agonn.

Brit.

/ˈaɡəʊn/, U.S.

/ˈæɡoʊn/

Inflections: Plural agones Brit.

/əˈɡəʊniːz/, U.S.

/əˈɡoʊˌniz/.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin agōn; Greek ἀγών.

Etymology: < (i) classical Latin agōn struggle, public exhibition of games, contest, in post-classical Latin also spiritual struggle, martyrdom (late 2nd cent. in Tertullian), death struggle (11th cent.; 12th cent. in a British source), and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek ἀγών gathering or assembly, especially for the public games, contest for a prize at the games, any contest or struggle, battle, action at law, mental struggle, anxiety, in Hellenistic Greek also speech delivered in court or before an assembly, in Byzantine Greek also (in rhetoric) main argument of a speech < ἄγειν to lead, bring with one ( < the same Indo-European base as act v.) + -ών, suffix forming nouns. Compare French agon (1721), German Agon (18th cent. or earlier).In the plural agones ultimately after the Greek plural ἀγῶνες.

I. Literal senses.

1. A public celebration of games, including athletic, dramatic, and musical contests, in the ancient Greek or Roman world; a contest for a prize at such games.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > series of, as public spectacle > in ancient world

jousta1387

tournamenta1387

tourney1485

game1531

gaming1564

agon1592

1592 H. Broughton Apol. in Briefe Assertions sig. F3^v Suidas placeth Philips agones, or triumphs in Olympiade 100.

1600 P. Holland tr. J. B. Marlianus Svmmary Topogr. Rome vi. vii, in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 1395 All manner of such shewes and disports, called by the Greeks, Agones, were wont there to be exhibited.

1752 J. Jackson Chronol. Antiq. III. 340 The Treaty and Laws of celebrating the Agon was wrote upon a Disc by those, who were appointed Directors of them.

1772 S. O'Halloran Introd. Study Hist. Ireland ii. v. 160 In the days of Domitian, we find mention made of the Agones, and contests of poets, and other literati: they were of two kinds, the Agon Capitolinus, celebrated in honour of Jupiter, and the Quinquatria, dedicated to Pallas.

1776 R. Chandler Trav. Greece lxxv. 289 The Agon or Games, in which to be victorious was deemed the very summit of human felicity.

1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii. iv. 422 Those religious games or agônes instituted by Herakles.

1873 J. Simms Nature's Revelations Char. 454 Among the Romans, the amusements of the circus did not materially differ from the Greek agonēs or contests celebrated at Olympia, Delphi, and elsewhere.

1913 A. B. Gough in tr. L. Friedländer Rom. Life & Manners under Early Empire IV. 11 The victories of Greek and Asiatic athletes, musicians, singers, flute and cithara players in the Capitoline and other Roman agones are frequently mentioned in their inscriptions.

2007 E. Dvorjetski Leisure, Pleasure & Healing viii. 378 The victors in the Pan-Hellenic agones, particularly the Olympic Games, achieved fame throughout Greece.

2. A verbal contest or dispute between two characters in an ancient Greek play.In quot. 1932 in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [noun] > in Greek drama

agon1847

stichomythia1861

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > a play > [noun] > parts of ancient Greek play

protasisa1568

catastrophe1579

epitasis1589

antistrophea1620

catastasis1656

episode1678

exode1764

agon1847

stichomythia1861

1847 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art §425. 505 Costuming of players for a comic and satyric agon [Ger. Agon].

1887 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 8 197 The participants in an Agon are the Choros.., the two antagonists, the judge, and the clown.

1914 F. M. Cornford Origin Attic Comedy i. 2 What is now generally called the Agon, a fierce ‘contest’ between the representatives of two parties or principles, which are in effect the hero and villain of the whole piece.

1918 R. C. Flickinger Greek Theater & its Drama 41 The agon, a ‘dramatized debate’ or verbal duel between two actors, each supported by a semi-chorus.

1932 T. S. Eliot Sweeney Agonistes 23 Fragment of an Agon.

2004 G. E. Brown in S. M. Deats et al. War & Words 53 Whatever the extent of Helen's responsibility for war, the agon, or debate, between Helen and Hecuba is a question of life or death for Helen.

II. In figurative contexts or extended uses.

3. A painful struggle, esp. a psychological one; a conflict, fight, competition.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] > an act or instance of

flitec1000

strifea1225

wara1300

pulla1400

lakec1420

contenta1450

stour?c1450

contentiona1500

pingle1543

agony1555

feudc1565

combat1567

skirmish1576

grapple1604

counter-scuffle1628

scuffle1641

agon1649

tug1660

tug of war1677

risse1684

struggle1692

palaver1707

hash1789

warsle1792

scrabble1794

set-to1794

go1823

bucklea1849

wrestle1850

tussle1857

head-to-head1884

scrum1905

battleground1931

shoot-out1953

mud-wrestle1986

1649 H. Hammond Christians Obligations iii. 78 Fit for combats and wrestlings and so came out to practise in these Agones.

a1693 W. Sancroft Occas. Serm. (1694) 106 They must do their Exercises too,..be anointed to the Agon, and to the Combat (as the Champions of old..).

1865 Christian Spectator May 278 Even in the expressions, ‘fight the good fight of faith’, and ‘I have fought a good fight’, we have no positive ground for assuming that Paul had the thought of fighting in his mind, any more than any other form of the christian agon.

1926 H. Crane Let. 17 Mar. (1965) 238 The tragic quandary (or agon) of the modern world.

1933 E. K. Chambers Eng. Folk-play 13 The Drama may be further resolved into the Vaunts..at the entry of the combatants and in their dispute, the Combat or Agon, which is dumb sword-play, [etc.].

1989 A. B. Giamatti Take Time for Paradise i. 38 Participant and spectator seek that agon, that competition with self to make the self over.

2007 New Yorker 9 Apr. 74/2 The agon's usual form is an assault, by the party of politics, on the complacency of art lovers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	agon
释义	agonn. Brit. /ˈaɡəʊn/, U.S. /ˈæɡoʊn/ Inflections: Plural agones Brit. /əˈɡəʊniːz/, U.S. /əˈɡoʊˌniz/. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin agōn; Greek ἀγών. Etymology: < (i) classical Latin agōn struggle, public exhibition of games, contest, in post-classical Latin also spiritual struggle, martyrdom (late 2nd cent. in Tertullian), death struggle (11th cent.; 12th cent. in a British source), and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek ἀγών gathering or assembly, especially for the public games, contest for a prize at the games, any contest or struggle, battle, action at law, mental struggle, anxiety, in Hellenistic Greek also speech delivered in court or before an assembly, in Byzantine Greek also (in rhetoric) main argument of a speech < ἄγειν to lead, bring with one ( < the same Indo-European base as act v.) + -ών, suffix forming nouns. Compare French agon (1721), German Agon (18th cent. or earlier).In the plural agones ultimately after the Greek plural ἀγῶνες. I. Literal senses. 1. A public celebration of games, including athletic, dramatic, and musical contests, in the ancient Greek or Roman world; a contest for a prize at such games. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] > series of, as public spectacle > in ancient world jousta1387 tournamenta1387 tourney1485 game1531 gaming1564 agon1592 1592 H. Broughton Apol. in Briefe Assertions sig. F3^v Suidas placeth Philips agones, or triumphs in Olympiade 100. 1600 P. Holland tr. J. B. Marlianus Svmmary Topogr. Rome vi. vii, in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 1395 All manner of such shewes and disports, called by the Greeks, Agones, were wont there to be exhibited. 1752 J. Jackson Chronol. Antiq. III. 340 The Treaty and Laws of celebrating the Agon was wrote upon a Disc by those, who were appointed Directors of them. 1772 S. O'Halloran Introd. Study Hist. Ireland ii. v. 160 In the days of Domitian, we find mention made of the Agones, and contests of poets, and other literati: they were of two kinds, the Agon Capitolinus, celebrated in honour of Jupiter, and the Quinquatria, dedicated to Pallas. 1776 R. Chandler Trav. Greece lxxv. 289 The Agon or Games, in which to be victorious was deemed the very summit of human felicity. 1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii. iv. 422 Those religious games or agônes instituted by Herakles. 1873 J. Simms Nature's Revelations Char. 454 Among the Romans, the amusements of the circus did not materially differ from the Greek agonēs or contests celebrated at Olympia, Delphi, and elsewhere. 1913 A. B. Gough in tr. L. Friedländer Rom. Life & Manners under Early Empire IV. 11 The victories of Greek and Asiatic athletes, musicians, singers, flute and cithara players in the Capitoline and other Roman agones are frequently mentioned in their inscriptions. 2007 E. Dvorjetski Leisure, Pleasure & Healing viii. 378 The victors in the Pan-Hellenic agones, particularly the Olympic Games, achieved fame throughout Greece. 2. A verbal contest or dispute between two characters in an ancient Greek play.In quot. 1932 in extended use. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > controversy, dispute, argument > [noun] > in Greek drama agon1847 stichomythia1861 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > a play > [noun] > parts of ancient Greek play protasisa1568 catastrophe1579 epitasis1589 antistrophea1620 catastasis1656 episode1678 exode1764 agon1847 stichomythia1861 1847 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art §425. 505 Costuming of players for a comic and satyric agon [Ger. Agon]. 1887 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 8 197 The participants in an Agon are the Choros.., the two antagonists, the judge, and the clown. 1914 F. M. Cornford Origin Attic Comedy i. 2 What is now generally called the Agon, a fierce ‘contest’ between the representatives of two parties or principles, which are in effect the hero and villain of the whole piece. 1918 R. C. Flickinger Greek Theater & its Drama 41 The agon, a ‘dramatized debate’ or verbal duel between two actors, each supported by a semi-chorus. 1932 T. S. Eliot Sweeney Agonistes 23 Fragment of an Agon. 2004 G. E. Brown in S. M. Deats et al. War & Words 53 Whatever the extent of Helen's responsibility for war, the agon, or debate, between Helen and Hecuba is a question of life or death for Helen. II. In figurative contexts or extended uses. 3. A painful struggle, esp. a psychological one; a conflict, fight, competition. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] > an act or instance of flitec1000 strifea1225 wara1300 pulla1400 lakec1420 contenta1450 stour?c1450 contentiona1500 pingle1543 agony1555 feudc1565 combat1567 skirmish1576 grapple1604 counter-scuffle1628 scuffle1641 agon1649 tug1660 tug of war1677 risse1684 struggle1692 palaver1707 hash1789 warsle1792 scrabble1794 set-to1794 go1823 bucklea1849 wrestle1850 tussle1857 head-to-head1884 scrum1905 battleground1931 shoot-out1953 mud-wrestle1986 1649 H. Hammond Christians Obligations iii. 78 Fit for combats and wrestlings and so came out to practise in these Agones. a1693 W. Sancroft Occas. Serm. (1694) 106 They must do their Exercises too,..be anointed to the Agon, and to the Combat (as the Champions of old..). 1865 Christian Spectator May 278 Even in the expressions, ‘fight the good fight of faith’, and ‘I have fought a good fight’, we have no positive ground for assuming that Paul had the thought of fighting in his mind, any more than any other form of the christian agon. 1926 H. Crane Let. 17 Mar. (1965) 238 The tragic quandary (or agon) of the modern world. 1933 E. K. Chambers Eng. Folk-play 13 The Drama may be further resolved into the Vaunts..at the entry of the combatants and in their dispute, the Combat or Agon, which is dumb sword-play, [etc.]. 1989 A. B. Giamatti Take Time for Paradise i. 38 Participant and spectator seek that agon, that competition with self to make the self over. 2007 New Yorker 9 Apr. 74/2 The agon's usual form is an assault, by the party of politics, on the complacency of art lovers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1592
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