单词 | concave |
释义 | concaven. a. A hollow; a cavity. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > hollowness > [noun] > a cavity or hollow hollowc897 wombOE holkc1000 dalkc1325 hollownessc1374 spaciosity?a1425 pitc1480 concavitya1513 doupa1522 capacity?1541 cavity?1541 concave?1541 vacuation?1541 vacuity?1541 sound1603 cave1605 ferme1612 ventriclea1631 core1663 want1664 uterus1692 excavation1781 hog trough1807 ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Lj In the fyrste concaue is receyued the roundnes of Cohas aforesayd. a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. E Bred in the concaue of some monstrous rocke. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. E3v I will warble to the delicious concaue of my Mistresse eare. 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Wj [Miners] in the Bowels and Concaves of the Earth. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision I. ix. 35 Doth ever any Into this rueful concave's extreme depth Descend? ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > bore cylinder?a1560 bore1572 concave1595 concavity1669 1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres v. liii. sig. Cc2 They mineralls combustible doe finde, Which in stoppt concaues placed cunningly They fire. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. xiv. 65 The Sillinder or Concaue..is the bore of the Peece. 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 52 Then put into the two concaves a round Bullet, that will just fill them both. c. A concave part of a machine, as of a thresher. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > [noun] > of specific shape cheek1487 ward1599 screw worm1648 ball1675 swan-neck1686 cone1832 goose-neck1843 spider1860 concave1874 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 604/2 The example shows a concave in which each slat rests upon a spring, and the grain escapes through the intervening spaces. 2. a. A concave surface, or the structure presenting it; a vault, arch, hemisphere, etc., as viewed from the centre; often applied to the vault of the sky. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > [noun] > concavity > a concave surface hollowc897 concavity1483 concave1554 belly1607 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 6247 in Wks. (1931) I All dede thyngis corporall, Onder the Concaue of the Heuin Impyre. 16.. J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 127 The inside, or concave, is covered with most exquisite Mosaic. 1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) 191 All to the very concave [i.e. ‘sphere’] of the Moon. 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements iii. 56 Those lines that fall on the concave of the circumference. 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab i. 12 The chariot's way Lay through the midst of an immense concave. 1870 R. A. Proctor Other Worlds than Ours ii. 45 Every single star that shines upon us from the celestial concave. b. spec. The vault of heaven. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [noun] roofeOE welkinc825 heaveneOE heightOE heavenOE liftOE loftOE welkin1122 skies?a1289 firmamentc1290 skewa1300 spherea1300 skewsc1320 hemispherec1374 cope of heavenc1380 clouda1400 skya1425 elementc1485 axle-treea1522 scrowc1540 pole1572 horizona1577 vaulta1586 round?1593 the cope1596 pend1599 floor1600 canopy1604 cope1609 expansion1611 concameration1625 convex1627 concave1635 expansum1635 blue1647 the expanse1667 blue blanket1726 empyrean1727 carry1788 span1803 overhead1865 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iv. §2. 76 On high within the concave, as are the fowls and starres. 1770 E. Nicklin in Monthly Rev. 406 Loud clamour rising rends the vast concave. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad x. 376 Let..all the concave flame in one clear sun. 1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 21 Around me spreads the blue concave. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > lens > [noun] > other lenses concave1632 globe1653 meniscus1693 hemispherule1696 convex1705 omphaloptic1728 omphalopter1738 crown lens1764 achromatic1785 condenser1798 meniscus lens1820 Fresnel lens1835 bull's-eye1839 Stanhope lens1850 spot lens1860 amplifier1866 achromat1873 projectora1884 aplanat1890 triplet condenser1892 Aldis lens1902 monocentric1922 Schmidt correcting plate1934 coated lens1948 Panavision1955 Schmidt correcting lens1961 re-imaging1962 1632 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy (ed. 4) ii. ii. iv. 281 To represent solid bodies by Cylinders and Concaues, to walke in the aire. 1685 R. Boyle Ess. Effects of Motion viii. 96 An expert Artificer, that made metalline Concaves. 1797 H. Brougham in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 87 377 Glass concaves were freer from these hairs. 4. A card prepared for cheating by being cut slightly concave on two edges: cf. quot. 1873. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card-sharping or cheating > [noun] > card or cards bum-cardc1555 key card1805 concave1825 strippers1843 convex1874 reader1887 stacked deck1964 1825 C. M. Westmacott Eng. Spy I. 271 Every leg and Greek who play the concave suit. 1873 Slang Dict. Concaves and convexes, a pack of cards contrived for cheating, by cutting all the cards from the two to the seven concave, and all from the eight to the king convex. Then by cutting the pack breadthwise a convex card is cut, and by cutting it lengthwise a concave is secured. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). concaveadj.ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > [adjective] > concave hollc1000 hollowa1250 denteda1398 concaved?1541 saddle-backed1545 vaulty1545 concave?a1560 sinuated1578 inboweda1586 inbowing1603 inwinding1610 hollowed1613 crusy1625 simous1634 invex1688 scooped1726 depressed1753 hollowed-out1755 scooping1821 shell1823 welled1848 concaving1871 incaved- the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > hollowness > [adjective] hollc1000 hollowa1250 hollowyc1400 howea1500 kosche1513 cave1540 boss1553 concave?a1560 concavous1578 unkernelled1584 void1597 wombya1616 cavous1698 cavernous1830 cavitary1861 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xxx. sig. Iiv The concaue Cylinders. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iv. 23 I doe thinke him as concaue as a couered goblet, or a Worme-eaten nut. View more context for this quotation 1659 T. Willsford Architectonice 24 A concave vessel containing a cubical yard. 2. a. Having the outline or surface curved like the interior of a circle or sphere; having a curvature that presents a hollow to the point of observation; the reverse of convex; incurvated. ΚΠ 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. i. f. 127v The vpper part of such vault is said to be conuex, and ye inward part concaue. 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iii. xix. 207 If two straight converging lines..fall upon the concave circumference of a circle. 1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xii. 101 It will..appear concave like a bason. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 39 The screw cut by a tap is called an inside or concave screw. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 72 The grinding surface of the under [mill-] stone is a little convex..and that of the upper stone a little concave. 1880 A. Günther Introd. Study of Fishes 51 The vertebra..with a concave anterior and posterior surface. b. esp. used of glasses, lenses, mirrors, etc., made in this form for optical purposes. ΚΠ ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. vi. sig. Ciij v Playne conuese or concaue glasses. a1679 T. Hobbes Seven Philos. Probl. (1682) iv. 33 How comes the Light of the Sun to burn almost any combustible matter by refraction through a convex glass, and by reflection from a concave? 1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic iv. 61 The concave mirror is the staple instrument of the magician's cabinet. 1869 J. Tyndall Notes 9 Lect. on Light §156 Double concave, with both surfaces concave. Plano-concave, with one surface plane and the other concave. 1879 T. Bryant Man. Pract. Surg. (ed. 3) I. viii. 301 Until we have found the weakest concave lens with which distant letters can be most plainly seen. Compounds C1. concave-planned adj. ΚΠ a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 84 A rudimental relic of the concave-planned abacus. C2. concave-plane n. a plane with a curved sole, used for smoothing concave surfaces. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > plane > [noun] > for curved surfaces spokeshave1510 hollow-plane1678 round1793 fork-staff-plane1815 howel1846 compass-plane1849 spout plane1855 concave-plane1874 hoop-shave1885 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 604/2 Concave Plane, a compass-plane for smoothing curved surfaces. Draft additions 1993 Mathematics. Of a plane figure, a solid, a set (of points), etc.: not convex (convex adj. and n. Additions). Of a function: such that its negative is convex. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [adjective] > geometrical property acentric1831 orientated1857 convex1858 unicursal1866 oriented1875 dual1910 concave1942 traceless1966 the world > relative properties > number > algebra > [adjective] > relating to expressions > relating to functions generating1671 exponential1704 discontinuous1803 functional1806 odd1812 periodic1820 syzygetic1850 convex1858 graphometric1865 polycyclic1869 subrational1875 synectic1876 variational1879 polyhedral1881 holomorphic1886 tropical1887 Gudermannian1888 monogeneous1888 monotonous1890 oscillating1893 monotonic1901 monotone1903 orthogonalized1909 schlicht1925 concave1942 deconvolved1974 unate1978 1942 G. James & R. C. James Math. Dict. 41/1 An arc of a curve is concave toward a point (or line) if every segment of the arc cut off by a secant lies on the opposite side of the secant from the point (or line). 1974 Adby & Dempster Introd. Optimization Methods i. 10 The function f is concave if -f is convex. 1986 Oxf. Econ. Papers July 344 The production functions are concave and homogeneous of degree one. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). concavev. transitive. To make concave; †to vault, arch over or round. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > form curved surface [verb (transitive)] > like vault or dome > over something concave1652 overbower1807 the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > form curved surface [verb (transitive)] > make concave hollowc1450 incavate1727 to jaw away1802 dish1805 concave1818 saucer1855 spoon1897 cup1909 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila x. lxvi. 187 Pride concav'd Satans Hall. 1795 A. Seward Let. 16 Nov. (1811) IV. 118 That western bay [Cardigan] concaved by vast mountains. 1818 J. Brown Psyche 15 A smile (tho' none for sundry years Concav'd her cheek) for once appears. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.?1541adj.?a1560v.1652 |
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