collectiveadj.n.

a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie (1648) viii. sig. Bb^v In the collective body that hath not derived..the principality of power into some one or few.

1642–3 Duke of Newcastle Declar. in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll. (1721) V. 135 No Multitude of Men in the World, collective or representative.

1783 J. Tucker 4 Lett. Important National Subj. iv. 97 Mankind, taken in their aggregate or collective Capacity.

1819 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 47 31 A collective edition of his works.

1868 H. H. Milman Ann. St. Paul's Cathedral vii. 150 The collective revenues of all these chantries.

1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. vii. §2. 291 Multiple or Collective fruits, formed by the union or compact aggregation of the pistils of several flowers.

1883 Worsley-Benison in Evang. Mag. Oct. 460 Fruits may be ‘Simple’, i.e. the produce of one flower, or ‘Collective’, the produce of many flowers.

1650 Exercitation conc. Usurped Powers 3 Their consent..may be collective, or representative.

1650 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica (ed. 2) iii. xxv. 143 The collective judgement of the world.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 222 The prelates..have no personal but two collective votes.

1806–31 A. Knox Remains (1844) I. 81 Where a collective and combined effect is to be produced.

1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present i. v. 41 We have already a Collective Wisdom.

1875 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life (ed. 2) ix. vi. 324 Our share and place in the collective life of humanity.

1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea I. 358 The Conference of the four Powers represented at Vienna had just agreed to the terms of a collective Note.

1891 B. Webb Cooperative Movement 217 Individualist exchange must follow individualist production, and give place to collective bargaining.

1891 B. Webb Cooperative Movement 217 To gain a clear conception of the collective bargain.

1891 N.E.D. at Collectivism Collective ownership.

1897 S. Webb & B. Webb Industr. Democracy I. 174 The Method of Collective Bargaining.

1900 Daily News 24 Dec. 5/6 The contracts should take the form of collective-bargains in which every man of the same class would share equally.

1916 ‘I. Hay’ First Hundred Thousand (U.S. ed.) iii. 15 If you endeavour to drive a collective bargain with him [sc. the sergeant], you are mutinous.

1923 J. D. Hackett in Management Engin. May Collective bargaining, a mode of fixing the terms of employment by means of bargaining power between an organized body of employees and an employer, or association of employers.

1928 Britain's Industr. Future (Liberal Industr. Inq.) iii. xvi. 195 ‘Collective piece-work’, whereby a group of workers..are guaranteed their regular time-rates but are promised, over and above these, an agreed share of the costs they may save.

1937 W. Lippmann Good Society ii. v. 80 The socialist contention that the collective ownership of the means of production will produce a ‘classless’ state inhabited by a race of men who are purged of acquisitiveness and aggression is wishful thinking.

1939 J. W. Jones Nazi Conception of Law 24 Collective agreements in industry, so far as they are allowed, are naturally interpreted as enacted rules of law rather than as agreements.

1955 Times 14 June 3/3 Once workpeople became convinced that threats yielded better results than reasoned negotiations round the table the whole system of collective bargaining would collapse.

1962 E. Snow Other Side of River (1963) v. lix. 454 The brigades also have collective ownership. They…collectively own the mechanized tools, horses, cattle, small reservoirs, [etc.].

1982 Economist 25 Sept. 88/3 The Social Democrats [in Sweden]..are committed to bringing about a system of collective ownership in business by setting up investment funds, financed by excess profits and payroll taxes.

1898 Psychol. Rev. July 348 Pseudo-scientists who have talked..of ‘collective’ psychology àpropos of the crowd, referring the word ‘psychology’ to the ‘social’ mind.

1911 S. Leacock Lit. Lapses 185 Studies in what may be termed collective psychology are essentially in keeping with the spirit of the present century.

1917 C. E. Long tr. C. G. Jung Coll. Papers Analyt. Psychol. (ed. 2) xv. 453 The repression of the collective psyche..was a necessity for the development of the personality, because collective psychology and personal psychology are in a certain sense irreconcilable.

1917 D. Hecht tr. C. G. Jung Psychol. Unconscious Processes in Coll. Papers (ed. 2) 432 The collective unconscious is the sediment of all the experience of the universe of all time, and is also an image of the universe that has been in process of formation for untold ages.

1926 W. McDougall Outl. Abnormal Psych. 190 It may..be said that Jung's Unconscious comprises, in addition to the individually acquired and repressed complexes, all the innate structure of the mind, and that this, ‘the Collective Unconscious’, is very rich and complex.

1926 W. McDougall Outl. Abnormal Psychol. ix. 198 The Anima is not to be regarded as the whole of the Collective Unconscious; it is only a selection from it.

1943 H. Read Educ. through Art vi. 181 The contents of the collective unconscious..consist of images impressed on the mind from earliest times..and when transformed into conscious formulas, they take the form of tribal lore, myth, fable or fairy tale.

1949 A. Koestler Insight & Outlook xiii. 192 The ‘collective unconscious’ as a kind of common pool or substratum with which all individuals remain somehow connected.

1962 J. L. Henderson in A. Guggenbull-Craig Archetyp (1964) 9 We may for the sake of argument say there are three layers of the collective unconscious.

1919 tr. V. Lenin Land Revol. in Russia 21 The local and central Soviet authority aims.. to foster collective farming.

1925 Current Hist. (U.S.) Oct. 87/1 Only the poorest peasants..go into these collective farm organizations.

1929 Times 25 May 11/7 As a result of their expulsion from a local collective farm, some kulaks (well-to-do-peasants)..raided its premises.

1929 Times 14 June 16/6 Abandonment of the policy of collective farming, which the peasants regard as a revival of serfdom.

1955 Ann. Reg. 1954 189 The free markets on which collective farmers customarily dispose of their surplus.

1958 New Statesman 22 Feb. 242/3 From a visit to two collective farms..he concludes that Israeli Left-wingers are doctrinaire and spartan.

1934 W. S. Churchill in Hansard CCXCII. 2368 The great principle of collective security..is the only principle that will induce hon. Gentlemen opposite to make any preparation for the defence of this island.

1937 A. Huxley Ends & Means ix. 109 In the actual circumstances of the present day, ‘collective security’ means a system of military alliances opposed to another system of military alliances.

1957 F. M. J. Elliott & M. B. Summerskill Dict. Politics 69 A system of collective security requires the acceptance by individual countries of collective decisions, and their willingness to carry out these decisions, if necessary by military action.

1946 Jazz Mag. Sept. 4/2 There is improvisation in Duke's records, not only solo improvisation but collective improvisation at times.

1962 Oxf. Mail 19 Feb. 6/5 Jazz, which had previously leaned heavily on collective improvisation became more and more a soloist's music.

1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria sig. B.v^v The nomynatyue case of a nowne collectyue.

1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. §55. 286 The enemies subdued are comprised under this collective word Amalek.

1846 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic (ed. 2) i. ii. §3 A collective name cannot be predicated of each separately, but only of all taken together.

1876 W. S. Jevons Logic 17 Library is the collective name for many books put together.

1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxiv. 149 The great collective Idea of all Bodies whatsoever signified by the name World.

1725 I. Watts Logick i. iii. §2 When many ideas of the same kind are joined together, and united in one name, or under one view, it is called a collective idea, so an army, or a parliament, is a collection of men..A compound idea unites things of a different kind; but a collective idea things of the same kind.

1727 R. Greene Princ. Philos. Expansive & Contractive Forces 669 Collective Ideas of Substances, as a Troop, Army.

1870 F. C. Bowen Logic i. 11 A Concept is a collective representation of a whole class of things.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) i. iv. 109 This or that number, whether Collective, as three, six, nine; or Ordinal, as the second, third, or fourth.

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 15 This they affirm only from collective reason.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. vi. 21 Controulable..by criticall and collective reason. View more context for this quotation

1751 J. Harris Hermes ii. ii. 246 The Positives above mentioned are either Causal..or Collective, such as, Therefore, Wherefore, Then, &c.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ix. 101 A Jewell (sometimes taken for a single precious stone) is properly a collective of many.

1830 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Weekly Polit. Reg. 24 Apr. 530 Congratulate..your brethren of the Collective..on..the happy effects of their measures.

a1834 S. T. Coleridge Lit. Remains (1839) IV. 438 Life is here the sum or collective of all moral and spiritual acts.

1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present i. v. 41 Wisdom enough..to make an adequate Collective.

1844 Foreign Q. Rev. 33 18 If there exists a multitude, a collective of men.

1925 Nation 25 Nov. 598/1 The breaking up of the old concentrated village into smaller artels or collectives which move out of the village group permanently and form smaller groups living right on the land, which is operated collectively.

1928 Observer 11 Mar. 11/2 The Soviets..form small collectives (cartels) in the making and mending of small machines, [etc.].

1937 New Statesman 13 Nov. 791/2 I have seen these in ‘aptekas’ in small out-of-the-way villages and in ‘Collectives’ as well as in the large towns.

1940 H. Read Philos. Anarchism iv. 28 Each industry forms itself into a federation of self-governing collectives.