Alann.adj.

Brit.

/ˈalən/,

/əˈlɑːn/,

/ˈeɪlən/, U.S.

/ˈælən/,

/əˈlɑn/,

/ˈeɪlən/

Inflections: Plural Alans, Alani Brit.

/əˈlɑːni/,

/əˈleɪni/, U.S.

/əˈlɑni/,

/əˈleɪni/, unchanged.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Alānus.

Etymology: < classical Latin Alānus (plural Alānī ) member of an ancient Iranian-speaking people, related to the Scythians and Sarmatians < an Iranian ethnonym (ultimately cognate with Persian īrān , the name of Iran: see Iranian adj.), apparently < the same Indo-Iranian base as Old Persian ariya (see Aryan adj.) + a suffix < the Indo-European base of -an suffix. Compare Hellenistic Greek Ἀλανοί, plural (2nd cent. a.d. in Ptolemy).The -l- is the result of an internal phonological development in Alanic and a small number of other Iranian languages.

A. n.

A member of a nomadic people of the northern Caucasus from whom the Ossetians are thought to be descended.The Alans are first mentioned in Roman sources as dwelling near the Caspian Sea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [noun] > person

Idumaeanc897

PhilistineeOE

PhilisteeOE

Philistianc1375

Midianitea1382

Moabitea1382

Chaldee1382

Scytha1387

Ammonitea1393

Alana1450

Amorite1530

Kenite1535

Scythian1543

Nabatean1555

Illyrian1584

Sabaean1607

Hittite1608

Homerite1613

White Hun1653

Judahite1708

Alarodian1709

Cimmerian1797

Thamudite1833

Himyarite1842

Akkadian1857

Saka1880

Ephthalite1882

Kassite1888

Hurrian1911

Hattian1914

Tarsian1914

Subarian1923

Gutian1928

Urartian1934

Nesite1949

Luvian1961

Eblaite1976

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 19^v For þow among gothus and alanus & hunus horsmen vsen to ben armed.

c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 58 (MED) These Alani dwelle in..Sithia; it is hens northest toward Constantinople.

1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 16^v Biorgus kyng of the Alani, afterwardes called Alemani, who entred into Italie by the way of Trent.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Vincent of Beauvais in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 66 On the South side it hath the Alani.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. iv. xii. p. 83 The bastard and degenerate Scythians..and anon the Alani.

1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia x. 443 He whom the fierce Alanis might, Nor Scythians rage could ought affright.

1728 A. Pope Dunciad iii. 82 The North..Great nurse of Goths, of Alans, and of Huns.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xii. 329 He had negotiated with the Alani, a Scythian people, who pitched their tents in the neighbourhood of the lake Mœotis.

1846 A. T. Thomson tr. E. Salverte Occult Sci. I. viii. 193 The Rhabdomantic art was practiced among the Alani and the Scythians.

1877 S. Baring-Gould Lives Saints: Dec. 147 Aspar..was an Alan by birth, and an Arian by profession.

1913 E. H. Minns Scythians & Greeks iv. 37 Klaproth first proved in 1822 that the Ossetes are the same as the Caucasian Alans.

1932 C. H. Dawson Making of Europe v. 87 Reinforced by..Sarmatian Alans from across the Danube.

1999 M. Kurlansky Basque Hist. of World i. ii. 35 These so-called barbarians—Vandals, Suevi, and Alans—easily passed the Basque ports of the Pyrenees.

B. adj.

Of or relating to the Alans or their language; Alanic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of the Caucasus > [adjective]

Circassian1638

Alan1705

Lezgin1780

Abkhaz1788

Mingrelian1788

Ossetin1788

Abaza1823

Lezgi1828

Ainua1837

Adyghe1847

Ossetic1850

Ossetian1854

Svanetian1854

Abkhazian1856

Avarian1875

Ossete1884

Ossetan1892

Kabardian1902

Gurian1932

1705 L. Echard Rom. Hist. V. iii. 188 The Daughter of an Alan Prince.

1787 ‘J. M—d’ Revelation St. John App. 499 The Visigoths, who reigned in Spain after the reduction of the Alan and Suevian kingdoms.

1833 Penny Cycl. I. 395/1 We still possess a fragment by Arrian, entitled ‘The Order of Battle against the Alans’, probably a part of a larger work on the Alan war.

1879 Academy 9 Aug. 105/1 When the Pannonian Avars appeared on the Alan frontier ( a.d. 558), they displayed from the first the most intense anxiety to get to the westward.

1913 E. H. Minns Scythians & Greeks xviii. 555 [The name] is almost certainly Iranian, but we cannot take this as throwing light on the Tauri for it is more probably Alan.

1970 Iran 8 69 The Mongol invasion destroyed the Alan state.

2002 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 122 181/1 An Alan chieftain in Mongolia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	alan
释义	Alann.adj. Brit. /ˈalən/, /əˈlɑːn/, /ˈeɪlən/, U.S. /ˈælən/, /əˈlɑn/, /ˈeɪlən/ Inflections: Plural Alans, Alani Brit. /əˈlɑːni/, /əˈleɪni/, U.S. /əˈlɑni/, /əˈleɪni/, unchanged. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Alānus. Etymology: < classical Latin Alānus (plural Alānī ) member of an ancient Iranian-speaking people, related to the Scythians and Sarmatians < an Iranian ethnonym (ultimately cognate with Persian īrān , the name of Iran: see Iranian adj.), apparently < the same Indo-Iranian base as Old Persian ariya (see Aryan adj.) + a suffix < the Indo-European base of -an suffix. Compare Hellenistic Greek Ἀλανοί, plural (2nd cent. a.d. in Ptolemy).The -l- is the result of an internal phonological development in Alanic and a small number of other Iranian languages. A. n. A member of a nomadic people of the northern Caucasus from whom the Ossetians are thought to be descended.The Alans are first mentioned in Roman sources as dwelling near the Caspian Sea. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > ancient peoples of the Middle East and Asia Minor > [noun] > person Idumaeanc897 PhilistineeOE PhilisteeOE Philistianc1375 Midianitea1382 Moabitea1382 Chaldee1382 Scytha1387 Ammonitea1393 Alana1450 Amorite1530 Kenite1535 Scythian1543 Nabatean1555 Illyrian1584 Sabaean1607 Hittite1608 Homerite1613 White Hun1653 Judahite1708 Alarodian1709 Cimmerian1797 Thamudite1833 Himyarite1842 Akkadian1857 Saka1880 Ephthalite1882 Kassite1888 Hurrian1911 Hattian1914 Tarsian1914 Subarian1923 Gutian1928 Urartian1934 Nesite1949 Luvian1961 Eblaite1976 a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 19^v For þow among gothus and alanus & hunus horsmen vsen to ben armed. c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 58 (MED) These Alani dwelle in..Sithia; it is hens northest toward Constantinople. 1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 16^v Biorgus kyng of the Alani, afterwardes called Alemani, who entred into Italie by the way of Trent. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Vincent of Beauvais in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 66 On the South side it hath the Alani. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. iv. xii. p. 83 The bastard and degenerate Scythians..and anon the Alani. 1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia x. 443 He whom the fierce Alanis might, Nor Scythians rage could ought affright. 1728 A. Pope Dunciad iii. 82 The North..Great nurse of Goths, of Alans, and of Huns. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xii. 329 He had negotiated with the Alani, a Scythian people, who pitched their tents in the neighbourhood of the lake Mœotis. 1846 A. T. Thomson tr. E. Salverte Occult Sci. I. viii. 193 The Rhabdomantic art was practiced among the Alani and the Scythians. 1877 S. Baring-Gould Lives Saints: Dec. 147 Aspar..was an Alan by birth, and an Arian by profession. 1913 E. H. Minns Scythians & Greeks iv. 37 Klaproth first proved in 1822 that the Ossetes are the same as the Caucasian Alans. 1932 C. H. Dawson Making of Europe v. 87 Reinforced by..Sarmatian Alans from across the Danube. 1999 M. Kurlansky Basque Hist. of World i. ii. 35 These so-called barbarians—Vandals, Suevi, and Alans—easily passed the Basque ports of the Pyrenees. B. adj. Of or relating to the Alans or their language; Alanic. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of the Caucasus > [adjective] Circassian1638 Alan1705 Lezgin1780 Abkhaz1788 Mingrelian1788 Ossetin1788 Abaza1823 Lezgi1828 Ainua1837 Adyghe1847 Ossetic1850 Ossetian1854 Svanetian1854 Abkhazian1856 Avarian1875 Ossete1884 Ossetan1892 Kabardian1902 Gurian1932 1705 L. Echard Rom. Hist. V. iii. 188 The Daughter of an Alan Prince. 1787 ‘J. M—d’ Revelation St. John App. 499 The Visigoths, who reigned in Spain after the reduction of the Alan and Suevian kingdoms. 1833 Penny Cycl. I. 395/1 We still possess a fragment by Arrian, entitled ‘The Order of Battle against the Alans’, probably a part of a larger work on the Alan war. 1879 Academy 9 Aug. 105/1 When the Pannonian Avars appeared on the Alan frontier ( a.d. 558), they displayed from the first the most intense anxiety to get to the westward. 1913 E. H. Minns Scythians & Greeks xviii. 555 [The name] is almost certainly Iranian, but we cannot take this as throwing light on the Tauri for it is more probably Alan. 1970 Iran 8 69 The Mongol invasion destroyed the Alan state. 2002 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 122 181/1 An Alan chieftain in Mongolia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.a1450
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