compactn.¹

Brit.

/ˈkɒmpakt/, U.S.

/ˈkɑmˌpæk(t)/

Etymology: compare Old French compact , Italian compatto (Florio), < Latin compactum a compact, agreement, substantive use of past participle of the verb compacisci to covenant together, < com- + pacisci to covenant, contract; see pact n. Not immediately connected in English or Latin with the following words, though pangĕre and pacĕre, pacisci were related farther back. Originally accented on second syllable (so 6 times out of 7 in Shakespeare), but noted in Phillips 1696 as accented on the first.

a. A covenant or contract made between two or more persons or parties; a mutual agreement or understanding; ‘a mutual and settled appointment between two or more, to do or to forbear something’ (Johnson). It is used without a in phrases, as by, from, with compact; also to strike compact.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > an agreement

forewardOE

accordc1275

covenant1297

end1297

form1297

frettec1330

conjurationc1374

treatc1380

bargainc1386

contractc1386

comenaunt1389

compositionc1405

treaty1427

pact1429

paction1440

reconventionc1449

treatisea1464

hostage1470

packa1475

trystc1480

bond (also band) of manrent1482

covenance1484

concordance1490

patisement1529

capitulation1535

conventmenta1547

convenience1551

compact1555

negotiation1563

sacrament1563

match1569

consortship1592

after-agreementa1600

combourgeoisie1602

convention1603

comburghership1606

transaction1611

end-makingc1613

obligement1627

bare contract1641

stipulation1649

accompackmentc1650

rue-bargaina1657

concordat1683

minute1720

tacka1758

understanding1803

meet1804

it's a go1821

deal1863

whizz1869

stand-in1870

gentlemen's agreement1880

meeting of minds1883

1555 Charter in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 307 Any compacts, treaties or leagues, by vs or any of our progenitours, heretofore had or made.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxii. 146 Christs owne compact solemnely made with his Church.

1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. i. 85 By a seale compact well ratified, by law And heraldrie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vi. 163 Therefore take this compact of a Truce.

1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. ii. §14. 27 No man..by his compact, obligeth himself to an impossibility.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 45 A compact is a promise proceeding from us, law is a command directed to us.

1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. xxii. 212 To fulfil their part of the compact.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. viii. 201 He escaped..by making a compact with the foul fiend.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. x. 41 An Art, which without compact commandeth the powers of hell. 1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature vi. 135 A title to many things may be transferred by compact.1751 J. Harris Hermes iii. i. 314 The Meaning..of Language is derived, not from Nature, but from Compact.1850 W. E. Gladstone Remarks Royal Supremacy 15 Has such an attribute come to it by compact? I answer, no: the compact of the Church and the State in regard to their constitutional relations is well defined by statutes founded on the..consent of the clergy.

b. general compact: general accord, common consent. See also Family Compact n. 1, social compact n. at social adj. and n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > [noun] > generally accepted or expressed opinion

voicea1393

vox populic1547

common ground1570

suffrage1576

orthodox1619

cry1628

general compact1750

consensus1861

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 77. ⁋15 Having extinguished in themselves the distinction of right and wrong..they deserved to be hunted down by the general compact.

1799 R. Southey Nondescripts i, in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 59 If we act the governor, and break The social compact.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad ii. 70 Human souls, for social compact given.

1842 H. Rogers Introd. Burke's Wks. 81 Unless there has been an actual violation of the existing social compact..a revolution is unjustifiable.

1848 G. Barmby in The Apostle No. i. 8 The 4th claim for private property is the presumed formation of a social compact or convention of society, authorizing private possessional claim.

†c. In a bad sense: Confederacy, plot, conspiracy. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun] > conspiracy

conspiracyc1386

conspiration1388

confederationc1530

faction1549

conspiring1561

combination1593

complotment1594

confederacy1594

complotting1607

colluding1611

compacta1616

trinketing1646

caballinga1680

cabal1738

colloguing1880

collogue1887

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) ii. ii. 164 What is the course and drift of your compact ?

1652 C. B. Stapylton tr. Herodian Imperiall Hist. xi. 87 Albinus Friends he chargeth with Compact.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

compactn.²

Etymology: substantive use of compact adj.¹

Thesaurus »

†a. A compacted body, structure.

Thesaurus »

Categories »

†b. A combination, composition.

Thesaurus »

Categories »

†c. Conformation, build.

†d. Compact state, compaction. (All Obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [noun] > smallness or scantiness of extent > compactness

brief1575

compactness1646

snugness1799

compact1817

1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. I. xvii. sig. K6^v This compact of the Elements must suffer a dissolution.

1644 J. Milton Of Educ. 4 Having..past the principles of Arithmetic, Geometry, Astronomy, and Geography with a generall compact of Physicks, they may descend in Mathematicks.

1646 G. Buck Hist. Life Richard III 148 He was of a mean or low compact, but without disproportion and unevenness.

1817 M. Keating Trav. I. 161 Their remarkably sedentary habits admitted of this close compact of society.

e. A small case for compressed face-powder, rouge, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > sets and containers for

dressing box1607

toileta1684

dressing case1778

service1851

toiletry1892

powder bowl1894

vanity bag1907

vanity-box1911

powder compact1920

compact1921

vanity set1930

flapjack1934

minaudière1940

1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 13 Oct. 7/3 (advt.) Luxor Compacts in three shades.

1927 D. L. Sayers Unnatural Death vi. 69 A latch-key and a powder compacte.

1929 Punch Almanack 1930 4 Nov. facing p. xxvii (advt.) Give her lavender this Christmas. Compact—2/-, With rouge—3/6.

1930 Woman's Life 12 July 9/2 If you cannot buy a compact to fit your powder case, try this recipe.

1968 J. Ironside Fashion Alphabet 169 The introduction of several new articles into the jewellery trade, such as compacts, lipstick cases, etc.

f. (See compact adj.¹ 3c.)

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

compactadj.¹

Brit.

/kəmˈpakt/,

/ˈkɒmpakt/, U.S.

/ˈkɑmˌpæk(t)/,

/kəmˈpæk(t)/,

/kɑmˈpæk(t)/

Etymology: < Latin compactus, past participle of compingĕre to put together closely, < com- + pangĕre (root pag-) to make fast, fasten. Littré has the corresponding French compacte of 16th cent.

I. Used as past participle. Obsolete or archaic.

a. Compacted, knit, firmly put together.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > [adjective] > concentrated into small compass

compact1430

compendiate1593

compacted1598

concentrated1652

unexpanded1664

sublimated1884

the world > existence and causation > creation > [adjective] > created or produced > formed or constructed > well

well-buildedc1330

compact1430

well-composed1485

well built?c1525

well-compacted1548

well-constituted1584

well-constructed1646

thorough-made1649

well-constructed1785

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [adjective] > firmly joined together

well-joineda1398

well-knit1445

compact1685

1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. v So well..compact by measure.

a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCxxi In whome all the body is compact & knyt by euery ioynt.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 490/2 This nagge is well compacte: ce courtoult est bien troussé.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 29^v So excellently compact, and wrought together with Ligamentes.

1636 H. Blount Voy. Levant 108 A farre greater Empire..and better compact.

1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. 2 Cor. xiii. 11 Be compact together in holy Union.

b. Packed closely together.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [adjective] > densely packed

thickc893

thick-set?a1366

rankc1450

compact1563

thronged1581

thickened?1611

close1654

dense1776

tight1942

1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors ii. f. 10 When..vapors ar gathered on a heape, being very near compact, & as it wer hard tempered together.

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub i. 40 If the Audience be well compact, every one carries home a Share.

2. Made up by combination of parts; framed, composed of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [adjective] > created or produced > formed or constructed

wroughtOE

confecta1398

combinedc14..

complosec1420

made1428

counterfeit1463

edificatec1470

construct?a1475

featuredc1500

compact1531

fashioned1535

conflate1541

confectedc1550

framed1565

timbered1570

constitute1589

compacted1598

fact1600

coagulate1610

quilted1617

coagulated1633

conflated1652

composititious1657

made-up1677

compactilea1682

constructed1785

put-together1848

compaginate1877

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxii. sig. Liv Honour to god..is compacte of these thre thinges, feare, loue, & reuerence.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxv Man..is compact and made of .xv. substance.

1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Cj Man himself is compact of body and minde.

1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health cxciv. 153 Mylke..is compact or made of three seuerall substances.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 5 If he compact of iarres, grow Musicall.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 635 A wandring Fire Compact of unctuous vapor.

1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit ii, in Tale of Tub 320 The Style compact of insignificant Words, Incoherences and Repetition.

1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 221 Napoleon..that great word, Compact of human breath in hate and dread And exultation.

1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 9 Towns were compact, in about equal proportions, of..wooden houses and great..trees.

II. Used as adjective.

3. Closely packed or knit together.

a. Having the component particles closely and firmly combined; dense, solid, firm; esp. of the texture or composition of material substances. compact tissue: the dense ivory-like outer layer of a bone ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon). compact fracture (of minerals): see quot. 1816. compact structure (of rocks): see quot. 1885.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective] > make (more) dense or solid > by compaction or compression

compressedc1374

compacta1398

hard-pressed1562

compacted1598

condensed1606

compress1647

constipated1647

confert1661

clotted1674

noddena1864

tabloid1890

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xliv. 848 Iren is drye and colde and ful harde and compacte.

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. ii. 29 The matier more compacte.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 10 Amongst al Mettals there is none more solide more compact then this is.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §299 Exercise..maketh the Substance of the Body more Solid and Compact.

1708 Brit. Apollo 13–18 Feb. Tho' Hail be a more compact congealation than Snow.

1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. ii. 93 A body so firm and compact as the Scots, easily resisted the impression of the cavalry.

1816 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals (ed. 2) 229 The internal surfaces..produced by splitting it are..continuous, when the fracture is said to be compact.

1828 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. 11 The compact tissue [of bones].

1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. I. 25 A very dense blackish-brown compact peat.

1885 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 2) ii. ii. §4. 96 Cryptoclastic or compact, where the grains are too minute to reveal to the naked eye the truly fragmental character of the rock.

b. Having the parts so arranged that the whole lies within relatively small compass, without straggling portions or members; nearly and tightly packed or arranged; not sprawling, scattered, or diffuse. So compact order or arrangement.In Entomology applied to organs or bodies in which the parts are closely connected together, without incisions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [adjective] > of small or scanty extent > compact

succinct1635

compact1642

snugc1718

1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 15 How hazardous..it were in skirmish to change the compact order.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 284 Paris is compact; she has an enormous strength..and this strength is collected and condensed within a narrow compass.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. iii. 50 Conducted from them [enemies] in the compactest order.

1824 ‘R. Stuart’ Descr. Hist. Steam Engine 164 Trevithick's Engine is the most compact.

1845 Florist's Jrnl. 6 109 Beautifully neat and compact plants.

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxvii. 651 The estate of the manor was generally compact..The lands of the small proprietors were, however, generally very scattered.

1891 N.E.D. at Compact Mod. Strap these overcoats and rugs into one compact parcel. Compact lobelias for bedding, and the straggling sort for window-boxes.

c. spec. Designating a light car having a short wheelbase. Hence as n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > small or light

voiturette1897

light car1901

baby1920

minicar1948

poodler1951

micromotor1953

compact1960

subcompact1960

roller skate1961

super-compact1962

micro-car1980

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [adjective] > small

compact1960

subcompact1960

micro-car1980

1960 Economist 13 Feb. 620/2 The compact cars, which are smarter, cheaper and more economical to run than the standard-sized ones.

1960 News Chron. 10 Oct. 6/3 Americans are discovering that cars can be too big, so their idea of a ‘compact’ has a transatlantic twist.

1966 ‘E. Lathen’ Murder makes Wheels go Round i. 5 The Plantagenet was fast becoming America's leading prestige car. No compact was selling better than the Drake.

d. compact disc (also disk), a disc on which sound or data is recorded digitally as a spiral pattern of pits and bumps underneath a smooth transparent protective layer and reproduced by detecting the reflections of a laser beam focused on the spiral.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > disc

record1878

audio disc1944

CD1979

compact disc (also disk)1979

laser disc1980

CD-ROM1983

CD-i2009

1979 Materials Engin. Sept. 34/1 As the laser moves toward the outer edge, the Compact Disc slows down from 500 to 215 rpm.

1981 New Scientist 5 Nov. 374 Philips invented the Compact Disc system, which produces an hour of digital sound from a grooveless 12-cm disc when a laser ‘reads’ it. But the company pooled its patents on laser disc technology with Sony in October 1979. In June 1980, Sony and Philips announced full cooperation on the Compact Disc for digital audio.

1983 N.Y. Times 18 Mar. d1 Many see the compact disk as a potentially enormous growth area for the languishing consumer audio-electronics industry.

1984 Sounds 29 Dec. 3/1 Compact discs are selling four times as many as they were a year ago.

1985 Which Computer? Apr. 127/3 Sony and Philips, for example, are exploring the compact disc as a medium for storing programs.

1986 Bookseller 12 Dec. 2326/2 The new trial..consists of a compact disc carrying about 300 biomedical journals.

4. transferred and figurative.

ΚΠ

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. viii. 374 The Humane Nature..hath a more fixed, strong, and compact memory of things past than the Brutes have.

1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) II. 397 The first formation of a compact evangelical party.

1847 R. W. Emerson Napoleon in Wks. (1906) I. 369 A man..compact, instant, selfish, prudent.

1861 J. Brown Horæ Subsecivæ 2nd Ser. 229 I got my fixed, compact idea of him.

1869 A. W. Haddan Apostolical Succession Church Eng. (1879) viii. 235 The compacter organization, and more determined party effort.

1878 J. Morley Carlyle Crit. Misc. Ser. 1. 192 Detached passages cannot counterbalance the effect of a whole, compact body of teaching.

1891 N.E.D. at Compact Mod. A compact majority.

b. Of language or style: Condensed, terse, pithy, close; not diffuse. Also said of the writer.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > conciseness > [adjective] > concise and forcible

pithy1529

pithful1548

sappy1563

fasta1568

compact1576

close1670

terse1777

1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Plinius Novocomensis in Panoplie Epist. 255 A methode in writing and speaking compact in brevitie.

1713 H. Felton Diss. Reading Classics (1715) 139 Where a foreign tongue is elegant, expressive, close and compact.

1780 W. Cowper Table Talk 647 Pope..In verse well-disciplined, complete, compact.

1872 J. Morley Voltaire ii. 130 The best of Voltaire's tragedies, abounding in a just vehemence, compact, full of feeling.

c. Of sounds: (see quots.); spec. in Phonetics, open, saturated (opposed to diffuse).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [adjective] > qualities of speech sounds

weaka1637

apert1668

narrow-mouthed1668

servile1700

rotund1742

tonous1773

homorganic1864

trainante1865

oral1869

neutral1874

compact1930

lento1939

1930 E. R. Moul in Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. XLII. 559 There is a pre-spatial attribute of thickness in vision and audition... In both, certain types of experience are characterized as..‘hard’, ‘opaque’, ‘compact’.

1952 R. Jakobson et al. Prelim. Speech Anal. 27 Compact phonemes are characterized by the predominance of one centrally located formant region (or formant). They are opposed to diffuse phonemes in which one or more non-central formants or formant regions predominate.

1952 R. Jakobson et al. Prelim. Speech Anal. 27 Open vowels are the most compact, while close vowels are the most diffuse.

1956 L. G. Jones in M. Halle et al. For Roman Jakobson 251 Lax fricatives must be diffuse, tense fricatives compact.

1962 R. Jakobson Sel. Writings 638 Compact consonants are articulated in the velopalatal area of the mouth cavity, and diffuse consonants—dentals and labials—in front of this area.

Draft additions March 2003

Compact City n. (also with lower-case initial) Town Planning (originally U.S.) an urban area with clearly defined boundaries, in which the residential and commercial districts are relatively close together, forestalling the development of rural land and reducing the need to commute by car.

ΚΠ

1933 W. S. Thompson & P. K. Whelpton Population Trends in U.S. i. 40 Closely knit businesses of enormous size can now be made up of relatively small units,..so grouped that people need not live in the huge compact cities of today.

1973 G. B. Dantzig & T. L. Saaty Compact City i. 11 The new, Compact City..would be economically inexpensive to build and maintain, yet spacious... In the Compact City..there would, of course, be no suburban sprawl, freeways, traffic, smog, or other forms of urban blight.

1995 Independent 20 Feb. 18 (headline) Looking forward to Compact City.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† compactadj.²

Etymology: < Latin compactus, past participle of compacisci to covenant together, form a compact.

Joined in compact, leagued.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > [adjective] > agreed (of people)

federeda1382

compact1595

1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres i. liii. sig. D2 The chiefe of those you find Were of his faction secretly compact.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 240 Thou pernicious woman Compact with her that's gone.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

compactv.¹

/kəmˈpakt/

Etymology: < compact adj.¹; or, through it, < compact- participial stem of Latin compingĕre, of which it has thus become the representative. In the present stem, of later appearance than the past participle compact, which continued a true participle (as in ‘I have compact’) after 1600; occasionally the past tense also was made compact.

a. transitive. To join or knit (things) firmly and tightly together, or to each other; to combine closely into a whole; to consolidate by close conjunction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > join closely, intimately, or permanently

tiec1000

limea1225

knit1340

sold1388

marryc1450

compact1530

spear?1548

solder1589

cementc1604

ferruminate1623

bewed1674

weld1802

wed1818

Siamese1830

intermarry1863

to pull together1925

mate1959

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 490/2 I compacte a thing shorte togyther to make it stronge, je trousse.

1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 478 [They] can not be the body of Christe, except both be ioyned and coupled and compacted together in one breade.

1582 Bible (Rheims) Coloss. ii. 19 The whole body by joyntes and bandes being served and compacted.

1666 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng (1725) 75 The Architraves were compacted to their Supporters by Tenons and Mortises.

1674 T. Flatman Orpheus & Eurydice in Poems 19 My Layes compacted Thebes.

1709 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels IV. 240 The Ligaments, that should compact and keep them [Limbs] in their Functions.

1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica Pref. 18 After he has arranged, compacted and polished.

1879 C. Rossetti Seek & Find 27 Those forces which..guide, compact, dissolve, the members of the material universe.

b. To press or pack together (component atoms or parts); to compress, condense, solidify.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > make dense or solid [verb (transitive)] > by compaction or compression

compressc1400

knit1423

crowd1609

compact1633

unpulverize1733

pack1824

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > concentrate or condense

condense1477

concentre1598

sum1609

compact1633

epitomizea1634

concentrate1665

1633 G. Herbert Vertue in Temple iii Sweet spring, full of sweet dayes and roses, A box where sweets compacted lie.

1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 66 Now the bright Sun compacts the precious Stone.

1827 H. Steuart Planter's Guide (1828) 293 To fill in mould firmly..and to compact it with the Rammer.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 490 Causing the atmospheric pressure to operate in compacting the pulp into paper.

c. transferred and figurative of non-material things and persons.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xii. 147 For ordering and compacting them in one volume.

1647 T. May Hist. Parl. ii. i. 4 Forty years of peace had compacted those two nations into one body.

1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature 6 Adjusting and compacting loose sentiments.

1870 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Aug. 1 The military system completes and compacts what the national education has commenced.

a. To form or frame by close and tight combination or conjunction; to make up or compose.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > devise, contrive, or make up, compose, or concoct

craftOE

befind1297

visec1325

contrive1377

temper1390

preparate?a1425

brew1530

to make up1530

forge1549

compact1576

mint1593

feign1690

to get up1828

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 183 He compacted of wood wyer, paste, and paper, a Roode of..exquisite arte.

c1580 Hours Blessed Virgin 99 W^th sinewes and w^th bones Thou hast compact me.

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) x. lix. 260 So modest, wittie, affable, had Nature her compact.

c1630 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1714) I. 74 The Foundation of the Walls..compacted of Moor-stone and Lime.

1652 E. Benlowes Theophila viii. vii. 110 Who out of Nothing all Things did compact.

1879 E. W. Gosse in Academy 25 The light and shade that make biography amusing are compacted of partisanship and of malice.

b. figurative; also with up.

ΚΠ

1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. ii. ix. f. cxl^v He..hath in lesse then thre lynes, compacted vp together such thre abomynable blasphemouse heresyes.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 11 Their whole religion is compacted, and contriued for gaine.

†3. figurative. To confirm, give consistency to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > support, corroborate

fasteneOE

i-sothea925

sustainc1325

witness1362

approvec1380

confirmc1384

affirma1393

justifya1393

to bear outa1475

corrobore1485

uphold1485

nourisha1522

underpinc1522

to countenance outa1529

favoura1530

soothe1544

strengthen1548

comfort1593

second1596

accredit1598

evidencea1601

warrantise1600

compact1608

back1612

thickena1616

accreditate1654

shoulder1674

support1691

corroborate1706

carry1835

to give (also lend) colour1921

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 321 Informe her full of my particular feares, and thereto add such reasons of your owne, as may compact it more.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

† compactv.²

Etymology: apparently < Old French compact-er ‘faire un pacte’, in medieval Latin compactāre , < compactum compact n.¹

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. To make a compact.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement [verb (intransitive)]

accord?a1160

to make (a) finec1325

covenantc1330

compound1419

packc1450

patisec1475

conclude1477

compone1478

bargain1483

article1526

make1530

compact1535

to dispense with1569

temporize1579

to make termsa1599

to strike (a person) luck1599

to be compromised1600

compacka1618

stipulatea1648

to come to terms1657

sort1685

paction1725

to cry off1775

pact1904

1535 J. ap Rice in W. B. Scoones Four Cent. Eng. Lett. (1881) 33 They had confedered and compacted before our commyng that they shulde disclose nothing.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 225 Saturne..hauing so compacted with his brother Titan.

1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 53 Compacting with the Devill.

1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. i. i. §5 Slaves could never have a Right to compact or consent.

2. transitive. To plan by compact, conspire.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot (a purpose) or hatch (a plot [verb (transitive)] > plan by conspiring

conjure1477

confederate1555

complot1597

contract1618

closeta1649

compact1667

conjurate-

1667 E. Waterhouse Short Narr. Fire London 47 If all the Engineers of mischief would have compacted the..Burning of London.

3. An intermediate sense between compact v.¹, main sense = ‘To join or associate by compact’ appears in the following:

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement [verb (intransitive)] > with a person

conclude1462

settle1527

gree1574

compact1592

clear1609

truck1622

1592 R. Greene Thirde Pt. Conny-catching sig. C3^v Some notorious varlets..beeing compacted with such kind of people, as this present treatise manifesteth.

1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 101 b These harlots..compact themselues confederates with the most dissolute persons.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

n.¹1555

n.²1600

adj.¹a1398

adj.²1595

v.¹1530

v.²1535

单词	compact
释义	compactn.¹ Brit. /ˈkɒmpakt/, U.S. /ˈkɑmˌpæk(t)/ Etymology: compare Old French compact , Italian compatto (Florio), < Latin compactum a compact, agreement, substantive use of past participle of the verb compacisci to covenant together, < com- + pacisci to covenant, contract; see pact n. Not immediately connected in English or Latin with the following words, though pangĕre and pacĕre, pacisci were related farther back. Originally accented on second syllable (so 6 times out of 7 in Shakespeare), but noted in Phillips 1696 as accented on the first. a. A covenant or contract made between two or more persons or parties; a mutual agreement or understanding; ‘a mutual and settled appointment between two or more, to do or to forbear something’ (Johnson). It is used without a in phrases, as by, from, with compact; also to strike compact. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > an agreement forewardOE accordc1275 covenant1297 end1297 form1297 frettec1330 conjurationc1374 treatc1380 bargainc1386 contractc1386 comenaunt1389 compositionc1405 treaty1427 pact1429 paction1440 reconventionc1449 treatisea1464 hostage1470 packa1475 trystc1480 bond (also band) of manrent1482 covenance1484 concordance1490 patisement1529 capitulation1535 conventmenta1547 convenience1551 compact1555 negotiation1563 sacrament1563 match1569 consortship1592 after-agreementa1600 combourgeoisie1602 convention1603 comburghership1606 transaction1611 end-makingc1613 obligement1627 bare contract1641 stipulation1649 accompackmentc1650 rue-bargaina1657 concordat1683 minute1720 tacka1758 understanding1803 meet1804 it's a go1821 deal1863 whizz1869 stand-in1870 gentlemen's agreement1880 meeting of minds1883 1555 Charter in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) ii. 307 Any compacts, treaties or leagues, by vs or any of our progenitours, heretofore had or made. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxii. 146 Christs owne compact solemnely made with his Church. 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. i. 85 By a seale compact well ratified, by law And heraldrie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vi. 163 Therefore take this compact of a Truce. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. ii. §14. 27 No man..by his compact, obligeth himself to an impossibility. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 45 A compact is a promise proceeding from us, law is a command directed to us. 1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. xxii. 212 To fulfil their part of the compact. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. viii. 201 He escaped..by making a compact with the foul fiend. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. x. 41 An Art, which without compact commandeth the powers of hell. View more context for this quotation1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature vi. 135 A title to many things may be transferred by compact.1751 J. Harris Hermes iii. i. 314 The Meaning..of Language is derived, not from Nature, but from Compact.1850 W. E. Gladstone Remarks Royal Supremacy 15 Has such an attribute come to it by compact? I answer, no: the compact of the Church and the State in regard to their constitutional relations is well defined by statutes founded on the..consent of the clergy. b. general compact: general accord, common consent. See also Family Compact n. 1, social compact n. at social adj. and n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > [noun] > generally accepted or expressed opinion voicea1393 vox populic1547 common ground1570 suffrage1576 orthodox1619 cry1628 general compact1750 consensus1861 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 77. ⁋15 Having extinguished in themselves the distinction of right and wrong..they deserved to be hunted down by the general compact. 1799 R. Southey Nondescripts i, in Poet. Wks. (1838) III. 59 If we act the governor, and break The social compact. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad ii. 70 Human souls, for social compact given. 1842 H. Rogers Introd. Burke's Wks. 81 Unless there has been an actual violation of the existing social compact..a revolution is unjustifiable. 1848 G. Barmby in The Apostle No. i. 8 The 4th claim for private property is the presumed formation of a social compact or convention of society, authorizing private possessional claim. †c. In a bad sense: Confederacy, plot, conspiracy. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun] > conspiracy conspiracyc1386 conspiration1388 confederationc1530 faction1549 conspiring1561 combination1593 complotment1594 confederacy1594 complotting1607 colluding1611 compacta1616 trinketing1646 caballinga1680 cabal1738 colloguing1880 collogue1887 a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) ii. ii. 164 What is the course and drift of your compact ? View more context for this quotation 1652 C. B. Stapylton tr. Herodian Imperiall Hist. xi. 87 Albinus Friends he chargeth with Compact. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). compactn.² Etymology: substantive use of compact adj.¹ Thesaurus » †a. A compacted body, structure. Thesaurus » Categories » †b. A combination, composition. Thesaurus » Categories » †c. Conformation, build. †d. Compact state, compaction. (All Obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [noun] > smallness or scantiness of extent > compactness brief1575 compactness1646 snugness1799 compact1817 1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. I. xvii. sig. K6^v This compact of the Elements must suffer a dissolution. 1644 J. Milton Of Educ. 4 Having..past the principles of Arithmetic, Geometry, Astronomy, and Geography with a generall compact of Physicks, they may descend in Mathematicks. 1646 G. Buck Hist. Life Richard III 148 He was of a mean or low compact, but without disproportion and unevenness. 1817 M. Keating Trav. I. 161 Their remarkably sedentary habits admitted of this close compact of society. e. A small case for compressed face-powder, rouge, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > sets and containers for dressing box1607 toileta1684 dressing case1778 service1851 toiletry1892 powder bowl1894 vanity bag1907 vanity-box1911 powder compact1920 compact1921 vanity set1930 flapjack1934 minaudière1940 1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 13 Oct. 7/3 (advt.) Luxor Compacts in three shades. 1927 D. L. Sayers Unnatural Death vi. 69 A latch-key and a powder compacte. 1929 Punch Almanack 1930 4 Nov. facing p. xxvii (advt.) Give her lavender this Christmas. Compact—2/-, With rouge—3/6. 1930 Woman's Life 12 July 9/2 If you cannot buy a compact to fit your powder case, try this recipe. 1968 J. Ironside Fashion Alphabet 169 The introduction of several new articles into the jewellery trade, such as compacts, lipstick cases, etc. f. (See compact adj.¹ 3c.) This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2020). compactadj.¹ Brit. /kəmˈpakt/, /ˈkɒmpakt/, U.S. /ˈkɑmˌpæk(t)/, /kəmˈpæk(t)/, /kɑmˈpæk(t)/ Etymology: < Latin compactus, past participle of compingĕre to put together closely, < com- + pangĕre (root pag-) to make fast, fasten. Littré has the corresponding French compacte of 16th cent. I. Used as past participle. Obsolete or archaic. 1. a. Compacted, knit, firmly put together. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > [adjective] > concentrated into small compass compact1430 compendiate1593 compacted1598 concentrated1652 unexpanded1664 sublimated1884 the world > existence and causation > creation > [adjective] > created or produced > formed or constructed > well well-buildedc1330 compact1430 well-composed1485 well built?c1525 well-compacted1548 well-constituted1584 well-constructed1646 thorough-made1649 well-constructed1785 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [adjective] > firmly joined together well-joineda1398 well-knit1445 compact1685 1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. v So well..compact by measure. a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCxxi In whome all the body is compact & knyt by euery ioynt. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 490/2 This nagge is well compacte: ce courtoult est bien troussé. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 29^v So excellently compact, and wrought together with Ligamentes. 1636 H. Blount Voy. Levant 108 A farre greater Empire..and better compact. 1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. 2 Cor. xiii. 11 Be compact together in holy Union. b. Packed closely together. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [adjective] > densely packed thickc893 thick-set?a1366 rankc1450 compact1563 thronged1581 thickened?1611 close1654 dense1776 tight1942 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors ii. f. 10 When..vapors ar gathered on a heape, being very near compact, & as it wer hard tempered together. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub i. 40 If the Audience be well compact, every one carries home a Share. 2. Made up by combination of parts; framed, composed of. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [adjective] > created or produced > formed or constructed wroughtOE wroughtOE confecta1398 combinedc14.. complosec1420 made1428 counterfeit1463 edificatec1470 construct?a1475 featuredc1500 compact1531 fashioned1535 conflate1541 confectedc1550 framed1565 timbered1570 constitute1589 compacted1598 fact1600 coagulate1610 quilted1617 coagulated1633 conflated1652 composititious1657 made-up1677 compactilea1682 constructed1785 put-together1848 compaginate1877 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxii. sig. Liv Honour to god..is compacte of these thre thinges, feare, loue, & reuerence. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. lxxv Man..is compact and made of .xv. substance. 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Cj Man himself is compact of body and minde. 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health cxciv. 153 Mylke..is compact or made of three seuerall substances. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 5 If he compact of iarres, grow Musicall. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 635 A wandring Fire Compact of unctuous vapor. View more context for this quotation 1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit ii, in Tale of Tub 320 The Style compact of insignificant Words, Incoherences and Repetition. 1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 221 Napoleon..that great word, Compact of human breath in hate and dread And exultation. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 9 Towns were compact, in about equal proportions, of..wooden houses and great..trees. II. Used as adjective. 3. Closely packed or knit together. a. Having the component particles closely and firmly combined; dense, solid, firm; esp. of the texture or composition of material substances. compact tissue: the dense ivory-like outer layer of a bone ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon). compact fracture (of minerals): see quot. 1816. compact structure (of rocks): see quot. 1885. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective] > make (more) dense or solid > by compaction or compression compressedc1374 compacta1398 hard-pressed1562 compacted1598 condensed1606 compress1647 constipated1647 confert1661 clotted1674 noddena1864 tabloid1890 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xliv. 848 Iren is drye and colde and ful harde and compacte. 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions i. ii. 29 The matier more compacte. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 10 Amongst al Mettals there is none more solide more compact then this is. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §299 Exercise..maketh the Substance of the Body more Solid and Compact. 1708 Brit. Apollo 13–18 Feb. Tho' Hail be a more compact congealation than Snow. 1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. ii. 93 A body so firm and compact as the Scots, easily resisted the impression of the cavalry. 1816 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals (ed. 2) 229 The internal surfaces..produced by splitting it are..continuous, when the fracture is said to be compact. 1828 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. 11 The compact tissue [of bones]. 1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. I. 25 A very dense blackish-brown compact peat. 1885 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 2) ii. ii. §4. 96 Cryptoclastic or compact, where the grains are too minute to reveal to the naked eye the truly fragmental character of the rock. b. Having the parts so arranged that the whole lies within relatively small compass, without straggling portions or members; nearly and tightly packed or arranged; not sprawling, scattered, or diffuse. So compact order or arrangement.In Entomology applied to organs or bodies in which the parts are closely connected together, without incisions. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > smallness > [adjective] > of small or scanty extent > compact succinct1635 compact1642 snugc1718 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 15 How hazardous..it were in skirmish to change the compact order. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 284 Paris is compact; she has an enormous strength..and this strength is collected and condensed within a narrow compass. View more context for this quotation 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. iii. 50 Conducted from them [enemies] in the compactest order. 1824 ‘R. Stuart’ Descr. Hist. Steam Engine 164 Trevithick's Engine is the most compact. 1845 Florist's Jrnl. 6 109 Beautifully neat and compact plants. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxvii. 651 The estate of the manor was generally compact..The lands of the small proprietors were, however, generally very scattered. 1891 N.E.D. at Compact Mod. Strap these overcoats and rugs into one compact parcel. Compact lobelias for bedding, and the straggling sort for window-boxes. c. spec. Designating a light car having a short wheelbase. Hence as n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > small or light voiturette1897 light car1901 baby1920 minicar1948 poodler1951 micromotor1953 compact1960 subcompact1960 roller skate1961 super-compact1962 micro-car1980 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [adjective] > small compact1960 subcompact1960 micro-car1980 1960 Economist 13 Feb. 620/2 The compact cars, which are smarter, cheaper and more economical to run than the standard-sized ones. 1960 News Chron. 10 Oct. 6/3 Americans are discovering that cars can be too big, so their idea of a ‘compact’ has a transatlantic twist. 1966 ‘E. Lathen’ Murder makes Wheels go Round i. 5 The Plantagenet was fast becoming America's leading prestige car. No compact was selling better than the Drake. d. compact disc (also disk), a disc on which sound or data is recorded digitally as a spiral pattern of pits and bumps underneath a smooth transparent protective layer and reproduced by detecting the reflections of a laser beam focused on the spiral. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > disc record1878 audio disc1944 CD1979 compact disc (also disk)1979 laser disc1980 CD-ROM1983 CD-i2009 1979 Materials Engin. Sept. 34/1 As the laser moves toward the outer edge, the Compact Disc slows down from 500 to 215 rpm. 1981 New Scientist 5 Nov. 374 Philips invented the Compact Disc system, which produces an hour of digital sound from a grooveless 12-cm disc when a laser ‘reads’ it. But the company pooled its patents on laser disc technology with Sony in October 1979. In June 1980, Sony and Philips announced full cooperation on the Compact Disc for digital audio. 1983 N.Y. Times 18 Mar. d1 Many see the compact disk as a potentially enormous growth area for the languishing consumer audio-electronics industry. 1984 Sounds 29 Dec. 3/1 Compact discs are selling four times as many as they were a year ago. 1985 Which Computer? Apr. 127/3 Sony and Philips, for example, are exploring the compact disc as a medium for storing programs. 1986 Bookseller 12 Dec. 2326/2 The new trial..consists of a compact disc carrying about 300 biomedical journals. 4. transferred and figurative. a. ΚΠ a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) iv. viii. 374 The Humane Nature..hath a more fixed, strong, and compact memory of things past than the Brutes have. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) II. 397 The first formation of a compact evangelical party. 1847 R. W. Emerson Napoleon in Wks. (1906) I. 369 A man..compact, instant, selfish, prudent. 1861 J. Brown Horæ Subsecivæ 2nd Ser. 229 I got my fixed, compact idea of him. 1869 A. W. Haddan Apostolical Succession Church Eng. (1879) viii. 235 The compacter organization, and more determined party effort. 1878 J. Morley Carlyle Crit. Misc. Ser. 1. 192 Detached passages cannot counterbalance the effect of a whole, compact body of teaching. 1891 N.E.D. at Compact Mod. A compact majority. b. Of language or style: Condensed, terse, pithy, close; not diffuse. Also said of the writer. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > conciseness > [adjective] > concise and forcible pithy1529 pithful1548 sappy1563 fasta1568 compact1576 close1670 terse1777 1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Plinius Novocomensis in Panoplie Epist. 255 A methode in writing and speaking compact in brevitie. 1713 H. Felton Diss. Reading Classics (1715) 139 Where a foreign tongue is elegant, expressive, close and compact. 1780 W. Cowper Table Talk 647 Pope..In verse well-disciplined, complete, compact. 1872 J. Morley Voltaire ii. 130 The best of Voltaire's tragedies, abounding in a just vehemence, compact, full of feeling. c. Of sounds: (see quots.); spec. in Phonetics, open, saturated (opposed to diffuse). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [adjective] > qualities of speech sounds weaka1637 apert1668 narrow-mouthed1668 servile1700 rotund1742 tonous1773 homorganic1864 trainante1865 oral1869 neutral1874 compact1930 lento1939 1930 E. R. Moul in Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. XLII. 559 There is a pre-spatial attribute of thickness in vision and audition... In both, certain types of experience are characterized as..‘hard’, ‘opaque’, ‘compact’. 1952 R. Jakobson et al. Prelim. Speech Anal. 27 Compact phonemes are characterized by the predominance of one centrally located formant region (or formant). They are opposed to diffuse phonemes in which one or more non-central formants or formant regions predominate. 1952 R. Jakobson et al. Prelim. Speech Anal. 27 Open vowels are the most compact, while close vowels are the most diffuse. 1956 L. G. Jones in M. Halle et al. For Roman Jakobson 251 Lax fricatives must be diffuse, tense fricatives compact. 1962 R. Jakobson Sel. Writings 638 Compact consonants are articulated in the velopalatal area of the mouth cavity, and diffuse consonants—dentals and labials—in front of this area. Draft additions March 2003 Compact City n. (also with lower-case initial) Town Planning (originally U.S.) an urban area with clearly defined boundaries, in which the residential and commercial districts are relatively close together, forestalling the development of rural land and reducing the need to commute by car. ΚΠ 1933 W. S. Thompson & P. K. Whelpton Population Trends in U.S. i. 40 Closely knit businesses of enormous size can now be made up of relatively small units,..so grouped that people need not live in the huge compact cities of today. 1973 G. B. Dantzig & T. L. Saaty Compact City i. 11 The new, Compact City..would be economically inexpensive to build and maintain, yet spacious... In the Compact City..there would, of course, be no suburban sprawl, freeways, traffic, smog, or other forms of urban blight. 1995 Independent 20 Feb. 18 (headline) Looking forward to Compact City. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † compactadj.² Etymology: < Latin compactus, past participle of compacisci to covenant together, form a compact. Joined in compact, leagued. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > [adjective] > agreed (of people) federeda1382 compact1595 1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres i. liii. sig. D2 The chiefe of those you find Were of his faction secretly compact. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 240 Thou pernicious woman Compact with her that's gone. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). compactv.¹ /kəmˈpakt/ Etymology: < compact adj.¹; or, through it, < compact- participial stem of Latin compingĕre, of which it has thus become the representative. In the present stem, of later appearance than the past participle compact, which continued a true participle (as in ‘I have compact’) after 1600; occasionally the past tense also was made compact. 1. a. transitive. To join or knit (things) firmly and tightly together, or to each other; to combine closely into a whole; to consolidate by close conjunction. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > join closely, intimately, or permanently tiec1000 limea1225 knit1340 sold1388 marryc1450 compact1530 spear?1548 solder1589 cementc1604 ferruminate1623 bewed1674 weld1802 wed1818 Siamese1830 intermarry1863 to pull together1925 mate1959 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 490/2 I compacte a thing shorte togyther to make it stronge, je trousse. 1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 478 [They] can not be the body of Christe, except both be ioyned and coupled and compacted together in one breade. 1582 Bible (Rheims) Coloss. ii. 19 The whole body by joyntes and bandes being served and compacted. 1666 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng (1725) 75 The Architraves were compacted to their Supporters by Tenons and Mortises. 1674 T. Flatman Orpheus & Eurydice in Poems 19 My Layes compacted Thebes. 1709 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels IV. 240 The Ligaments, that should compact and keep them [Limbs] in their Functions. 1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica Pref. 18 After he has arranged, compacted and polished. 1879 C. Rossetti Seek & Find 27 Those forces which..guide, compact, dissolve, the members of the material universe. b. To press or pack together (component atoms or parts); to compress, condense, solidify. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > make dense or solid [verb (transitive)] > by compaction or compression compressc1400 knit1423 crowd1609 compact1633 unpulverize1733 pack1824 the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > concentrate or condense condense1477 concentre1598 sum1609 compact1633 epitomizea1634 concentrate1665 1633 G. Herbert Vertue in Temple iii Sweet spring, full of sweet dayes and roses, A box where sweets compacted lie. 1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 66 Now the bright Sun compacts the precious Stone. 1827 H. Steuart Planter's Guide (1828) 293 To fill in mould firmly..and to compact it with the Rammer. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 490 Causing the atmospheric pressure to operate in compacting the pulp into paper. c. transferred and figurative of non-material things and persons. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xii. 147 For ordering and compacting them in one volume. 1647 T. May Hist. Parl. ii. i. 4 Forty years of peace had compacted those two nations into one body. 1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature 6 Adjusting and compacting loose sentiments. 1870 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Aug. 1 The military system completes and compacts what the national education has commenced. 2. a. To form or frame by close and tight combination or conjunction; to make up or compose. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > devise, contrive, or make up, compose, or concoct craftOE befind1297 visec1325 contrive1377 temper1390 preparate?a1425 brew1530 to make up1530 forge1549 compact1576 mint1593 feign1690 to get up1828 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 183 He compacted of wood wyer, paste, and paper, a Roode of..exquisite arte. c1580 Hours Blessed Virgin 99 W^th sinewes and w^th bones Thou hast compact me. 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) x. lix. 260 So modest, wittie, affable, had Nature her compact. c1630 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1714) I. 74 The Foundation of the Walls..compacted of Moor-stone and Lime. 1652 E. Benlowes Theophila viii. vii. 110 Who out of Nothing all Things did compact. 1879 E. W. Gosse in Academy 25 The light and shade that make biography amusing are compacted of partisanship and of malice. b. figurative; also with up. ΚΠ 1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. ii. ix. f. cxl^v He..hath in lesse then thre lynes, compacted vp together such thre abomynable blasphemouse heresyes. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 11 Their whole religion is compacted, and contriued for gaine. †3. figurative. To confirm, give consistency to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > support, corroborate fasteneOE i-sothea925 sustainc1325 witness1362 approvec1380 confirmc1384 affirma1393 justifya1393 to bear outa1475 corrobore1485 uphold1485 nourisha1522 underpinc1522 to countenance outa1529 favoura1530 soothe1544 strengthen1548 comfort1593 second1596 accredit1598 evidencea1601 warrantise1600 compact1608 back1612 thickena1616 accreditate1654 shoulder1674 support1691 corroborate1706 carry1835 to give (also lend) colour1921 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 321 Informe her full of my particular feares, and thereto add such reasons of your owne, as may compact it more. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2020). † compactv.² Etymology: apparently < Old French compact-er ‘faire un pacte’, in medieval Latin compactāre , < compactum compact n.¹ Obsolete. 1. intransitive. To make a compact. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement [verb (intransitive)] accord?a1160 to make (a) finec1325 covenantc1330 compound1419 packc1450 patisec1475 conclude1477 compone1478 bargain1483 article1526 make1530 compact1535 to dispense with1569 temporize1579 to make termsa1599 to strike (a person) luck1599 to be compromised1600 compacka1618 stipulatea1648 to come to terms1657 sort1685 paction1725 to cry off1775 pact1904 1535 J. ap Rice in W. B. Scoones Four Cent. Eng. Lett. (1881) 33 They had confedered and compacted before our commyng that they shulde disclose nothing. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 225 Saturne..hauing so compacted with his brother Titan. 1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 53 Compacting with the Devill. 1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. i. i. §5 Slaves could never have a Right to compact or consent. 2. transitive. To plan by compact, conspire. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > plot (a purpose) or hatch (a plot [verb (transitive)] > plan by conspiring conjure1477 confederate1555 complot1597 contract1618 closeta1649 compact1667 conjurate- 1667 E. Waterhouse Short Narr. Fire London 47 If all the Engineers of mischief would have compacted the..Burning of London. 3. An intermediate sense between compact v.¹, main sense = ‘To join or associate by compact’ appears in the following: ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement [verb (intransitive)] > with a person conclude1462 settle1527 gree1574 compact1592 clear1609 truck1622 1592 R. Greene Thirde Pt. Conny-catching sig. C3^v Some notorious varlets..beeing compacted with such kind of people, as this present treatise manifesteth. 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 101 b These harlots..compact themselues confederates with the most dissolute persons. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.¹1555n.²1600adj.¹a1398adj.²1595v.¹1530v.²1535
随便看	right-handedly right-handedness right-hander right-headed right-hearted right-ho right-judging right-justified right-justify right-leaning right-left right-lined right-made right-meaning right-minded right-mindedness right-nosed right-of-centre right-of-way man right-on right-onward right-out right-participate right-reading right-seeing

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Draft additions March 2003

† compactadj.2

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compactadj.¹

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compactv.¹

† compactv.²