799 1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 35 The Temple of Janus with his two controversal faces. Derivatives controversally adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [adverb] disputatively1588 wranglingly1611 contradictiously1615 controversallya1626 controversiallya1639 polemically1653 agonistically1861 disputatiously1864 argumentatively1876 a1626 L. Andrewes Morall Law Expounded (1642) 69 He spake many things controversally; in his vehemency of disputation against the heretickes of his time,..which he would not defend determinatively. 1646 A. Burgess Vindiciæ Legis vi. 56 It is my intent..to handle the whole theology of the Law of God..positively, controversally, and practically. 1672 W. Penn Spirit of Truth Vindicated 39 Those who trade either Ministerially or Controversally with them. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < adj.1604
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