computingn.

Brit.

/kəmˈpjuːtɪŋ/, U.S.

/kəmˈpjudɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: compute v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < compute v. + -ing suffix¹.

1. The action or an instance of calculating or counting; = computation n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > [noun] > action of calculating or counting

accountc1300

numberingc1325

telling1340

calculingc1374

countingc1380

accountinga1387

summinga1387

calculation1393

count?a1400

computationc1425

reckoningc1425

numeration?a1475

supputation?a1475

compute1531

calcule1601

summing up1607

computing1629

subduction1656

enumerating1864

headcount1913

1629 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Eight Bks. Peloponnesian Warre v. 332 Neuerthelesse the number of the Lacedæmonians may be attained by computing thus.

1668 J. Glanvill Plus Ultra iii. 23 The Decimal Arithmetick, which avoids the tedious way of computing by Vulgar Fractions in..Sexagenaries in Astronomy.

1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. I. Pref. In mentioning sums of money, I have uniformly followed the Spanish method of computing by pesos.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 658 The computing of time by the Christian æra is introduced by Dionysius the monk.

1810 S. T. Coleridge Notebks. Feb. (1973) III. 3701 Faith..founded on a practical necessity not a mere intellectual craving after knowledge, & systematic computings.

1826 R. Southey Vindiciæ Ecclesiæ Anglicanæ 77 He wrote also upon indigitation, both as an art of computing by the fingers, and of conversing by them.

1911 Z. Grey Young Pitcher xv. 186 An unofficial computing gives him the batting average of .536.

1987 New Scientist 22 Jan. 34 Today, computers do little computing as such outside of specific areas. They are more concerned with manipulative tasks such as word processing.

2. The action or practice of using computers, esp. as a professional or expert; the activity or operation of an electronic computer; (also) = computer science n.In earliest use not easily distinguishable from sense 1: cf. note at computer n. 3.bio-, micro-, personal, supercomputing, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > [noun] > use of computers

computing1946

computerization1958

informatization1984

affective computing1995

cloud computing1996

1946 N.Y. Times 15 Feb. 16/6 A few of the fields that will benefit hugely through electronic computing.

1953 Computers & Automation Dec. 7/2 The cost per hour of useful computing is the total cost of operating the computer for a year divided by the number of hours of useful computing performed during the year.

1968 Times 1 Nov. 23/5 Multi-access computing needs data-links between users and computers.

1984 Sunday Times 9 Dec. 15/2 You don't need the most expensive home computer in the world,..but you do need a thorough knowledge of computing—not just micros but also mainframes.

1994 T. Zeldin Intimate Hist. Humanity (1998) iv. 57 She trained in computing and became the tax authorities' computer troubleshooter.

2004 M. Haag & V. Haag Rough Guide to Da Vinci Code 109 In the world of computing there are at least five ‘languages’ or applications whose acronym is GRAIL.

Compounds

C1. General attributive. In recent use chiefly in sense 2.

ΚΠ

1850 Sci. Amer. 3 Aug. 364/2 (caption) Parmelee's computing machine.

1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1868 I. 621/1 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 52, Pt. 1) X Computing apparatus.

1924 E. T. Whittaker & G. Robinson Calculus of Observ. p. vi The material equipment essential for a student's mathematical laboratory is very simple... It is necessary to provide a stock of computing paper..and a stock of computing forms for practical Fourier analysis.

1942 Science 25 Sept. 295 Surely never before has such an extensive scientific computing laboratory been established.

1955 Sci. Amer. June 92/1 A computing machine capable of solving problems must possess a ‘memory’.

1972 Computers & Humanities 7 89 The formation of campus computing groups around certain common interests such as statistical analysis or data retrieval.

1991 H. Rheingold Virtual Reality i. i. 36 Today, computing speed is measured in MIPS (millions of instructions per second).

1998 P. E. Ceruzzi Hist. Mod. Computing Introd. 4 There is no ‘best’ way to design computing systems or to integrate them into social networks.

2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 3 June e3/2 The program can be set to work by itself in the background, putting splintered files back together as you go about your other computing tasks.

C2.

computing power n. the ability to undertake or be used for computation; computing resources; spec. the ability of a computer to perform work, often considered in terms of the number of instructions that can be carried out in a given time, or with reference to the amount of random access memory present.

ΚΠ

1850 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 353 Whenever, owing to a course of fine weather, to the appearance of a batch of comets, or any other event which produces over-work in the establishment, the reductions fall considerably behind, the astronomer lays on more computing power, by employing certain occasional assistants.

1896 Math. Gaz. 1 5 The recognition of this informing power of Geometry as distinguished from the numerical or computing power of Analysis has in recent years received wide exemplification in the domain of the engineer.

1960 Science 11 Nov. 1353 (advt.) Specifically designed to take advantage of the computing power and flexibility of the proven G-15, ALGO is the newest addition to an extensive library of Bendix automatic programming systems.

1995 Maxim July 45/1 All the computing power in the world couldn't match the skill, nerve and sheer survival instinct in the seat of one man's pants.

2003 P. Todd & J. Bloch Global Issues ii. 51 Under ‘Moore's Law’ the computing power of the average desk-top PC approximately doubles every eighteen months.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	computing
释义	computingn. Brit. /kəmˈpjuːtɪŋ/, U.S. /kəmˈpjudɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: compute v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < compute v. + -ing suffix¹. 1. The action or an instance of calculating or counting; = computation n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > enumeration, reckoning, or calculation > [noun] > action of calculating or counting accountc1300 numberingc1325 telling1340 calculingc1374 countingc1380 accountinga1387 summinga1387 calculation1393 count?a1400 computationc1425 reckoningc1425 numeration?a1475 supputation?a1475 compute1531 calcule1601 summing up1607 computing1629 subduction1656 enumerating1864 headcount1913 1629 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Eight Bks. Peloponnesian Warre v. 332 Neuerthelesse the number of the Lacedæmonians may be attained by computing thus. 1668 J. Glanvill Plus Ultra iii. 23 The Decimal Arithmetick, which avoids the tedious way of computing by Vulgar Fractions in..Sexagenaries in Astronomy. 1777 W. Robertson Hist. Amer. I. Pref. In mentioning sums of money, I have uniformly followed the Spanish method of computing by pesos. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 658 The computing of time by the Christian æra is introduced by Dionysius the monk. 1810 S. T. Coleridge Notebks. Feb. (1973) III. 3701 Faith..founded on a practical necessity not a mere intellectual craving after knowledge, & systematic computings. 1826 R. Southey Vindiciæ Ecclesiæ Anglicanæ 77 He wrote also upon indigitation, both as an art of computing by the fingers, and of conversing by them. 1911 Z. Grey Young Pitcher xv. 186 An unofficial computing gives him the batting average of .536. 1987 New Scientist 22 Jan. 34 Today, computers do little computing as such outside of specific areas. They are more concerned with manipulative tasks such as word processing. 2. The action or practice of using computers, esp. as a professional or expert; the activity or operation of an electronic computer; (also) = computer science n.In earliest use not easily distinguishable from sense 1: cf. note at computer n. 3.bio-, micro-, personal, supercomputing, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > [noun] > use of computers computing1946 computerization1958 informatization1984 affective computing1995 cloud computing1996 1946 N.Y. Times 15 Feb. 16/6 A few of the fields that will benefit hugely through electronic computing. 1953 Computers & Automation Dec. 7/2 The cost per hour of useful computing is the total cost of operating the computer for a year divided by the number of hours of useful computing performed during the year. 1968 Times 1 Nov. 23/5 Multi-access computing needs data-links between users and computers. 1984 Sunday Times 9 Dec. 15/2 You don't need the most expensive home computer in the world,..but you do need a thorough knowledge of computing—not just micros but also mainframes. 1994 T. Zeldin Intimate Hist. Humanity (1998) iv. 57 She trained in computing and became the tax authorities' computer troubleshooter. 2004 M. Haag & V. Haag Rough Guide to Da Vinci Code 109 In the world of computing there are at least five ‘languages’ or applications whose acronym is GRAIL. Compounds C1. General attributive. In recent use chiefly in sense 2. ΚΠ 1850 Sci. Amer. 3 Aug. 364/2 (caption) Parmelee's computing machine. 1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1868 I. 621/1 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 52, Pt. 1) X Computing apparatus. 1924 E. T. Whittaker & G. Robinson Calculus of Observ. p. vi The material equipment essential for a student's mathematical laboratory is very simple... It is necessary to provide a stock of computing paper..and a stock of computing forms for practical Fourier analysis. 1942 Science 25 Sept. 295 Surely never before has such an extensive scientific computing laboratory been established. 1955 Sci. Amer. June 92/1 A computing machine capable of solving problems must possess a ‘memory’. 1972 Computers & Humanities 7 89 The formation of campus computing groups around certain common interests such as statistical analysis or data retrieval. 1991 H. Rheingold Virtual Reality i. i. 36 Today, computing speed is measured in MIPS (millions of instructions per second). 1998 P. E. Ceruzzi Hist. Mod. Computing Introd. 4 There is no ‘best’ way to design computing systems or to integrate them into social networks. 2004 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 3 June e3/2 The program can be set to work by itself in the background, putting splintered files back together as you go about your other computing tasks. C2. computing power n. the ability to undertake or be used for computation; computing resources; spec. the ability of a computer to perform work, often considered in terms of the number of instructions that can be carried out in a given time, or with reference to the amount of random access memory present. ΚΠ 1850 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 353 Whenever, owing to a course of fine weather, to the appearance of a batch of comets, or any other event which produces over-work in the establishment, the reductions fall considerably behind, the astronomer lays on more computing power, by employing certain occasional assistants. 1896 Math. Gaz. 1 5 The recognition of this informing power of Geometry as distinguished from the numerical or computing power of Analysis has in recent years received wide exemplification in the domain of the engineer. 1960 Science 11 Nov. 1353 (advt.) Specifically designed to take advantage of the computing power and flexibility of the proven G-15, ALGO is the newest addition to an extensive library of Bendix automatic programming systems. 1995 Maxim July 45/1 All the computing power in the world couldn't match the skill, nerve and sheer survival instinct in the seat of one man's pants. 2003 P. Todd & J. Bloch Global Issues ii. 51 Under ‘Moore's Law’ the computing power of the average desk-top PC approximately doubles every eighteen months. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1629
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