Algoln.¹

Brit.

/ˈalɡɒl/, U.S.

/ˈælˌɡɔl/,

/ˈælˌɡɑl/

Forms: Middle English– Algol, 1500s–1600s Algoll.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Algol.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin Algol (although this is apparently first attested later: 1493 or earlier, originally in caput Algol , a calque on the Arabic name of the star; compare quot. 1583) < Arabic al-ġūl (in ra's al-ġūl , literally ‘head of the demon’; < ra's head (see ras n.¹) + al the + ġūl ghoul n., perhaps after post-classical Latin Gorgonis caput (see Medusa's head n.); compare also Hellenistic Greek ἡ Γοργόνος κεϕαλή (Eratosthenes, rare)). Compare Middle French, French Algol (1566 or earlier).In head of Algol (in quot. 1577) after post-classical Latin caput Algol, which is also sometimes borrowed in full; compare:1583 J. Harvey Astrol. Addition sig. D1 Caput Algol, whose Longitude is in the 20. grade, 38. mi. of Taurus: Latitude from the Ecliptike line. 23. grades, 0. min.

Astronomy.

The second brightest star in the constellation Perseus (β Persei), a variable star which is an eclipsing binary. Also called the Demon Star; cf. Caput Medusae at caput n. 4, Medusa's head n. 1.Algol was the first eclipsing binary star to be identified as such, by E. C. Pickering in 1881, its variability having been first recorded by G. Montanari in 1667. Its brightness varies periodically when one of two component stars passes in front of the other as they orbit each other.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > binary star or system > [noun] > eclipsing

Algola1393

demon star1868

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 1329 (MED) The thridde [star]..Is hote Algol the clere rede.

1577 T. Rogers tr. S. à Geveren Of Ende of World f. 15 An Eclypse of the Sun in the twentie degree of Taurus, about the head of Algol, a most cruell and hurtfull fixed starre.

1681 J. Flamsteed Let. 7 Mar. in I. Newton Corr. (1960) II. 353 It passed in ye Middle betwixt the Northerne in ye Base of ye △, and Mirach; ended betwixt Alamech & Algoll.

1785 T. Jefferson Let. 13 Jan. in Papers (1953) VII. 602 M. Pigott, who had discovered the periodical variations of light in the star Algol, has discovered the like in the η (Eta) of Antinous.

1880 E. C. Pickering in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1880–1 (1881) 16 1 (title) Dimensions of the Fixed Stars, with special reference to Binaries and Variables of the Algol Type.

1935 W. H. Auden & C. Isherwood Dog beneath Skin ii. v. 111 Alan lifting his eyes sees..Algol waxing and waning as his hope.

1965 Listener 20 May 740/2 Algol..seems to shine steadily for two and a half days..and then exhibits a..‘wink’ lasting for several hours.

2011 Times (Nexis) 26 Nov. 115 These eclipses are due to Algol's true nature: not one star, but two, in orbit around each other.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

Algoln.²

Brit.

/ˈalɡɒl/, U.S.

/ˈælˌɡɔl/,

/ˈælˌɡɑl/

Forms: 1900s– ALGOL, 1900s– Algol.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: algorithmic adj., language n.

Etymology: < algo- (in algorithmic adj.) + l- (in language n.).

Computing. Now frequently historical.

(The name of) any of several related high-level programming languages, typically used for scientific computations. Also with following numeral, designating a specific version of the language.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > programming language > [noun] > high-level language > language

Fortran1956

Algol1959

Lisp1959

Cobol1960

BASIC1964

SNOBOL1964

PL/I1965

APL1966

Pascal1971

C1973

LOGO1976

Prolog1977

Ada1979

C++1984

Perl1987

Java1995

JavaScript1995

1959 A. J. Perlis & K. Samelson in Numerische Mathematik 1 41 (title) Report on the algorithmic language Algol.

1963 Rev. Educ. Res. 33 574 An algorithmic computer language ( algol), which could serve as a programming language and as a standard publication language.

1976 Computers & Humanities 10 376/2 A complete listing of the program, running to some 1300 lines in algol 60.

1992 New Scientist 8 Feb. 48/2 Simula..was a development of algol, one of the earliest computer languages.

1994 IEEE Ann. Hist. Computing Winter 29/1 He became more and more convinced that SIMULA's sophisticated simulation facilities would significantly benefit Algol 60 in its struggle with Fortran.

2007 Nature 26 Apr. 998/2 Algol was hugely influential in programming-language design—most modern programming languages, such as C and Java, can trace their roots to the language.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	algol
释义	Algoln.¹ Brit. /ˈalɡɒl/, U.S. /ˈælˌɡɔl/, /ˈælˌɡɑl/ Forms: Middle English– Algol, 1500s–1600s Algoll. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Algol. Etymology: < post-classical Latin Algol (although this is apparently first attested later: 1493 or earlier, originally in caput Algol , a calque on the Arabic name of the star; compare quot. 1583) < Arabic al-ġūl (in ra's al-ġūl , literally ‘head of the demon’; < ra's head (see ras n.¹) + al the + ġūl ghoul n., perhaps after post-classical Latin Gorgonis caput (see Medusa's head n.); compare also Hellenistic Greek ἡ Γοργόνος κεϕαλή (Eratosthenes, rare)). Compare Middle French, French Algol (1566 or earlier).In head of Algol (in quot. 1577) after post-classical Latin caput Algol, which is also sometimes borrowed in full; compare:1583 J. Harvey Astrol. Addition sig. D1 Caput Algol, whose Longitude is in the 20. grade, 38. mi. of Taurus: Latitude from the Ecliptike line. 23. grades, 0. min. Astronomy. The second brightest star in the constellation Perseus (β Persei), a variable star which is an eclipsing binary. Also called the Demon Star; cf. Caput Medusae at caput n. 4, Medusa's head n. 1.Algol was the first eclipsing binary star to be identified as such, by E. C. Pickering in 1881, its variability having been first recorded by G. Montanari in 1667. Its brightness varies periodically when one of two component stars passes in front of the other as they orbit each other. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > binary star or system > [noun] > eclipsing Algola1393 demon star1868 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. l. 1329 (MED) The thridde [star]..Is hote Algol the clere rede. 1577 T. Rogers tr. S. à Geveren Of Ende of World f. 15 An Eclypse of the Sun in the twentie degree of Taurus, about the head of Algol, a most cruell and hurtfull fixed starre. 1681 J. Flamsteed Let. 7 Mar. in I. Newton Corr. (1960) II. 353 It passed in ye Middle betwixt the Northerne in ye Base of ye △, and Mirach; ended betwixt Alamech & Algoll. 1785 T. Jefferson Let. 13 Jan. in Papers (1953) VII. 602 M. Pigott, who had discovered the periodical variations of light in the star Algol, has discovered the like in the η (Eta) of Antinous. 1880 E. C. Pickering in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1880–1 (1881) 16 1 (title) Dimensions of the Fixed Stars, with special reference to Binaries and Variables of the Algol Type. 1935 W. H. Auden & C. Isherwood Dog beneath Skin ii. v. 111 Alan lifting his eyes sees..Algol waxing and waning as his hope. 1965 Listener 20 May 740/2 Algol..seems to shine steadily for two and a half days..and then exhibits a..‘wink’ lasting for several hours. 2011 Times (Nexis) 26 Nov. 115 These eclipses are due to Algol's true nature: not one star, but two, in orbit around each other. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). Algoln.² Brit. /ˈalɡɒl/, U.S. /ˈælˌɡɔl/, /ˈælˌɡɑl/ Forms: 1900s– ALGOL, 1900s– Algol. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: algorithmic adj., language n. Etymology: < algo- (in algorithmic adj.) + l- (in language n.). Computing. Now frequently historical. (The name of) any of several related high-level programming languages, typically used for scientific computations. Also with following numeral, designating a specific version of the language. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > programming language > [noun] > high-level language > language Fortran1956 Algol1959 Lisp1959 Cobol1960 BASIC1964 SNOBOL1964 PL/I1965 APL1966 Pascal1971 C1973 LOGO1976 Prolog1977 Ada1979 C++1984 Perl1987 Java1995 JavaScript1995 1959 A. J. Perlis & K. Samelson in Numerische Mathematik 1 41 (title) Report on the algorithmic language Algol. 1963 Rev. Educ. Res. 33 574 An algorithmic computer language ( algol), which could serve as a programming language and as a standard publication language. 1976 Computers & Humanities 10 376/2 A complete listing of the program, running to some 1300 lines in algol 60. 1992 New Scientist 8 Feb. 48/2 Simula..was a development of algol, one of the earliest computer languages. 1994 IEEE Ann. Hist. Computing Winter 29/1 He became more and more convinced that SIMULA's sophisticated simulation facilities would significantly benefit Algol 60 in its struggle with Fortran. 2007 Nature 26 Apr. 998/2 Algol was hugely influential in programming-language design—most modern programming languages, such as C and Java, can trace their roots to the language. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹a1393n.²1959
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