-osesuffix¹

In modern use, primary stress is commonly retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element; see e.g. papillose adj.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin -ōsus.

Etymology: < classical Latin -ōsus full of, abounding in (in e.g. annōsus full of years, clāmōsus screaming, cōpiōsus rich, pecūniōsus moneyed, religiōsus scrupulous).As a living suffix classical Latin -ōsus was reflected in Old French as -os , -us , later in Old French, Middle French and French as -eus , -eux , Anglo-Norman -ous and English -ous -ous suffix, which survives with the pronunciation /əs/. From the 15th cent. onwards words in -ous were commonly altered to -ose after Latin, as seen in such forms as gloriose (variant of glorious adj.), maliciose (variant of malicious adj.), pompose (variant of pompous adj.), virtuose (variant of virtuous adj. and n.). None of these displaced the earlier forms in -ous , but from the 15th to the 18th centuries numerous words formed directly from Latin are found, as bellicose adj., globose adj. (15th cent.), morose adj.¹ (16th cent.), jocose adj., verbose adj. and adv. (17th cent.), otiose adj., pilose adj. (18th cent.). English formations on classical or English first elements are found from the 17th cent., e.g. leguminose adj. (17th cent.), comatose adj., lamellose adj. (18th cent.), cirrose adj., mammillose adj., nodulose adj. (19th cent.). A large number of both groups are scientific and technical formations, chiefly from the 19th cent. It is notable how many of them have been relatively rare or short-lived. Many have parallel formations in -ous (the latter being usually the more common), e.g. mucose adj. besides mucous adj., muscose adj. besides muscous adj. Nouns of state from these adjectives, as from those in -ous , end in -osity (as e.g. globosity n., verbosity n.). Originally these words have the stress on the suffix (as e.g. joˈcose jocose adj., moˈrose morose adj.¹), but this is not always maintained in more recent usage, especially in words of more than two syllables (as e.g. comatose adj., fibrillose adj., mammillose adj.). The traditional pronunciation has /s/, but /z/ is frequently heard in the commoner words of this type, especially where the stress is not on the termination.

Forming adjectives from nouns, with the sense ‘full of or abounding in (the quality denoted by the initial element)’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2019).

-osesuffix²

Primary stress is generally retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element.

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: glucose n.

Etymology: < -ose (in glucose n.).Most of the earlier formations in -ose are borrowings from French. The earliest of these is glucose (1838: see glucose n.), which is apparently an adaptation to French style of ancient Greek γλεῦκος ‘must, sweet wine, sweetness’ (with -ose representing -ος ). The same ending was given to cellulose (1839), apparently simply to match glucose . The actual author of glucose , and presumably also of cellulose , appears to have been Dumas, the rapporteur of the committees of the Académie des Sciences. The ending -ose was soon freely extended to other formations in French, German, English, and other languages (in some cases the language of coinage is uncertain). Early examples in English (from French and German) include lactose n., melitose n. (1850s), dextrose n., laevulose n., maltose n., sucrose n. (1860s). The termination is combined with first elements of ancient Greek, classical Latin, French, English, and other origins, denoting variously the organism, tissue, product, or compound in which the substance was found or its properties or structure.

Chemistry.

Categories »

Used to form the names of sugars and other carbohydrates, as cellulose n., dextrose n., galactose n., lactose n., laevulose n., ribose n., saccharose n., etc., and also classes of sugars, as aldose n., furanose n., hexose n., etc.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	-ose
释义	-osesuffix¹ In modern use, primary stress is commonly retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element; see e.g. papillose adj. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin -ōsus. Etymology: < classical Latin -ōsus full of, abounding in (in e.g. annōsus full of years, clāmōsus screaming, cōpiōsus rich, pecūniōsus moneyed, religiōsus scrupulous).As a living suffix classical Latin -ōsus was reflected in Old French as -os , -us , later in Old French, Middle French and French as -eus , -eux , Anglo-Norman -ous and English -ous -ous suffix, which survives with the pronunciation /əs/. From the 15th cent. onwards words in -ous were commonly altered to -ose after Latin, as seen in such forms as gloriose (variant of glorious adj.), maliciose (variant of malicious adj.), pompose (variant of pompous adj.), virtuose (variant of virtuous adj. and n.). None of these displaced the earlier forms in -ous , but from the 15th to the 18th centuries numerous words formed directly from Latin are found, as bellicose adj., globose adj. (15th cent.), morose adj.¹ (16th cent.), jocose adj., verbose adj. and adv. (17th cent.), otiose adj., pilose adj. (18th cent.). English formations on classical or English first elements are found from the 17th cent., e.g. leguminose adj. (17th cent.), comatose adj., lamellose adj. (18th cent.), cirrose adj., mammillose adj., nodulose adj. (19th cent.). A large number of both groups are scientific and technical formations, chiefly from the 19th cent. It is notable how many of them have been relatively rare or short-lived. Many have parallel formations in -ous (the latter being usually the more common), e.g. mucose adj. besides mucous adj., muscose adj. besides muscous adj. Nouns of state from these adjectives, as from those in -ous , end in -osity (as e.g. globosity n., verbosity n.). Originally these words have the stress on the suffix (as e.g. joˈcose jocose adj., moˈrose morose adj.¹), but this is not always maintained in more recent usage, especially in words of more than two syllables (as e.g. comatose adj., fibrillose adj., mammillose adj.). The traditional pronunciation has /s/, but /z/ is frequently heard in the commoner words of this type, especially where the stress is not on the termination. Forming adjectives from nouns, with the sense ‘full of or abounding in (the quality denoted by the initial element)’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2019). -osesuffix² Primary stress is generally retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element. Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: glucose n. Etymology: < -ose (in glucose n.).Most of the earlier formations in -ose are borrowings from French. The earliest of these is glucose (1838: see glucose n.), which is apparently an adaptation to French style of ancient Greek γλεῦκος ‘must, sweet wine, sweetness’ (with -ose representing -ος ). The same ending was given to cellulose (1839), apparently simply to match glucose . The actual author of glucose , and presumably also of cellulose , appears to have been Dumas, the rapporteur of the committees of the Académie des Sciences. The ending -ose was soon freely extended to other formations in French, German, English, and other languages (in some cases the language of coinage is uncertain). Early examples in English (from French and German) include lactose n., melitose n. (1850s), dextrose n., laevulose n., maltose n., sucrose n. (1860s). The termination is combined with first elements of ancient Greek, classical Latin, French, English, and other origins, denoting variously the organism, tissue, product, or compound in which the substance was found or its properties or structure. Chemistry. Categories » Used to form the names of sugars and other carbohydrates, as cellulose n., dextrose n., galactose n., lactose n., laevulose n., ribose n., saccharose n., etc., and also classes of sugars, as aldose n., furanose n., hexose n., etc. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < suffix¹suffix²
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-osesuffix1

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-osesuffix¹

-osesuffix²