colonistn.

Brit.

/ˈkɒlənɪst/, U.S.

/ˈkɑlənəst/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: colony n., -ist suffix.

Etymology: < colony n. + -ist suffix, after colonize v.Compare the following earlier use of Colonist , in the sense ‘inhabitant of Cologne’ ( < classical Latin Colōnia , the name of the city of Cologne: see Cologne n.):1566 R. Horne Answeare M. J. Fekenham f. 92^v Popishe tales declare, that the three wise men, that came forth of the East, to worship the newe borne king of the Iewes, were kinges, and lie buried in the great doom at Colain, as the Colonistes make men to beleue.

a. A person who goes to settle in a place, esp. as part of an effort (typically by a foreign state) to appropriate the area settled and to assert political control over any indigenous inhabitants; a founder of a colony; a member of a colonizing expedition.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > colonist or settler > [noun]

peopler1566

planter1587

plantator1632

colonist1658

populator1664

storer1690

settler1696

white settler1754

plantationite1756

colonizer1766

colonizationist1823

colon1860

homesteader1870

plantationer1888

1658 J. Votier Vox Dei & Hominis ii. vi. 293 So it was with the Colonists that the King of Assyria sent to inhabite Samaria.

1701 J. Logan in Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania (1870) IX. 68 If good colonists were brought into them [sc. The two lower counties]..there might be raised some thousands of pounds.

1734 London Evening-post 3 Jan. Their Commissary..goes out of pure Zeal to conduct these Colonists to Georgia.

1816 R. Southey Poet's Pilgrimage to Waterloo iv. 41 To convey The adventurous colonist beyond the seas.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §4 490 The Puritans were far from being the earliest among the English colonists of North America.

1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time ii. v. 128 The English colonists settled on newly won territory in the four corners of the world.

2015 Daily Tel. 14 Aug. 2/3 The 420-year-old mystery of what happened to the first English colonists in the New World may finally have been solved.

b. An inhabitant of a colony (in various senses).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > colonist or settler > [noun] > inhabitant of colony

coloner1600

colonist1753

colonial1797

1753 H. Rimius Candid Narr. Rise & Progress Herrnhuters 91 The Colonists, which should consist of Bohemians and Moravians, were People of all Countries.

1769 E. Burke Observ. Late State Nation 75 Are not these schemists well apprized, that the colonists..import more from Great Britain, ten times more, than they send in return to us?

1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 4 When..you revived the scheme of taxation, and thereby filled the minds of the Colonists with new jealousy.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. viii. 243 The Roman military colonists remained Roman alike on the Rhine and on the Euphrates.

1936 Cambr. Hist. Brit. Empire VIII. 174 Not the least of the grievances of the colonists..was this shoddy currency which was only exchangeable into hard money of foreign merchants at a discount of between 20 and 30 per cent.

2020 New Yorker 24 Aug. 38/1 The dubious contention that only three per cent of American colonists fought the British.

2. Biology.

a. A (species of) plant, animal, or other organism that spreads, or has spread, into a new area, esp. one which is among the first to become established in a newly available habitat. Cf. colonizer n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [noun]

colonist1839

benthos1891

land form1897

heterotroph1900

autotroph1901

epibenthos1902

specialist1902

microaerophile1903

nitrifier1903

consumer1904

nitrogen fixer1904

producer1904

indicator1906

psychrophile1906

thermophil1909

sulphuretum1925

influent1926

halobiont1928

halophile1928

mesophile1928

oligosaprobe1931

saprobe1932

eurytope1938

stenotope1938

photoautotroph1939

chemoautotroph1943

prototroph1946

mixotrophy1948

chemolithoautotroph1949

auxotroph1950

chemoheterotroph1951

chemoorganotroph1953

chemolithotroph1955

chemotroph1958

osmophile1961

psychrotroph1963

saprotroph1963

generalist1964

opportunist1967

cryophile1970

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. 10 The often-repeated description of the first colonists of the coral islets in the South Sea, is not, probably, quite correct: I fear it destroys the poetry of the story to find, that these little vile insects should thus take possession before the cocoa-nut tree and other noble plants have appeared.

1876 A. R. Wallace Geogr. Distrib. Animals II. xiv. 34 We may be sure that birds like the finches, which are profoundly modified and adapted to the special conditions of the climate and vegetation, are among the most ancient of the colonists.

1949 A. G. Tansley Brit. Islands & their Vegetation II. xxvi. 512 The first effective colonist is Polytrichum piliferum.., which brings about the initial stabilisation of the loose blown sand.

1973 J. J. Reisa in A. L. Burnett Biol. Hydra iii. 100 Many planktonic colonists will die, of course, but those which survive and succeed would seem to make the asexual energetic investment worthwhile.

2002 A. W. Rosenfeld & R. T. Paine Intertidal Wilderness (rev. ed.) v. 110 The rough texture of Oregonia's carapace encourages settlement of various colonists.

†b. spec. In the terminology of H. C. Watson: a plant species presumed to have been introduced as a weed to an area in which it is not indigenous and maintained there as a result of human activity. Cf. denizen n. 2c. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > balance of nature > distribution > [noun] > alien or immigrant plant or animal

exotic1682

colonist1847

casual1899

1847 H. C. Watson Cybele Britannica 63 Colonist.—A weed of cultivated land or about houses, and seldom found except in places where the ground has been adapted for its production by the operations of man... Examples: Adonis, Papaver, Agrostemma, Melilotus leucantha.

1867 I. W. N. Keys Flora Devon & Cornwall ii. in Ann. Rep. & Trans. Plymouth Inst. 2 ii. 128 Lathyrus..Aphaca... Found principally in the South of England, and rather a colonist than a native.

1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands Pref. p. vii To the doubtfully indigenous Species I have added Watson's opinion as to whether they are ‘colonists’ or ‘denizens’.

3. A member of a labour colony.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > colonist or settler > [noun] > member of labour colony

colonist1851

1851 Chambers's Papers for People No. 74. 27 In 1823 a ukase was issued, ordering that all vagrants who had until then been subjected to forced labour in the fortresses should in future be sent to Siberia as colonists.

1854 Irish Q. Rev. Sept. 720 The colonists labor during ten hours, two additional hours are devoted to the usual branches of primary instruction.

1892 J. Mavor et al. Rep. Labour Colonies (Comm. Labour Centres) 18 In about three months a colonist is able to earn enough per week to defray the whole cost of his maintenance, food, clothing, etc.

1896 J. A. Hobson Probl. Unemployed 137 About one half of the colonists seek temporary relief, the rest loaf round from colony to colony.

1904 Daily Chron. 5 Oct. 4/5 The colonist at Merxplas may earn from 1d. to 3d. a day.

2005 Naval Law Rev. 351 It was no coincidence that they [sc. labor camps] were typically built by prisoner ‘colonists’ near abundant natural resources like gold.

4. U.S. Politics. A person who takes up temporary residence in a district in order to vote (typically illegally or irregularly) for one side in an election. Now chiefly historical. Cf. colonization n. 3a, colonize v. 3b, colonizer n. 2a.

ΚΠ

1860 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 5 Sept. The Bohemian ‘colonists’ from other Districts would have settled the issue for the voters of the Ninth, and been ready to perform the same service for the other Districts in turn.

1868 Nation 6 282 When every town and city in the United States is voting at the same time, and ‘colonists’ and ‘repeaters’ are needed at home.

1909 Daily Chron. 3 Nov. 1/6 It is more than likely that thousands of their ‘colonists’ have voted in some of the districts.

1923 W. B. Munro Munic. Govt. & Admin. I. xii. 249 In the largest cities, as investigations have frequently shown, the voters' lists contain the names of many ‘floaters’, ‘colonists’, ‘ringers’ or ‘mattress voters’ as they are variously called—persons who do not regularly reside at the addresses from which they are enrolled but merely sleep there one night in the year in order to have an excuse for claiming it as their legal residence.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	colonist
释义	colonistn. Brit. /ˈkɒlənɪst/, U.S. /ˈkɑlənəst/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: colony n., -ist suffix. Etymology: < colony n. + -ist suffix, after colonize v.Compare the following earlier use of Colonist , in the sense ‘inhabitant of Cologne’ ( < classical Latin Colōnia , the name of the city of Cologne: see Cologne n.):1566 R. Horne Answeare M. J. Fekenham f. 92^v Popishe tales declare, that the three wise men, that came forth of the East, to worship the newe borne king of the Iewes, were kinges, and lie buried in the great doom at Colain, as the Colonistes make men to beleue. 1. a. A person who goes to settle in a place, esp. as part of an effort (typically by a foreign state) to appropriate the area settled and to assert political control over any indigenous inhabitants; a founder of a colony; a member of a colonizing expedition. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > colonist or settler > [noun] peopler1566 planter1587 plantator1632 colonist1658 populator1664 storer1690 settler1696 white settler1754 plantationite1756 colonizer1766 colonizationist1823 colon1860 homesteader1870 plantationer1888 1658 J. Votier Vox Dei & Hominis ii. vi. 293 So it was with the Colonists that the King of Assyria sent to inhabite Samaria. 1701 J. Logan in Mem. Hist. Soc. Pennsylvania (1870) IX. 68 If good colonists were brought into them [sc. The two lower counties]..there might be raised some thousands of pounds. 1734 London Evening-post 3 Jan. Their Commissary..goes out of pure Zeal to conduct these Colonists to Georgia. 1816 R. Southey Poet's Pilgrimage to Waterloo iv. 41 To convey The adventurous colonist beyond the seas. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §4 490 The Puritans were far from being the earliest among the English colonists of North America. 1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time ii. v. 128 The English colonists settled on newly won territory in the four corners of the world. 2015 Daily Tel. 14 Aug. 2/3 The 420-year-old mystery of what happened to the first English colonists in the New World may finally have been solved. b. An inhabitant of a colony (in various senses). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > colonist or settler > [noun] > inhabitant of colony coloner1600 colonist1753 colonial1797 1753 H. Rimius Candid Narr. Rise & Progress Herrnhuters 91 The Colonists, which should consist of Bohemians and Moravians, were People of all Countries. 1769 E. Burke Observ. Late State Nation 75 Are not these schemists well apprized, that the colonists..import more from Great Britain, ten times more, than they send in return to us? 1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 4 When..you revived the scheme of taxation, and thereby filled the minds of the Colonists with new jealousy. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) II. viii. 243 The Roman military colonists remained Roman alike on the Rhine and on the Euphrates. 1936 Cambr. Hist. Brit. Empire VIII. 174 Not the least of the grievances of the colonists..was this shoddy currency which was only exchangeable into hard money of foreign merchants at a discount of between 20 and 30 per cent. 2020 New Yorker 24 Aug. 38/1 The dubious contention that only three per cent of American colonists fought the British. 2. Biology. a. A (species of) plant, animal, or other organism that spreads, or has spread, into a new area, esp. one which is among the first to become established in a newly available habitat. Cf. colonizer n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > organisms in relation to habitat > [noun] colonist1839 benthos1891 land form1897 heterotroph1900 autotroph1901 epibenthos1902 specialist1902 microaerophile1903 nitrifier1903 consumer1904 nitrogen fixer1904 producer1904 indicator1906 psychrophile1906 thermophil1909 sulphuretum1925 influent1926 halobiont1928 halophile1928 mesophile1928 oligosaprobe1931 saprobe1932 eurytope1938 stenotope1938 photoautotroph1939 chemoautotroph1943 prototroph1946 mixotrophy1948 chemolithoautotroph1949 auxotroph1950 chemoheterotroph1951 chemoorganotroph1953 chemolithotroph1955 chemotroph1958 osmophile1961 psychrotroph1963 saprotroph1963 generalist1964 opportunist1967 cryophile1970 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. 10 The often-repeated description of the first colonists of the coral islets in the South Sea, is not, probably, quite correct: I fear it destroys the poetry of the story to find, that these little vile insects should thus take possession before the cocoa-nut tree and other noble plants have appeared. 1876 A. R. Wallace Geogr. Distrib. Animals II. xiv. 34 We may be sure that birds like the finches, which are profoundly modified and adapted to the special conditions of the climate and vegetation, are among the most ancient of the colonists. 1949 A. G. Tansley Brit. Islands & their Vegetation II. xxvi. 512 The first effective colonist is Polytrichum piliferum.., which brings about the initial stabilisation of the loose blown sand. 1973 J. J. Reisa in A. L. Burnett Biol. Hydra iii. 100 Many planktonic colonists will die, of course, but those which survive and succeed would seem to make the asexual energetic investment worthwhile. 2002 A. W. Rosenfeld & R. T. Paine Intertidal Wilderness (rev. ed.) v. 110 The rough texture of Oregonia's carapace encourages settlement of various colonists. †b. spec. In the terminology of H. C. Watson: a plant species presumed to have been introduced as a weed to an area in which it is not indigenous and maintained there as a result of human activity. Cf. denizen n. 2c. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > distribution > [noun] > alien or immigrant plant or animal exotic1682 colonist1847 casual1899 1847 H. C. Watson Cybele Britannica 63 Colonist.—A weed of cultivated land or about houses, and seldom found except in places where the ground has been adapted for its production by the operations of man... Examples: Adonis, Papaver, Agrostemma, Melilotus leucantha. 1867 I. W. N. Keys Flora Devon & Cornwall ii. in Ann. Rep. & Trans. Plymouth Inst. 2 ii. 128 Lathyrus..Aphaca... Found principally in the South of England, and rather a colonist than a native. 1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands Pref. p. vii To the doubtfully indigenous Species I have added Watson's opinion as to whether they are ‘colonists’ or ‘denizens’. 3. A member of a labour colony. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > colonist or settler > [noun] > member of labour colony colonist1851 1851 Chambers's Papers for People No. 74. 27 In 1823 a ukase was issued, ordering that all vagrants who had until then been subjected to forced labour in the fortresses should in future be sent to Siberia as colonists. 1854 Irish Q. Rev. Sept. 720 The colonists labor during ten hours, two additional hours are devoted to the usual branches of primary instruction. 1892 J. Mavor et al. Rep. Labour Colonies (Comm. Labour Centres) 18 In about three months a colonist is able to earn enough per week to defray the whole cost of his maintenance, food, clothing, etc. 1896 J. A. Hobson Probl. Unemployed 137 About one half of the colonists seek temporary relief, the rest loaf round from colony to colony. 1904 Daily Chron. 5 Oct. 4/5 The colonist at Merxplas may earn from 1d. to 3d. a day. 2005 Naval Law Rev. 351 It was no coincidence that they [sc. labor camps] were typically built by prisoner ‘colonists’ near abundant natural resources like gold. 4. U.S. Politics. A person who takes up temporary residence in a district in order to vote (typically illegally or irregularly) for one side in an election. Now chiefly historical. Cf. colonization n. 3a, colonize v. 3b, colonizer n. 2a. ΚΠ 1860 Daily Evening Bull. (San Francisco) 5 Sept. The Bohemian ‘colonists’ from other Districts would have settled the issue for the voters of the Ninth, and been ready to perform the same service for the other Districts in turn. 1868 Nation 6 282 When every town and city in the United States is voting at the same time, and ‘colonists’ and ‘repeaters’ are needed at home. 1909 Daily Chron. 3 Nov. 1/6 It is more than likely that thousands of their ‘colonists’ have voted in some of the districts. 1923 W. B. Munro Munic. Govt. & Admin. I. xii. 249 In the largest cities, as investigations have frequently shown, the voters' lists contain the names of many ‘floaters’, ‘colonists’, ‘ringers’ or ‘mattress voters’ as they are variously called—persons who do not regularly reside at the addresses from which they are enrolled but merely sleep there one night in the year in order to have an excuse for claiming it as their legal residence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1658
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