| 释义 |
commissionern. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French commissioner. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman commissioner a person appointed to perform a task (1344 or earlier) < commission commission n.1 + -er -er suffix2. Compare Middle French commissionere , Middle French, French commissionnaire a person appointed to perform a task (1506), trade agent, broker (1583), temporary delegate (1666), messenger, postal worker, porter (1708); compare later commissionaire n. Compare also post-classical Latin commissionarius commissionary n. and post-classical Latin commissionator (1508 in a British source); compare later commissionar n. and commissionary n. Compare also earlier commissary n.1With β. forms compare commissionar n. (where Scots examples of such forms have been placed) and compare also commissionary n. With γ. forms compare -or suffix. With δ. forms compare -our suffix. I. Senses relating to commission n.1 I.society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one to whom a commission is given 1414 Petition in (1767–77) IV. 57/1 Byfore hene of the persones that weren and ben Commissioners upon myn enditement..I myghte not have been remedied. 1474 W. Caxton tr. (1883) iv. vi. 177 Vicaires lieutenants or comyssioners [Fr. commissaires] of the kynge. ?1520 A. Barclay tr. Sallust xxvi. f. 36v Elect to be one of ye examynors or commyssioners to make inquisycion of these thre poyntes. 1581 W. Raleigh 1 May (1999) 9 I have, by great perswation of the commissioners, gott leve to edifie the same and leve a ward therin. a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Coxcombe v. i, in (1647) sig. Oo4v/2 What clod pole commissioner is this? 1651 in W. Fraser (1867) 445 Ther was ane petticione drawne up in my name to the comishoners for letters of recommendation for your inlardgment. 1678 in W. Fraser (1858) 515 The reasone off my long stay heare is..to waitte upon the Comishoner hes Grace. 1759 W. Robertson I. iii. 183 No commissioner appeared in the name of the king and queen. 1848 H. H. Wilson III. ii. 65 Two several missions had arrived..to propose a conference at Donabew with the British commissioners. 1863 H. Cox i. ix. 155 Inquiries by Royal commissioners are instituted solely by exercise of the Royal prerogative, or may be regulated by statute. 1921 Jan. 17/1 In the account book of William Capron..there is an entry of ten shillings paid to the royal commissioner. 1992 C. E. Challis iii. 355 The commissioners set about the task of putting the Mint to rights with some determination. society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > [noun] > high commissioner society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > government minister > [noun] > head of government department society > authority > office > holder of office > public officials > senior or chief public officials > [noun] > commissioner society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > of colonial or dependent territory a1500 tr. A. Chartier (Rawl.) (1974) 55 (MED) Ye owe Him both seruice and feithe..to kepe rightwisenes as a commyssioner and a ministour [Fr. administrateurs et commis]. 1535 1 Macc. ii. 25 Matathias..slewe ye kynges commissioner [L. virum quem miserat rex], that compelled him to do sacrifice. 1609 II. Index Heliodorus a sacrilegious commissioner was severely beaten by Angels. 1640 W. Bradshaw 100 The civil magistrate hath power to set over the churches of Christ in his dominions, commissioners and overseers which are not specially appointed by Christ in his Testament. 1700 P. Danet at Hemina The Roman Hemine, says Garaut the Commissioner of the Mint, is the same measure. 1797 XIV. 766/2 A person called the clerk of the pipe, makes out leafes of crown-lands, by warrant from the lord-treasurer, or commissioners of the treasury, or chancellor of the exchequer. 1808 J. Bentham 48 Double-refined, and treble-refined, by being percolated through the lips and pens of Commissioners and Commissioners' Clerks, and Agents, and Writers to the Signet. 1886 148 Metropolitan Police Office..Commissioner..Assistant-Commissioner. 1908 (new ed.) XX. 26 Pataudi State, native State in the Punjab, under the political control of the Commissioner of the Delhi Division. 1958 2 June A12/5 The Commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Statistics says the cost of living index is ‘peaking out’. 2002 (Nexis) 11 June a27 Benjamin Ward..became the first black commissioner of the New York City Police Department. society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of body or spec. bodies > [noun] > commission > member of 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus I. Luke f. 10v Emong the Atheniens, Solon made lawes:..emong the Romaynes the tenne Commissioners called in theyr toungue, Decemuiri. c1615 F. Bacon Advice to G. Villiers in (1872) VI. i. 22 The King will appoint Commissioners in the nature of a Council, who may superintend the works of this nature, and regulate what concerns the colonies. 1655 T. Fuller ix. 184 One Hynde called before the Commissioners Ecclesiastical for Usury. 1702 I. i. 75 The Arch-Bishop..was..made one of the Commissioners of the Treasury. 1768 Earl of Malmesbury Diary 28 Feb. in (1844) I. 23 The power, too, of the commissioners of War, and of the Treasury, is cruelly curtailed by making every Nonce incapable of being a commissioner, and vice versâ. 1851 H. Mayhew II. 403/1 The sewers within the City..are in a distinct and strictly defined jurisdiction, superintended by City Commissioners. 1886 143 Charity Commissioners for England and Wales..Chief Commissioner..Second Commissioner..Commissioners..Assistant Commissioners. 1959 P. H. Johnson xxiii. 203 If the Commissioners of Inland Revenue ever caught up with her, she would undoubtedly bring tears to their eyes. 2000 11 July 2/7 Franz Fischler, the EU Commissioner responsible for fisheries, admitted that most of the species at risk..were already ‘over-exploited’. 4. Scottish. 1587 in J. D. Marwick (1870) I. 274 Eduerd Galbraith, commysseoner for Edinburgh. 1654 in J. D. Marwick (1878) III. 370 The saidis sex commissioneris of burrowis that ver appointed to meit with the heritouris..of East Louthiane. 1707 Dk. of Athol in 20 The Barons and Burrows are also further prejudg'd in this, That..one Commissioner will hereafter Represent several Shires or Burghs. 1792 lxv. 251 The complainer was, by a majority of the magistrates and counsellors of the burgh, chosen delegate and commissioner for the burgh. 1839 D. D. Black 57 Against this transaction, we are happy to say, the commissioner for the burgh of Brechin stood out, along with the commissioners for Forfar and Tain. 1926 T. Pagan 66 The commissioner was supposed to bring the sum, known as ‘missive dues’, with him when he came to the meeting. 2013 J. Kopaczyk vii. 122 The first mention of the third estate, the burgh commissioners, can be found in an indenture from 1326. 1587 in (2007) 1587/7/143 His majestie..ordanis the commissioners of all the schirefdomes of this realme..to be electit be the frehalders foirsaidis. 1621 in F. Roberts & I. M. M. Macphail (1972) 28 Item mair to the said Thomas as Commissioner to the Parliament to be haldin at Edinburgh. 1654 in F. Roberts & I. M. M. Macphail (1972) 202 The publict pappers war red for chooseing Commissioners to the Parliament of Ingland. a1698 W. Row Suppl. in R. Blair (1848) (modernized text) 317 Very few barons of quality did countenance the elections of Commissioners, so most malignant and base men were chosen; yea, some towns elected Englishmen. 1703 G. Ridpath Introd. p. xxviii Those very Persons who compos'd our Parliaments, to wit, the greater and lesser Barons, our Freeholders and Commissioners of Burrows, were antiently our Leaders in War. 1738 J. Ogilvie tr. R. Menteith (ed. 2) vii. 258 The coming of new Commissioners from Scotland, who were to join with those of England, in order to make a new attempt to prevail with the King, gave them no Uneasiness. 1827 W. Scott 1st Ser. I. x. 221 Besides other privileges, the boroughs had the very important right of to send representatives, or commissioners, who sat in Parliament. 1849 T. B. Macaulay I. 93 [In the Scottish Parliament] the commissioners of the burghs were considered merely as retainers of the great nobles. 1905 C. S. Terry 81 The Lords of Session, the Commissioners of Shires and Burghs, and privileged attenders of Parliament. 1960 39 12 During these weeks [sc. February 1645] the Scots Commissioners in England..were evolving a scheme..to make a Presbyterian alliance with the King. 2005 48 573 In the sixty-six Scottish royal burghs, the franchise was restricted to burgh council members who voted for a commissioner, or ‘deputy’. 1619 W. Cowper Disc. in sig. B2 The towne shortly after sent their Commissioners, to transport my selfe and my Family. 1699 30 Mar. (single sheet) A Treaty betwixt Our Commissioners appointed by Us, as Marquess of Camphire, and the Commissioners of Our Town of Camphire. 1710 G. Hamilton 2 Being Influenced either by Threats, or Bribery, to Vote for Mr. Bell to be their Commissioner. 1773 A. Wight vi. ii. 350 I will duly make out a commission to the commissioner who shall be chosen by a majority of the town-council assembled. 1873 56 Schedule of Towns..Girvan..Bailies and councillors. Wick and Pulteneytown. Town council and commissioners. 1898 447 The Town Commissioners of Kelso..provided a beautiful showyard free of charge. society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > steward or bailiff in charge of another's property 1760 T. Miller et al. xlii. 61 Campbell of Calder appointed John Hay..commissioner and factor for managing his affairs in Scotland. 1838 W. Bell 183 Extensive land estates are generally placed under the management of a commissioner or commissioners. 1884 Queen Victoria 202 Mr. Loch's father was the commissioner for the late Duke..and the present Mr. Loch..is commissioner to the present Duke. society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > usher > door- or gate-keeper 1820 25 Apr. 1/5 (advt.) Rignolle, late Commissioner at the Hotel Dessein. 1858 43 559 The stranger, who seemed conversant with French customs, gave his keys to the commissioner and his passport to the landlord. 1884 A. Blunt 2 Oct. (1986) 173 Got to Odessa..found a hotel commissioner and a heavy open carriage. society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > book-making > book-maker 1851 26 Jan. 1/4 (advt.) Racing tip book. By Jesse Cooper, many years turf commissioner for a noble lord. 1860 29 Sept. 582 Legs—that is Blacklegs—the betting brokers were formerly called; but now..they are Turfmen or Commissioners. 1887 E. J. Goodman (1888) viii. 94 Right you are, sir, exclaimed the commissioner, taking out his betting-book and pencil. 1939 P. G. Wodehouse xiv. 204 I was at one time a turf commissioner, operating in the Silver Ring. 2014 L. Rendelstein vii Dave..introduced me to Otto Korbitz, the betting commissioner, as a possible new sub-runner. 1885 28 Sept. 5/4 Mr. Toby Hart the Exposition Baseball Commissioner, will leave..for the purpose of completing arrangements for a professional series of games.] 1897 9 Jan. 2/4 I was elected a delegate from the Athletic Club, and..President Humphries of the Association appointed me Boxing Commissioner. 1921 14 Apr. 12/4 Each major league club owner has received orders from Commissioner Landis to drive all gamblers out of the ball parks. 1939 4 Apr. 7/2 Carter Curtis.., only two years and ten months old.., was granted an apprentice jockey's license by Edward Fry, commissioner of racing for Michigan. 1968 13 Feb. 29/1 Gaudaur accepted the job as commissioner of the Canadian Football League. 1974 R. A. Caro iv. xv. 264 Boxing promoters had learned the wisdom of crossing the commissioners' palms with free tickets. 1991 B. Granger xix. 107 Frances Downes gave the commissioner of football a full, fine smile... ‘Hello, Commissioner, I knew you'd make it.’ 2006 M. Conrad x. 240 Major league players who possess, sell, or use..controlled substances risk disciplinary action by their individual clubs or by the commissioner. 1933 10 June 15/8 The National Commission to Advance American Art recommends to prospective American commissioners of art work that they select the artist to do the work through the holding of competitions. 1985 A. E. Elsen iii. 53/1 It is fair to assume that his commissioner, Edmond Turquet, expected Rodin to follow the traditional episodic panel format. 1998 R. Pettinger iv. 43 The perceptions and expectations that the commissioner of the work has on the part of the person who is actually carrying it out. 2007 M. Murphy i. 36 A lover and commissioner of new music. †II. Senses relating to commission n.1 II.the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > one who acts or does society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > evil-doer 1651 W. Greenhill xvi. 250 He will..search out the authors, contrivers, and Commissioners of this scarlet sin. 1886 5 23 Mere weakness of mind does not excuse the commissioner of crime. If one is of sound mind he is responsible for his criminal act. Phrases†P1. the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > [noun] > highwayman > footpad 1592 T. Nashe (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. B2 v I am vacuus viator, and care not though I meete the Commissionars of New-market-heath at high midnight. P2. society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > [noun] > bankruptcy > appointee administering property of bankrupt a1642 R. Callis (1647) iii. 131 I am of Opinion, That the Commissioners of Bankrupts and charitable uses, have no power to commit any man. 1704 Act in (1906) XXVI. 280 The Comissioners of Bankrupt shall be adjudged..to have the same right to such Goods and Cargo..as they have to any the Goods and Wares of the sayd Bankrupt in England. 1766 W. Cowper 27 Oct. (1979) I. 154 If every Dealer and Chapman was connected with Creditors like You, the poor Commissioners of Bankrupts would be ruined. 1848 J. J. S. Wharton 252/2 Fiat in Bankruptcy, the authority of the Lord Chancellor to a commissioner of bankrupts, authorising him to proceed in the bankruptcy of a trader mentioned therein. 1906 64 439 By the 58th section of the statute 5 & 6 Vict. c. 122, the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury were empowered to award to commissioners of bankrupt, whose duties were abolished by that Act, an annuity. 2009 (Nexis) 22 Feb. Charles Bicknell,..the solicitor to both the Prince of Wales and the Admiralty, and also the Commissioner of Bankrupts. P3. 1853 c. 78 §1 The Persons now styled ‘Masters Extraordinary in Chancery’ shall cease to be so styled, and they..hereafter..shall be designated ‘Commissioners to administer Oaths in Chancery in England’.] 1854 28 Oct. 506/2 Pringle, William, Solicitor, of 3, King's Road, Bedford Row, Commissioner of Oaths in Chancery. 1877 1 Sept. 304/1 There are about 4500 commissioners for oaths in England and Wales alone. 1920 G. B. Shaw in Jan. 14/1 I was looking for a Commissioner of Oaths to witness some legal profanity or other. 2001 I. McEwan 348 Robbie reminded her to have money with her when she saw the commissioner for oaths. Compounds1640 T. Roe in (1641) 216 They had served his Majesty in quality of Commissioners Ambassadors. 1725 D. Defoe i. 42 I caused my Commissionor Letter of Mart to be read to them all. 1837 S. Smith Let. to Singleton in (1859) II. 268/1 The love of what is just had not excited the Commissioner-Bishops. 1861 (Knowsley Pamphlet Coll.) 29 To increase as much as possible the value of small country livings, the patronage of which is of use to any dignitary, especially a Commissioner Bishop. 1933 13 531 Petition from imprisoned Indians protesting against their prosecutor, Juan de Dios Ayesta. It is directed to the commissioner judge. 2014 (Nexis) 20 Sept. d7 His idea and choice of a one-of-a-kind sports commissioner-councillor, responsible for the public relations task of bringing spectator sports events to the nation's capital. C2. 1803 160/1 [His] honesty..and correct behaviour..under the commissioner's court, made him esteemed by his friends and superiors. 1820 1 July State of Illinois, White County Commissioner's Court, June term, 1820. 1894 831 It shall be the duty of the commissioners' courts to classify all public roads. 1927 322 A native commissioner's court shall have no jurisdiction in matters which [etc.].] 1944 5 307 He..was..appointed a Naib-Munshi at the Commissioner's court at Agra. 1961 9 59/1 The Assistant Bantu Commissioner..had him arrested... He appeared in the Commissioner's Court and was charged with a political offence. 2002 K. Henrard ii. 54 The commissioners' courts became increasingly an agency of the apartheid regime. 2014 28 Aug. 1 a/3 That workshop will take place after the special-called meeting of the Commissioners' Court on Sept. 4. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1414 |
