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单词 cocker
释义

cockern.1

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/
Forms: early Old English cocr- (Northumbrian, inflected form), Old English cocer, Old English cocor, Old English coxre (dative, transmission error), Old English (rare)–Middle English cocur, Old English (rare)–Middle English koker, Old English (rare)–1600s coker, Middle English cokir, Middle English cokre, Middle English cokyr, Middle English kokur, 1500s cokar, 1500s quequer, 1500s– cocker; English regional 1700s–1800s cogger (northern and north midlands), 1800s cockar, 1800s cockker.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian kōker (West Frisian koker ), Old Dutch cocare (Middle Dutch cōker , Dutch koker ), Middle Low German kȫker , kōker , kāker ( > Old Swedish kogher (Swedish koger ), Old Danish kogher (Danish kogger )), Old High German kohhar , kohhāri (Middle High German kocher , kochære , German Köcher ), all in the sense ‘quiver, case’, ultimately borrowed < an Asian language during the Hunnish invasion of Europe in the late 4th and 5th centuries; compare Uighur kökür , Yakut kögüör , Kazakh kökkör , etc., all in the sense ‘leather bottle or skin’, probably ultimately < a Mongolic language: compare Middle Mongolian køkygyr leather bottle or skin. The Germanic word was apparently also borrowed into Finnish as kukkaro bag, pouch, purse. Compare also post-classical Latin cucurum (8th cent.) and Byzantine Greek κούκουρον (one or other of which > Albanian kukurë ), all in the sense ‘quiver’, ultimately of the same origin, although it is unclear whether the Latin and Greek words were borrowed directly from Hunnish or (perhaps more likely) via Germanic. Compare later quiver n.1 and discussion at that entry.In sense 2 so called on account of its resemblance in shape and material (originally leather) to a quiver. It has been suggested that earlier currency of this sense may be implied by the surname of Walter Cokerhose (Norfolk; 1301); however, the interpretation of this surname is very uncertain.
1. A case for arrows; a quiver. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > quiver
cockereOE
quiver1322
arrow casea1382
tarcays1490
bolt-bag1562
quiver case1568
dorlach1575
eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) x. 2 (3) Peccatores..parauerunt sagittas suas in faretra ut sagittent in obscuro rectos corde : ða synfullan..gearwadon strelas heara in cocere ðæt hie scoteden in degelnisse ða rehtan on heortan.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xxvii. 3 Nim þin gesceot, þinne cocur & þinne bogan, & gang ut.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3225 Enne koker fulne flan.
a1400 (a1325) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Trin. Cambr.) (1887) App. H. 803 (MED) Mid swerd & bowe bisyde & o kokur fol of flon.
a1525 Robin Hood & Potter in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 112 To a quequer Roben went, A god bolt owthe he toke.
2. Chiefly in plural. Each of a pair of any of various articles of clothing worn on the legs or feet, often for a specific purpose, esp. protection, such as leggings, boots, gaiters, etc. In later use chiefly English regional (northern and midlands).In later regional use sometimes: spec. (a) a short stocking or sock, esp. as worn by children; (b) a footless stocking, esp. worn as a gaiter; cf. hogger n.2 1a, scogger n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > [noun] > gaiter or legging > types of
cockerc1390
startup1625
spatterdasher1684
spatterdash1687
spatter-lash1688
spit-boot1707
splatterdash1772
spat1802
spring gaiter1846
bootleg1875
upper1889
spatter1898
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and feet > [noun] > legging and boot combined
cockerc1390
gambado1625
gambages1663
stocking1676
trench boot1914
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > boot > [noun] > fastened in specific way
cockerc1390
spit-boot1707
wrapper1808
wrapping boot1808
button boot1831
Balmoral1857
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. l. 56 [Piers] caste on his cloþes I-clouted and I-hole, His Cokeres and his Coffus.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 40 Wyth rent cokrez at þe kne, and his clutte traschez.
?c1422 T. Hoccleve Ars Sciendi Mori l. 312 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 190 Whan men conseillid wel, y herde it naght: Nat so moche as by an old boote or cokir Sette y ther-by.
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Carpatinæ, plowghemens bootes, made of vntanned lether, they may be called cokers.
1593 M. Drayton Idea viii. sig. J3v His cockers were of Cordiwin.
1681 London Gaz. No. 1895/4 A pretty big chubbed Man..a pair of Leathern Cockers.
?a1750 J. Cotton MS Note in J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (Magdalen Coll. Oxf. Libr. copy I.7.21, 1691) 16 Cocker, a Stocking. Staff[ordshire].
1757 ‘T. Bobbin’ View Lancs. Dial. (ed. 6) Gloss. sig. E5v Cockers, and Trashes, old Stockings without Feet and over-worn Shoes.
1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. Coggers, half-boots made of stiff-leather, strong cloth, or even of worsted, buttoned at the side, and strapped under the shoe.
1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale Coggers, a pair of old stocking-legs worn over the shoes to keep out the snow.
1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. (at cited word) ‘How old is the child?’ ‘Oh, 'er's on'y a little un; 'er inna-d-out o' cockers yet.’
1972 J. H. B. Peel Englishman's Home x. 171 Gaiters were an English innovation... In the north of England they are called cockers.
2009 M. DeMello Feet & Footwear 45 European styles included cavalier boots.., and knee-high boots—sometimes called buskins—for the elites, and cockers for peasants.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cockern.2

Forms: see cock v.1 and -er suffix1.
Etymology: < cock v.1 + -er suffix1.It is unclear whether earlier attestations in surnames reflect this word or cocker n.3 (or even, in examples from coastal areas, a derivative of cock n.2 in the sense ‘person who gathers cockles’); compare e.g. Lefwinus Coker (1176), Henry Cokere (1198), Geoffrey Cokkere (1237), Adam le Kockere (1327).
Obsolete.
A quarrelsome or belligerent person; a fighter.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [noun] > one who fights > one fond of fighting
cockera1275
fighter1413
fighting cock1546
firedrake1613
fire-eater1792
frampler1820
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > [noun] > prizefighter or professional fighter
kempa700
cockera1275
prizera1616
prizefighter1682
kempery-mana1765
kempy1821
kemper1891
a1275 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Trin. Cambr.) (1955) 133 He is cocker þef & horeling.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 173 A newe bataylle of foure and seventy..cokkers [L. gladiatorum], þat..brende, and slow, and dede spousebreche.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxiv. 321 Thise cokkers and thise bollars, And all purscuttars.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

cockern.3

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/
Forms: Middle English cokare, Middle English cokere, Middle English–1500s (1800s English regional) coker, 1500s 1700s– cocker, 1800s quocker (English regional (Lancashire)).
Etymology: < cock v.2 + -er suffix1.Earlier currency is perhaps reflected by surnames; compare examples and discussion at cocker n.2
A person who gathers hay into cocks (cock n.3). Also more generally: a field labourer, a harvester, spec. (English regional (Lancashire)) one who has travelled some distance from home (cf. cock v.2 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > harvest-folk > harvest worker
cocker1392
month's man1742
month-man1794
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stooking > one who
cocker1392
stookera1642
shocker1827
pooker1893
1392 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 48 [74 mowers working for one day, at the lord's table for all repasts in the same day with the expenses of] Cxx cokeres [for one day etc. paid 3d. a day].
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. vi. l. 13 Canstow..coke for my cokers [a1425 London Univ. cokares, a1425 Cambr. Ff.5.35 cokerus] oþer to þe cart picche, Mowe oþer mowen oþer make bond to sheues?
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 26v A Cokare, autumpnarius.
1572 Act 14 Elizabeth I c. 5 in Anno xiiij. Reginae Elizabethe sig. B.i v Be it also prouided, that this act, nor any thing therein conteyned, do in any wyse extende to any Cockers, or harvest folkes.
1774 On Hay Harvest 8 Let the cocker therefore shake the hay well, and with one hand at a time, moving softly half round the heap, and backwards to her place, during the shaking.
1832 H. Martineau Hill & Valley ii. 25 He called to Briggs, one of the cokers.
1850 S. Bamford Dial. S. Lancs. Gloss. 186/1 Quock, to go a distance to work at the harvest. Reapers who go down to Lincolnshire at harvest are called quockers.
1918 H. B. McClure Hay Caps (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 977) 16 Some transient laborers soon get to be good cockers; but many are totally uninterested in their work and have no ambition to build cocks that will stand in bad weather.
2017 K. Pribyl Farming, Famine & Plague iii. 50 Often sharp alterations in the number of works done by cockers in the harvest were associated with changes of the manorial management personnel.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cockern.4

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: cockle n.4
Etymology: Apparently an alteration (with suffix substitution: see -er suffix1) of cockle n.4
Obsolete rare.
A curl or ringlet of hair. Cf. cockle n.4
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > hair > hair of head > curl > [noun]
feak1548
lovelock1592
crisple1594
curl1604
cockle1608
crisp1638
ringlet1645
cockera1653
heartbreaker1654
moustache1662
confidenta1685
cruchea1685
passagerea1685
favourite1690
wimpler1724
cannon1774
whisker1786
favori1801
curlet1803
tendril1814
sausage curl1828
spit-curl1831
crimp1855
curdle1860
number sices1861
whiskerette1880
a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 89 That..She curious curle the cockers of her head.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019).

cockern.5

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/
Etymology: < cock n.1 + -er suffix1, after cocking n.4In sense 2 so called because the dog was originally bred to flush woodcock. With cocker spaniel n. at Compounds compare earlier cocking spaniel n. at cocking n.4 Compounds.
1. A person who breeds or trains gamecocks, promotes cockfights, or is otherwise involved in cockfighting; a cockfighter.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > [noun] > cock-fighting > cock-fighter
cock-setter1260
cockfighter1527
cockera1655
setter1688
hander1746
setter-to1794
a1655 N. L'Estrange in W. J. Thoms Anecd. & Trad. (1839) i. 47 Sir Thomas Jermin, meaning to make himselfe merry, and gull the Cockers, sends his man into the Pitt in Shoo Lane, with an £100 and a dunghill cocke, neatly trimmed and cutt for the battell.
1689 T. Shadwell Bury-Fair 5 I..out vapour'd all the Jockeys and Cockers.
1722 R. Steele Conscious Lovers iv. 61 He was the greatest Cocker in England—he said, Duke John won him many Battles, and never lost one.
1790 P. Sharkey Irish Racing Cal. V. 129 Persons of the better rank and quality of the cockers, cock masters, and gamesters..shall sit in the lower ring.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 44 Here his poor Bird, th' inhuman Cocker brings, Arms his hard heel, and clips his golden wings.
1814 W. Sketchley (title) The cocker, containing information to the breeders and amateurs of the game-cock.
1837 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. I. 321 While Duchesses and Ladies hawk, we cannot expend all indignation on the cockers and bull-baiters.
1976 L. R. Banks Dark Quartet ii. ii. 80 ‘He has quite a reputation as a cocker.’ ‘A what?’ ‘A cock-fighter.’
2003 Observer 3 Aug. (Sport Monthly Suppl.) 55/2 The cockers say any ban will threaten livelihoods.
2. = cocker spaniel n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > spaniel > land or water > varieties of > cocker
cocker1790
cocking dog1813
cocking spaniel1830
1790 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds Index p. v/1 Dog..the Small Water-Spaniel..the Springer, or Cocker.
1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! (1861) 81 His cockers coiled themselves up close to the warm peat-ashes.
1939 Motor Boating Sept. 19/2 She was a golden colored cocker with such sad eyes it put a lump in one's throat just to look at her.
2010 Field Feb. 103/3 Janet Menzies has bred or brought on three field trial champion cockers.

Compounds

cocker spaniel n. a breed of small spaniel with a variety of coat colours and longer hair on the legs and ears, originally developed in England to flush woodcock and now typically kept as a pet; a dog of this breed.English and American cocker spaniels are bred to different standards. Cf. cocking dog n.1, cocking spaniel n. at cocking n.4 Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > spaniel > land or water > varieties of
springer1749
King Charles1780
English springer1808
Marlborough dog1822
cocker spaniel1829
Marlborough1831
Blenheim1839
Norfolk spaniel1845
King Charles1848
Sussex spaniel1856
field spaniel1859
clumber1865
Norfolk1867
Japanese spaniel1880
Welsh springer1903
Tibetan spaniel1905
Brittany spaniel1936
Brittany1945
1829 T. Brown Biogr. Sketches & Authentic Anecd. Dogs 276 A man..was so beloved by three Cocker Spaniels which he kept, that they never failed to jump into his lap.
1919 Outing Mar. 341/2 (advt.) Cocker Spaniel Puppies—in both red and black.
2010 Guardian 20 Mar. (Guide to Pets) 45/2 If there has ever been a dog that lives to love its owner, and receive love in return, the cocker spaniel is it.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Cockern.6

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/
Etymology: < the name of Edward Cocker (?1631–76), English arithmetician; Cocker's Arithmetick (apparently taken from his manuscripts) was published posthumously in 1678 by his friend and colleague John Hawkins, and quickly became a standard school textbook.
slang. Now somewhat rare.
according to Cocker: in accordance with the rules of arithmetic; (more generally) in strict accordance with any rules or principles; by the book; (in later use also) as intended or expected, according to plan. Cf. according to Hoyle at Hoyle n.2Originally with reference to Cocker's Arithmetick, a mathematics textbook used widely in schools from the late 17th cent. onwards.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > conformity to or with a pattern, etc. > in conformity with or according to [phrase] > according to rule > strictly
according to Cocker1785
according to Hoyle1906
1785 Town & Country Mag. Mar. 127/1 Mrs. Buckram..purtested she never played for above sixpences, and added, that her husband had calculated, according to Cocker, that an alderman might be ruined in a month, if his wife cut in for shillings.
1825 Mechanics' Mag. 11 June 149/2 A short Table,..which, I think, will be found to be according to ‘Cocker’.
1888 G. Allen This Mortal Coil in Chambers's Jrnl. 7 Jan. 6/1 According to Cocker, nought and nought make nothing.
1932 Morning Bull. (Rockhampton, Queensland) 28 Dec. 10/7 I have yet to see the bowler who can be depended upon to achieve his objective with every shot... He can do lots of things not according to ‘Cocker’.
1974 Times 11 Sept. 1 It is not according to Cocker for an Opposition party to publish an election manifesto before the Prime Minister of the day has formally announced that there is to be a general election.
2008 Irish Times 24 Dec. 23 Even in that auspicious setting not everything went according to ‘Cocker’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cockern.7

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: cock n.1, -er suffix1.
Etymology: < cock n.1 (compare sense 14 at that entry) + -er suffix1. Compare earlier cocky n.1
British colloquial.
A familiar form of address for a man. Cf. cock n.1 14.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > terms of endearment > [noun] > familiar form of address
mon amic1425
matec1500
boy1532
old lad1594
old boy1602
captaina1616
mon cher1673
old chap1823
old man1828
ou maat1838
boysie1846
old top1856
boetie1867
bra1869
cocker1888
mon vieux1888
face1891
yessir1892
George1903
old sport1905
old bean1917
segotia1917
babe1918
bro1918
tovarish1918
old egg1919
midear1921
old (tin of) fruit1923
sport1923
mush1936
cowboy1961
coz1961
wack1963
yaar1963
John1982
1888 H. Evans Brighton Beach Loafer (ed. 3) vi. 35 ‘Ime on, my cocker,’ I ses. ‘Guv us yer and orn it my pippin, an arf a quid on account.’
1942 Horizon Aug. 114 You don't want to do that, cocker.
1960 A. Wesker I'm talking about Jerusalem iii. ii. 214 It was good of you to help us cocker.
1993 M. Cole Ladykiller (2005) 197 ‘Come in then, cocker.’ Her voice was jovial. ‘Would you like a cuppa or a drink?’
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cockerv.1

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/
Forms: late Middle English kokr- (inflected form), late Middle English–1500s (1800s English regional) coker, 1500s cokker, 1500s kocker, 1500s kockr- (inflected form), 1500s koker, 1500s–1600s cockr- (inflected form), 1500s–1600s cokr- (inflected form), 1500s– cocker, 1800s cocher (Scottish).
Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: cock v.3, -er suffix5.
Etymology: Probably < cock v.3 (although this is first attested later) or its probable imitative base + -er suffix5; compare Norwegian regional kokra and other foreign-language parallels cited at cock v.3 Compare later cockle v.1Also probably attested early in the obscure compound cokir-nose n. Compare also earlier cokering , of uncertain sense, perhaps ‘clucking’ (a1300 in an isolated attestation: see chokering n.). Attempts to connect the word with cocker v.2 (which also has a synonym cockle cockle v.3) are unconvincing.
1. transitive. To treat (a person, esp. a child) in an overindulgent way; to coddle, indulge. Now English regional.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > be infatuatedly fond or love to excess [verb (transitive)] > pet, indulge, or pamper
daunt1303
cocker1440
cherisha1450
pomper1483
daut?a1513
to cocker up1530
pamper1530
pimper1537
tiddle1560
cockle1570
dandlea1577
cotchel1578
cockney1582
fondle1582
coax1589
to coax up1592
to flatter up1598
dainty1622
pet1629
cosset1659
caudle1662
faddle1688
pettle1719
coddle1786
sugar-plum1788
twattle1790
to make a fuss of or over (with)1814
mud1814
pamperizea1845
mollycoddle1851
pompey1860
cosher1861
pussy1889
molly1907
[implied in: Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 85 Cokerynge, or grete cherschy[n]ge, focio, nutricio. (at cockering n.)].
?a1475 Promptorium Parvulorum (Winch.) (1908) 115 Coyyn or kokryn, blandior.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 488/2 I coker, or cherysshe to moche. Je mignotte. This boye canne never thrive, he is cokered so moche. I coker, I bring up with daynty meates. Jaffriande.
1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War ii. xiii. f. lxv Taking it for shame somuche to cocker themself [Fr. de tant bar..guigner].
1599 T. Heywood 2nd Pt. King Edward IV sig. S4v Kist and cockerd by a king.
1611 Bible (King James) Ecclus. xxx. 9 Cocker thy childe, and hee shall make thee afraid. View more context for this quotation
1682 T. Shadwell Lancashire-witches i. 7 Dost thou think, because thy foolish Mother has Cocker d thee with morning Cawdles and afternoons Luncheons, thou art fit to make Love?
1742 G. Turnbull Observ. Liberal Educ. 71 When we have brought sickness or disease upon the body by neglect of it, or which oftner happens by fondling and cockering it too much.
a1871 T. Carlyle Reminisc. (1881) II. 116 Some old valetudinarian..continually cockering himself, and suffering.
1919 C. Holme Splendid Fairing ii. vi. 178 She always cockered him fearful, did Sarah, and set him agen me whenever she could.
1971 G. E. Avery Likely Lad xi. 126 ‘Stop cockering the lad,’ shouted his father... ‘He's been spoilt for too long, that's his trouble.’
2. transitive. To foster or indulge (a foolish or reprehensible desire, tendency, or belief). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)] > appetites, ideas, etc.
cocker?1561
to cocker up1583
?1561 tr. U. Zwingli Briefe Rehersal Death of Christ 189 Whilest they cocker their filthy appetites [L. turpissimis affectibus indulgent].
1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 175 I..cannot flatter Folly,..or cocker Ignoraunce.
1628 R. Le Grys tr. J. Barclay Argenis ii. 98 Too foolishly I cocker my owne hopes.
1902 A. Morrison Hole in Wall xxii. 258 He cockered in them the belief that he still had the notes.
3. transitive. With in. To indulge or humour (a person) with regard to a reprehensible desire, tendency, or course of action. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of strictness > lessen in strictness or severity [verb (transitive)] > indulge
to cocker up1550
soothe1569
cock1570
cocker1571
soothe1573
humour1598
indulge1660
gratify1662
1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (i. 1) How careleslye they cocker themselves in their sins.
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 6) 119 By mild reproofes they rather cocker and beare them in their sinnes, then correct them.
1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 299 Cherishes and cockers them in so gentle an Errour.
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. iii. 67 I have not been cockered in wantonness or indulgence.

Phrasal verbs

With adverbs in specialized senses. to cocker up
1. transitive. To indulge or pamper (a person); to make (a person) proud or self-important by flattery or indulgence. Also: to coddle (a person suffering from an illness, incapacity, etc.) so as to improve his or her condition. Cf. to cock up 1 at cock v.1 Phrasal verbs. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > be infatuatedly fond or love to excess [verb (transitive)] > pet, indulge, or pamper
daunt1303
cocker1440
cherisha1450
pomper1483
daut?a1513
to cocker up1530
pamper1530
pimper1537
tiddle1560
cockle1570
dandlea1577
cotchel1578
cockney1582
fondle1582
coax1589
to coax up1592
to flatter up1598
dainty1622
pet1629
cosset1659
caudle1662
faddle1688
pettle1719
coddle1786
sugar-plum1788
twattle1790
to make a fuss of or over (with)1814
mud1814
pamperizea1845
mollycoddle1851
pompey1860
cosher1861
pussy1889
molly1907
the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)]
hearteOE
bieldc897
hardenc1175
elnea1225
hardyc1225
boldc1275
hardishc1325
endurec1384
assurec1386
emboldc1400
recomfortc1405
enharda1450
support1479
enhardy1483
animatec1487
encourage1490
emboldishc1503
hearten1524
bolden1526
spright1531
raise1533
accourage1534
enheart1545
to hearten on1555
hearten?1556
alacriate1560
bespirit1574
bebrave1576
to put in heart1579
to hearten up1580
embolden1583
bravea1593
enhearten1610
inspiritc1610
rehearten1611
blood1622
mana1625
valiant1628
flush1633
firm1639
buoy1645
embrave1648
reinhearten1652
reanimate1655
reinspirit1660
to give mettle to1689
warm1697
to lift (up) a person's spirits1711
reman1715
to make a man of1722
respirit1725
elate1726
to cocker up1762
enharden1779
nerve1799
boost1815
brace1816
high-mettle1831
braven1865
brazen1884
the world > health and disease > healing > art or science of medicine > practice of healing art > practise the healing art [verb (transitive)] > tend the sick > coddle or nurse excessively
to cocker up1850
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 488/2 Coker hym up thus in his youthe, and you shall have a fayre caulfe of hym shortly.
1762 T. Gray Let. 4 Dec. in Corr. (1971) II. 787 Being cocker'd and spirited up by some friends..I got my name suggested to Lord Bute.
1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. viii. 132 If she was a lady she'd be cockered up with all sorts of soups and jellies.
1859 C. Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) II. 229 You have cockered me up to that extent, that I now feel I can face a score of savage reviewers.
1938 Santa Fe New Mexican 26 July 4/6 Actually Royalty was never more pampered, more cockered up than we were.
2. transitive. With in. To indulge or humour (a person) with regard to a foolish or reprehensible desire, tendency, or belief. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of strictness > lessen in strictness or severity [verb (transitive)] > indulge
to cocker up1550
soothe1569
cock1570
cocker1571
soothe1573
humour1598
indulge1660
gratify1662
1550 J. Harington tr. Cicero Bk. Freendeship f. 57 But yet sowthing is much more hurtfull, whiche cokereth vp his freende in his faultes [L. peccatis indulgens].
1613 W. B. tr. S. Michaelis Admirable Hist. Penitent Woman 170 Thou Belzebub, thou..doest fill men with curiositie, and cocker them vp in their arrogancie [Fr. & qui les maintiens tousiours auec leur orgueil].
a1732 J. Gay Fables (1738) II. xi. 97 Blame me not for disrespect, If I the flatt'rer's stile reject; With that, by menial tongues supply'd, You're daily cocker'd up in pride.
1887 S. Baring-Gould Gaverocks II. xxviii. 94 ‘Scarce a day has passed without her coming here to see [mother]—’ ‘And cocker her up in the delusion that she is ill... She has nothing the matter with her but the vapours.’
1918 National Rev. Jan. 530 Men in his position are completely out of touch with public opinion, and practically only talk politics with their hangers-on who ‘cocker them up’ in their own conceit.
3. transitive. To foster or indulge (a foolish or reprehensible desire, tendency, or belief). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)] > appetites, ideas, etc.
cocker?1561
to cocker up1583
1583 J. Prime Fruitefull & Briefe Disc. i. 32 He knoweth Elie suffred his children to breake his owne necke. Verily the fancies and affections, that are bred in & of man, if he cocker them vp, they will bring him to a worse end then Elies was.
1652 W. Durham Maran-atha 36 What greater wonder is it that he who is resolved to keep and cocker up his basest lusts, should hate that Ministery, which plows up his soul, and suffers them not to root nor grow at quiet?
1741 S. Richardson Pamela IV. lii. 321 [He] cockers up that dangerous Propensity, which he ought..to subdue.
1861 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem III. clxxv. 208 If they cocker up the evil by refusing to apply the high-handed remedy.
1963 Times 14 Feb. 15/2 Almost all the pressures in modern society help to cocker-up the self-importance of the common man, and to weaken his self-respect.

Derivatives

ˈcockered adj. now rare pampered, indulged, coddled.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [adjective] > indulging or pampering > pampered or petted
pomped1509
pampereda1529
cockereda1586
smoothed1600
dauted1636
fondled1680
petted1724
coaxed1829
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1593) ii. sig. V4 These cocklinges cockred we be waile to late, When that we see our ofspring gaily bent.
1607 F. Beaumont Woman Hater i. iii. sig. C1 Our yong wanton cockerd heires.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. i. 70 Shall a beardlesse boy, A cockred-silken wanton braue our fields,..And finde no checke?
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. xcix. 338 A cocker'd favourite.
1918 ‘R. West’ Return of Soldier vi. 169 Her eyes shone at the thought of the cockered childhood this had been.
1962 Times 7 Mar. 13/4 Whether the correct derivation be from the old French for a cockered or pampered person or from the English rural slang in which a cock's egg passed as a poor variant for a substantial hen's egg, to talk of a Cockney was once derisive.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cockerv.2

Brit. /ˈkɒkə/, U.S. /ˈkɑkər/, Scottish English /ˈkɔkər/
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by derivation. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: cock v.1, -er suffix5; cockle v.3
Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps (i) < cock v.1 (compare sense 4 at that entry) + -er suffix5, with an extension of meaning of the verb from ‘to stick up’ to ‘to stick up in an insecure or unstable way’, or perhaps (ii) an alteration (with suffix substitution: see -er suffix5) of cockle v.3 (although this is first attested later). Compare later cockle v.3Apparently unattested between the 16th and early 19th centuries.
Scottish in later use. Now rare.
intransitive. To move or rock unsteadily; to totter or wobble, so as to be in danger of falling or overturning.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > unsteady movement > move unsteadily [verb (intransitive)] > wobble
babble1440
cocker1553
cockle1634
wobble1772
wibble1871
woggle1871
1553 [implied in: T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 118 Some..stirryng their feete as though they stode in a cockeryng bote. (at cockering adj.1)].
1808 [implied in: J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Cockersum, unsteady in position, threatening to fall or tumble over. (at cockersome adj. at Derivatives)].
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. To Cocker, to be in a tottering state.
1923 G. Watson Roxburghshire Word-bk. 93 Cocker, to oscillate, rock, or totter (as an unsteady rock, etc.).
1941 in Sc. National Dict. (1952) III. 167/2 [Aberdeenshire] Wer aul' neepour 's ti the gate again, an' wis cockerin' roon the close the day.
2005 A. Fenton Buchan Words & Ways v. 127 If somebody had not been well and was getting about for the first time, ye micht see im cockerin aboot e close.

Derivatives

ˈcockersome adj. unsteady, tottering; shaky, unstable. Sc. National Dict. (at Cocker) records the word as still in use in Fife in 1936.
ΚΠ
1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Cockersum, unsteady in position, threatening to fall or tumble over.
1845 G. Webster Disputed Inheritance III. i. 27 ‘By my troth, I like nae sic cockersome machine,’ replied the Laird, scowling portentously.
1848 T. Guthrie Let. 6 Apr. in Autobiogr. (1875) II. viii. 209 We three, with a boy to row, boated it down the other day to Warwick Castle, a distance of two miles, in the most cockersome thing you ever saw.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cockerv.3

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English cockle , cockling adj.2, cockling n.4
Etymology: Probably an alteration (with suffix substitution: see -er suffix5) of cockle (inferred < cockling adj.2, cockling n.4). Perhaps compare earlier cockering adj.1
Obsolete. rare.
intransitive. Of the sea: to move with short irregular or tumbling waves. Cf. cockling adj.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > state of sea > have or be in specific kind of motion [verb (intransitive)]
go1565
cocker1669
1669 J. Yonge Jrnl. (1963) (modernized text) viii. 115 This morning was very fair and almost calm, but a great sea cockering out of the south east.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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