contrapositionn.

/ˌkɒntrəpəˈzɪʃən/

Etymology: < Latin contrāpositiōn-em (Boethius), noun of action from contrāpōnĕre to contrapone v.

1. A placing over against; antithesis, opposition, contrast. in contraposition to (or with).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun]

riot?c1225

contrariositya1340

contrarietyc1380

contrariness1398

contrariousness1398

repugnance?a1425

contrariancec1450

oppositiona1500

contraposition1581

countermatching1587

counterposition1594

antipathy1601

antistrophe1605

thwarting1609

contrariancya1617

antithesis1631

contrast1731

contrastiveness1949

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > contrast > [noun]

contention1530

contraposition1581

counterposition1594

syncrisis1656

contrast1731

counterview1738

contrastment1823

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 332 A figure called contraposition betwixt the decrees of God and the Popes.

1642 F. Potter Interpr. 666 xiv. 91 To shew how exact, and exquisite an Antythesis and Contra-position there is between the Apostles, and Cardinalls.

1730 A. Bower Historia Litteraria (1731) 1 No. 2. 150 'Tis called the new Covenant, in Contraposition to that which our first Parents violated.

1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii.vi. 485 Placed in contraposition with the Spartan on one side, and with the Helot on the other.

1852 Fraser's Mag. 46 219 He lauds, in contraposition to this single man, the greatness of Rome.

2. Logic. A mode of conversion in which from a given proposition we infer another proposition having the contradictory of the original predicate for its subject; thus ‘All S is P’ by contraposition gives ‘All not-P is not-S’ or ‘No not-P is S’. (Sometimes also called Conversion by Negation.) Applied also to a similar conversion of the antecedent and consequent of a hypothetical proposition.The definition varies with logicians according to the form in which they state the contrapositive proposition. The quality of the proposition is changed in the one form, and remains unchanged in the other. With Boethius and the earlier logicians the quality remained unchanged. Cf. Boethius De Syll. Cat. Wks. (ed. Migne) 804 Est enim per contrapositionem conversio, ut si dicas omnis homo animal est, omne non animal non homo est.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > conversion of a proposition > [noun] > types of

contraposition1551

conversion per accidens1599

infinitation1652

transversion1890

1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Fiiij A Conuersion by contraposition, is when the former part of the sentence is turned into the last rehersed parte, and the last rehersed part, turned into the former parte of the sentence, both the propositions being vniuersall, and affirmatiue, sauyng that in the second Proposition there be certaine negatiues enterlaced.

1630 W. Bedell Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. clxi. 440 A false and absurd Contraposition.

1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic iv. §3 Converting the major by contraposition.

1845 R. Whately Elem. Logic (1872) 36.

1869 Fowler Ded. Logic (ed. 3) 78 The O proposition, when permuted from ‘Some X is not Y’ into ‘Some X is not-Y’, may of course be converted into ‘Some not-Y is X’. This combination of permutation and conversion is..styled ‘Conversion by Contra-Position or Negation’.

1871 T. M. Lindsay tr. F. Ueberweg Syst. Logic 319 No conclusion follows by Contraposition from the particular affirmative judgment.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	contraposition
释义	contrapositionn. /ˌkɒntrəpəˈzɪʃən/ Etymology: < Latin contrāpositiōn-em (Boethius), noun of action from contrāpōnĕre to contrapone v. 1. A placing over against; antithesis, opposition, contrast. in contraposition to (or with). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] riot?c1225 contrariositya1340 contrarietyc1380 contrariness1398 contrariousness1398 repugnance?a1425 contrariancec1450 oppositiona1500 contraposition1581 countermatching1587 counterposition1594 antipathy1601 antistrophe1605 thwarting1609 contrariancya1617 antithesis1631 contrast1731 contrastiveness1949 the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > contrast > [noun] contention1530 contraposition1581 counterposition1594 syncrisis1656 contrast1731 counterview1738 contrastment1823 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 332 A figure called contraposition betwixt the decrees of God and the Popes. 1642 F. Potter Interpr. 666 xiv. 91 To shew how exact, and exquisite an Antythesis and Contra-position there is between the Apostles, and Cardinalls. 1730 A. Bower Historia Litteraria (1731) 1 No. 2. 150 'Tis called the new Covenant, in Contraposition to that which our first Parents violated. 1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii.vi. 485 Placed in contraposition with the Spartan on one side, and with the Helot on the other. 1852 Fraser's Mag. 46 219 He lauds, in contraposition to this single man, the greatness of Rome. 2. Logic. A mode of conversion in which from a given proposition we infer another proposition having the contradictory of the original predicate for its subject; thus ‘All S is P’ by contraposition gives ‘All not-P is not-S’ or ‘No not-P is S’. (Sometimes also called Conversion by Negation.) Applied also to a similar conversion of the antecedent and consequent of a hypothetical proposition.The definition varies with logicians according to the form in which they state the contrapositive proposition. The quality of the proposition is changed in the one form, and remains unchanged in the other. With Boethius and the earlier logicians the quality remained unchanged. Cf. Boethius De Syll. Cat. Wks. (ed. Migne) 804 Est enim per contrapositionem conversio, ut si dicas omnis homo animal est, omne non animal non homo est. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > conversion of a proposition > [noun] > types of contraposition1551 conversion per accidens1599 infinitation1652 transversion1890 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Fiiij A Conuersion by contraposition, is when the former part of the sentence is turned into the last rehersed parte, and the last rehersed part, turned into the former parte of the sentence, both the propositions being vniuersall, and affirmatiue, sauyng that in the second Proposition there be certaine negatiues enterlaced. 1630 W. Bedell Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. clxi. 440 A false and absurd Contraposition. 1788 T. Reid Aristotle's Logic iv. §3 Converting the major by contraposition. 1845 R. Whately Elem. Logic (1872) 36. 1869 Fowler Ded. Logic (ed. 3) 78 The O proposition, when permuted from ‘Some X is not Y’ into ‘Some X is not-Y’, may of course be converted into ‘Some not-Y is X’. This combination of permutation and conversion is..styled ‘Conversion by Contra-Position or Negation’. 1871 T. M. Lindsay tr. F. Ueberweg Syst. Logic 319 No conclusion follows by Contraposition from the particular affirmative judgment. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1551
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