comern.

Brit.

/ˈkʌmə/, U.S.

/ˈkəmər/

Forms: Middle English comar, Middle English–1700s (1900s– nonstandard) commer, Middle English– comer, late Middle English comoner (transmission error), 1500s cummer; also Scottish pre-1700 cummar.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: come v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < come v. + -er suffix¹.Compare Old English cuma visitor, stranger, guest, cognate with Old Frisian -kuma (in neikuma , efterkuma , both in sense ‘descendant’), Old Saxon kumo descendant, someone arriving late, Old High German -quemo , -komo (in niuwiquemo , niuwikomo novice, zuoquemo newcomer, ūfquemo someone or something that rises) < the same Germanic base as come v., with suffix forming agent nouns; compare also welcome n.¹ and the Germanic forms cited at that entry.

a. A person who comes, arrives, or passes to and fro; a visitor; a newcomer. Now rare except with preceding modifying word (see sense 1b), or in collocation with goer (cf. comers and goers at goer n. 1b).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > arrival > [noun] > one who

comerc1390

arriver1620

arrival1847

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > reaching a point or place > [noun] > arrival > one who arrives

comerc1390

arriver1620

arrival1847

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 206 Freres with feir speches fetten him þennes; For knowynge of Comers kepten [a1475 Harl. 875 copeden] him as a Frere.

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 136 Ma þan xxx^m of folke, withouten commers and gangers.

a1475 (a1447) O. Bokenham Mappula Angliae in Englische Studien (1887) 10 14 Yf hit be so þat straungers and comers wille seen þat same sighte.

?1507 C. Brandon et al. Iustes of Maye (de Worde) sig. A.vi Ageynst eche comer that lyst to aduenture..They dyde tourney.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. G6 Whose gates he fownd fast shutt, ne liuing wight To..answere commers call.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. i. 21 Your selfe..stoode as faire As any commer I haue look'd on yet.

1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 34 For the facility of comers between the two Towns.

1762 J. Mitchell Female Pilgrim 292 Two principal persons were appointed to entertain them when they came... Each in his turn waited on the comers.

1775 S. Johnson Taxation no Tyranny 11 To leave his house to a casual comer.

1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. ix. 223 So Clara prepared for the arrival, and greeted the comer.

1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta I. xii. 331 It was not long before the weak-eyed Arabs discovered the comers, by their frank riding, to be Beduins.

1990 M. Brave Bird & R. Erdoes Lakota Woman (1991) ii. 13 Feeding every comer is still a sacred duty, and Sioux women seem always to be cooking.

b. With preceding modifying word (usually an adjective), as night comer, last comer, next comer, recent comer.chance-comer, first-comer: see the first element. See also after-comer n., incomer n., latecomer n.

ΚΠ

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. l. 140 Buryden his body & beden þat men sholde Kepen it fro niȝt-comeres.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iv. f. xxxiiii Farre cummers, out of other straunge countreyes.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Dernier The last commers get the maisterie.

1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions i. ix. 82 Offering themselves to the next commer.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. vi. 82 Half-rearing the lids, to see who the next-comer was; and falling them again.

1811 S. T. Coleridge Let. 30 Nov. in Southey's Life of Bell (1844) II. 645 The entrance..is disagreeable even to foot-comers, and far more so to carriages.

1881 M. E. Braddon Asphodel II. x. 256 Aunt Rhoda..strongly objected to be among those early comers who roam about empty halls dejectedly.

1915 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 9 486 Internment of ships is a recent comer in international law.

2007 N.Y. Times 22 June e26/3 Parking is scarce—early-comers may use New York Aquarium and Keyspan Park parking lots.

c. all comers: everybody who comes or arrives; anybody. Cf. all-comers adj. and n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > types of

all comersc1450

after-gamea1500

fore-game1594

revenge1616

plate1639

set-to1743

return match1753

bye1754

scrub-race1791

anybody's game (also race, match)1826

return1834

barney1843

bonspiel1858

handicap1861

pennant1865

home-and-home1868

benefit match1871

run-off1873

international1877

American tournament1878

Grand Prix1879

single1884

friendly1885

all-comers1889

pair1890

championship1893

round robin1894

replay1895

Olympiad1896

junior varsity1902

lightning tournament1903

rematch1903

road trip1903

pickup1905

freestyle1906

marathon1908

test1908

Derby1909

scrimmage1910

eliminator1911

twosome1911

triala1914

quadrangular1916

slug-fest1916

varsity match1921

needle contest1922

curtain jerker1923

needle match1923

open1926

needle fight1927

knock-out1928

shirt1930

masters1933

pro-amateur1934

tune-up1934

World Cup1934

pro-am1937

state1941

sizzler1942

runathon1943

mismatch1954

run-out1955

match-up1959

squeaker1961

triple-header1961

Super Bowl1967

invitational1968

needle game1970

major1976

slobberknocker1986

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > [noun] > state of being non-specific > unspecified thing(s) > anyone > who comes

all comersc1450

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > challenge or challenging > [noun] > person(s) accepting challenge

answerer1494

all comers1614

c1450 King Ponthus (Digby) in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1897) 12 139 Ponthus was of the inner partie, and the Duke of Gloucestre, Barnard de La Roche..for to iuste aganes all comoners [read comers; Fr. venans].

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 93 The chapell shall Ioye all offeryngis there I-do, and to all comers..shold be fre sittyng.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. x. f. 86^v Making place for al commers.

1614 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. II. O.T. vi. 222 To stand alone, & challenge all commers.

1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 112 The Temple of Honour stands open to all Comers.

1728 J. Gonson Third Charge to Grand Jury 30 Houses of common Lewdness and Gaming..lodging all Comers for a Penny and Two-pence per Night.

1762 S. Foote tr. P. N. Destouches Spendthrift i. iv, in S. Foote et al. Comic Theatre I. 123 He keeps open hose for all comers and goers.

1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. iv. 62 To make his rooms pleasant to all comers.

1879 J. Morley Burke ii. 20 The immortal club where Johnson did conversational battle with all comers.

1973 Guardian 28 June 13/3 A ten-round [chess] championship open to all-comers.

2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 June 6/4 Ashbery's verse is ultimately neither for friends or critics but for all comers.

†2. Of a plant: = grower n. 1a. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > [noun] > growing plant

grower1562

springer1615

comer1626

shooter1731

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §594 These latter sort [of plants] are all swift and hasty Comers.

3. A person who or thing which promises to develop quickly or well, or to achieve success. Cf. to come on 3 at come v. Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun] > to a further or higher stage > person or animal who

comer1879

1879 St. Nicholas Mag. Nov. 84/2 A crab..is always very poor to begin with; but he eats everything he gets hold of, which..fattens him up some. Then he is called a ‘comer’.

1890 H. C. Palmer Stories of Base Ball Field 91 He piled up error after error, but Dan said he was a ‘comer’.

1901 Rep. Kansas State Board Agric. 20 85 This bull..shows that remarkable looseness and elasticity of hide that indicates a ‘comer’ when he is put next to the feed-box.

1927 M. Charnley Secrets of Baseball iv. 51 The last time I saw him play he looked like a comer.

1959 Sunday Express 15 Feb. 10/2 The younger man..is a ‘comer’, a diplomat with a future.

1989 R. Hansen Nebraska Stories 101 Mickey turned the firm into a real comer in South Bend.

2001 M. Blake 24 Karat Schmooze ix. 96 Reece put him at twenty-eight years old and a comer.

Compounds

With adverbs, forming compound agent nouns corresponding to adverbial combinations of come (see come v. Phrasal verbs 1), as comer about, comer again, comer by, comer in, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > visitor

comerc1390

repairera1464

resorter1533

visitant1601

visitor1728

visiter1843

society > leisure > social event > visit > visitor > [noun]

resorter1533

comer1576

visitor1576

visiter1592

visitant1601

caller1786

visitress1827

visiting fireman1926

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > migrant > [noun] > immigrant

comelinga1325

incomer1526

income1555

comer1581

adventivea1626

transplanteea1687

immigrantc1787

importation1787

migrant1795

immigrator1836

importee1858

metic1904

wog1966

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 45 For knihtes of Cuntre and Comers aboute.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ezek. xxxv. 7 Y schal take awei fro it a goere and a comere aȝen.

c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 68 Þe disciplis lowse þe comar out.

1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. E.ij^v And shewe their scarres to euery commer by.

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxix. 218 Comers in, and goers out of one countrey into another.

1678 J. Vernon Compl. Compting-house 190 The first Comer-by puts the Note of each Man's Name upon each Lot or Division.

1692 J. Dunton Young-students-libr. 147/1 These who were attackt with this Distemper, were comers-out amongst the rest of the People, till they were visited by the Priests, and declared Lepers.

1725 M. Gally tr. Theophrastus Moral Characters xx. 251 There are as many Comers-in and Goers-out of his House, as if it were a publick Inn.

1784 Handbill 14 Aug. in Lewin Lett. (1909) I. i. 24 Catch weights, play or pay; the last comer-in to win.

1800 J. Bentham Wks. (1843) X. xiii. 356/1 Comers-in by birth; comers-in by migration.

1870 London Society Christmas No. 71/2 Volunteer vagabonds, who are ready to run anywhere in the cause of the comers-out [of theatres].

1930 Daily Express 6 Oct. 16/1 Seddon is a comer-on. He is going to be a very useful member of the Arsenal brigade.

1991 Guardian 1 Nov. 2/8 The fracas follows charges by one or other candidate that the others are ‘comers-in’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	comer
释义	comern. Brit. /ˈkʌmə/, U.S. /ˈkəmər/ Forms: Middle English comar, Middle English–1700s (1900s– nonstandard) commer, Middle English– comer, late Middle English comoner (transmission error), 1500s cummer; also Scottish pre-1700 cummar. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: come v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < come v. + -er suffix¹.Compare Old English cuma visitor, stranger, guest, cognate with Old Frisian -kuma (in neikuma , efterkuma , both in sense ‘descendant’), Old Saxon kumo descendant, someone arriving late, Old High German -quemo , -komo (in niuwiquemo , niuwikomo novice, zuoquemo newcomer, ūfquemo someone or something that rises) < the same Germanic base as come v., with suffix forming agent nouns; compare also welcome n.¹ and the Germanic forms cited at that entry. 1. a. A person who comes, arrives, or passes to and fro; a visitor; a newcomer. Now rare except with preceding modifying word (see sense 1b), or in collocation with goer (cf. comers and goers at goer n. 1b). ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > arrival > [noun] > one who comerc1390 arriver1620 arrival1847 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > reaching a point or place > [noun] > arrival > one who arrives comerc1390 arriver1620 arrival1847 c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 206 Freres with feir speches fetten him þennes; For knowynge of Comers kepten [a1475 Harl. 875 copeden] him as a Frere. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 136 Ma þan xxx^m of folke, withouten commers and gangers. a1475 (a1447) O. Bokenham Mappula Angliae in Englische Studien (1887) 10 14 Yf hit be so þat straungers and comers wille seen þat same sighte. ?1507 C. Brandon et al. Iustes of Maye (de Worde) sig. A.vi Ageynst eche comer that lyst to aduenture..They dyde tourney. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. G6 Whose gates he fownd fast shutt, ne liuing wight To..answere commers call. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. i. 21 Your selfe..stoode as faire As any commer I haue look'd on yet. View more context for this quotation 1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 34 For the facility of comers between the two Towns. 1762 J. Mitchell Female Pilgrim 292 Two principal persons were appointed to entertain them when they came... Each in his turn waited on the comers. 1775 S. Johnson Taxation no Tyranny 11 To leave his house to a casual comer. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. ix. 223 So Clara prepared for the arrival, and greeted the comer. 1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta I. xii. 331 It was not long before the weak-eyed Arabs discovered the comers, by their frank riding, to be Beduins. 1990 M. Brave Bird & R. Erdoes Lakota Woman (1991) ii. 13 Feeding every comer is still a sacred duty, and Sioux women seem always to be cooking. b. With preceding modifying word (usually an adjective), as night comer, last comer, next comer, recent comer.chance-comer, first-comer: see the first element. See also after-comer n., incomer n., latecomer n. ΚΠ c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xix. l. 140 Buryden his body & beden þat men sholde Kepen it fro niȝt-comeres. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iv. f. xxxiiii Farre cummers, out of other straunge countreyes. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Dernier The last commers get the maisterie. 1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions i. ix. 82 Offering themselves to the next commer. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. vi. 82 Half-rearing the lids, to see who the next-comer was; and falling them again. 1811 S. T. Coleridge Let. 30 Nov. in Southey's Life of Bell (1844) II. 645 The entrance..is disagreeable even to foot-comers, and far more so to carriages. 1881 M. E. Braddon Asphodel II. x. 256 Aunt Rhoda..strongly objected to be among those early comers who roam about empty halls dejectedly. 1915 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 9 486 Internment of ships is a recent comer in international law. 2007 N.Y. Times 22 June e26/3 Parking is scarce—early-comers may use New York Aquarium and Keyspan Park parking lots. c. all comers: everybody who comes or arrives; anybody. Cf. all-comers adj. and n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > types of all comersc1450 after-gamea1500 fore-game1594 revenge1616 plate1639 set-to1743 return match1753 bye1754 scrub-race1791 anybody's game (also race, match)1826 return1834 barney1843 bonspiel1858 handicap1861 pennant1865 home-and-home1868 benefit match1871 run-off1873 international1877 American tournament1878 Grand Prix1879 single1884 friendly1885 all-comers1889 pair1890 championship1893 round robin1894 replay1895 Olympiad1896 junior varsity1902 lightning tournament1903 rematch1903 road trip1903 pickup1905 freestyle1906 marathon1908 test1908 Derby1909 scrimmage1910 eliminator1911 twosome1911 triala1914 quadrangular1916 slug-fest1916 varsity match1921 needle contest1922 curtain jerker1923 needle match1923 open1926 needle fight1927 knock-out1928 shirt1930 masters1933 pro-amateur1934 tune-up1934 World Cup1934 pro-am1937 state1941 sizzler1942 runathon1943 mismatch1954 run-out1955 match-up1959 squeaker1961 triple-header1961 Super Bowl1967 invitational1968 needle game1970 major1976 slobberknocker1986 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > [noun] > state of being non-specific > unspecified thing(s) > anyone > who comes all comersc1450 society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > challenge or challenging > [noun] > person(s) accepting challenge answerer1494 all comers1614 c1450 King Ponthus (Digby) in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1897) 12 139 Ponthus was of the inner partie, and the Duke of Gloucestre, Barnard de La Roche..for to iuste aganes all comoners [read comers; Fr. venans]. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 93 The chapell shall Ioye all offeryngis there I-do, and to all comers..shold be fre sittyng. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. x. f. 86^v Making place for al commers. 1614 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. II. O.T. vi. 222 To stand alone, & challenge all commers. 1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 112 The Temple of Honour stands open to all Comers. 1728 J. Gonson Third Charge to Grand Jury 30 Houses of common Lewdness and Gaming..lodging all Comers for a Penny and Two-pence per Night. 1762 S. Foote tr. P. N. Destouches Spendthrift i. iv, in S. Foote et al. Comic Theatre I. 123 He keeps open hose for all comers and goers. 1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. iv. 62 To make his rooms pleasant to all comers. 1879 J. Morley Burke ii. 20 The immortal club where Johnson did conversational battle with all comers. 1973 Guardian 28 June 13/3 A ten-round [chess] championship open to all-comers. 2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 4 June 6/4 Ashbery's verse is ultimately neither for friends or critics but for all comers. †2. Of a plant: = grower n. 1a. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > [noun] > growing plant grower1562 springer1615 comer1626 shooter1731 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §594 These latter sort [of plants] are all swift and hasty Comers. 3. A person who or thing which promises to develop quickly or well, or to achieve success. Cf. to come on 3 at come v. Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun] > to a further or higher stage > person or animal who comer1879 1879 St. Nicholas Mag. Nov. 84/2 A crab..is always very poor to begin with; but he eats everything he gets hold of, which..fattens him up some. Then he is called a ‘comer’. 1890 H. C. Palmer Stories of Base Ball Field 91 He piled up error after error, but Dan said he was a ‘comer’. 1901 Rep. Kansas State Board Agric. 20 85 This bull..shows that remarkable looseness and elasticity of hide that indicates a ‘comer’ when he is put next to the feed-box. 1927 M. Charnley Secrets of Baseball iv. 51 The last time I saw him play he looked like a comer. 1959 Sunday Express 15 Feb. 10/2 The younger man..is a ‘comer’, a diplomat with a future. 1989 R. Hansen Nebraska Stories 101 Mickey turned the firm into a real comer in South Bend. 2001 M. Blake 24 Karat Schmooze ix. 96 Reece put him at twenty-eight years old and a comer. Compounds With adverbs, forming compound agent nouns corresponding to adverbial combinations of come (see come v. Phrasal verbs 1), as comer about, comer again, comer by, comer in, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > visitor comerc1390 repairera1464 resorter1533 visitant1601 visitor1728 visiter1843 society > leisure > social event > visit > visitor > [noun] resorter1533 comer1576 visitor1576 visiter1592 visitant1601 caller1786 visitress1827 visiting fireman1926 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > migrant > [noun] > immigrant comelinga1325 incomer1526 income1555 comer1581 adventivea1626 transplanteea1687 immigrantc1787 importation1787 migrant1795 immigrator1836 importee1858 metic1904 wog1966 c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. ii. l. 45 For knihtes of Cuntre and Comers aboute. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ezek. xxxv. 7 Y schal take awei fro it a goere and a comere aȝen. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 68 Þe disciplis lowse þe comar out. 1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas sig. E.ij^v And shewe their scarres to euery commer by. 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxix. 218 Comers in, and goers out of one countrey into another. 1678 J. Vernon Compl. Compting-house 190 The first Comer-by puts the Note of each Man's Name upon each Lot or Division. 1692 J. Dunton Young-students-libr. 147/1 These who were attackt with this Distemper, were comers-out amongst the rest of the People, till they were visited by the Priests, and declared Lepers. 1725 M. Gally tr. Theophrastus Moral Characters xx. 251 There are as many Comers-in and Goers-out of his House, as if it were a publick Inn. 1784 Handbill 14 Aug. in Lewin Lett. (1909) I. i. 24 Catch weights, play or pay; the last comer-in to win. 1800 J. Bentham Wks. (1843) X. xiii. 356/1 Comers-in by birth; comers-in by migration. 1870 London Society Christmas No. 71/2 Volunteer vagabonds, who are ready to run anywhere in the cause of the comers-out [of theatres]. 1930 Daily Express 6 Oct. 16/1 Seddon is a comer-on. He is going to be a very useful member of the Arsenal brigade. 1991 Guardian 1 Nov. 2/8 The fracas follows charges by one or other candidate that the others are ‘comers-in’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1390
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