单词 | claim |
释义 | claimn. 1. a. A demand for something as due; an assertion of a right to something. (Const. as in 2.) to lay claim to: to assert one's right to, claim. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [noun] > claiming as due or right > claim or a demand for something as due challengec1314 claim1393 oncalla1400 acclaim1546 pretext1591 plea1598 pretendence1603 pretendment1642 the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > demand > claim claim1393 society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > claim challengea1240 claimc1320 pretend?a1425 vouch1488 to lay claim to1584 assert1649 vindicate1680 to take up1810 society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (intransitive)] > put forward a claim claim1303 to call upon ——1472 represent1498 to lay in1603 to lay claim toa1616 title1633 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 250 His claime is unanswerde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9304 Sum o þaim Again mi sagh sal sett claim [Trin. Cambr. cleym]. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 80 Cleyme or chalaunge, vendicacio. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. xxxiv. 48 Ther was clayme and answer made bytwene parties..and right and iudgement gyuen. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 230 To make a clayme to the Crowne of Fraunce. 1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 243 His claime on Jerusalem. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 84 What claime laies she to thee? View more context for this quotation 1748 Bp. J. Butler Serm. in Wks. (1874) II. 314 Persons are not to be their own judges in claims of justice. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 34 Advancing no higher claim. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xxiii. 177 Constant claims are set up to the estates of other men by..crafty persons. 1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. viii. 107 Notice..requiring all persons claiming to vote..to send in their claims within a time limited. b. spec. in Insurance, an application for the compensation guaranteed by an insurance company, esp. for loss of or damage to property, etc., insured. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > [noun] > insurance claim claim1878 1878 Chambers's Encycl. V. 602/2 A system of mutual insurance is frequently carried out by associations of ship-owners..—the various claims arising from loss or accident being met by pro rata contributions by members. 1933 G. W. Gilbert Motor Insurance v. 82 On receipt of notice of a claim the first step is to make sure that a policy is in force. 1957 Encycl. Brit. XII. 457/1 All claims negotiations are conducted by the insurers who may if they wish relieve themselves of all further liability at any time by paying to the insured the maximum sum for which they are liable in respect of any one accident. 1971 Reader's Dig. Family Guide to Law 86/2 If the insurance company appears to be taking an unreasonably long time to settle a claim,..a letter of complaint..may persuade them to pay up. 1984 in E. Rudinger et al. Which? Bk. Insurance 23 When you make a claim yourself direct with the insurance company, the first person you come across in the chain is the claims clerk at the company's office. 2. Right of claiming; right or title (to something or to have, be, or do something; also on, upon the person, etc., that the thing is claimed from). ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [noun] > right or moral entitlement rightOE claimc1330 administrationc1384 titlea1400 justice1596 appellation1641 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 196 And whilk of vs is doun, & mad is recreant, Cleyme & accioun he lese. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xx. 48 And all the clame that thai mycht haff In-till scotland. 1491 Act 7 Hen. VII c. 20 §7 All such right, title, interesse, clayme..as they..have in any of the premisses. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 29 b There is no better clayme vnto wealth, then by the conquest of a strong hand to compasse it. 1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 197. ⁋8 Success gave a claim to kindness. 1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. xii. 85 Your friends..have the first claim upon your bounty. 1772 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. (1774) 33 Has the fairest claim to call itself owner. 1811 J. Austen Sense & Sensibility I. ii. 14 What possible claim could the Miss Dashwoods..have on his generosity? View more context for this quotation 1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 139 The attempt has every claim to an indulgent..reception. 3. That which is claimed; spec. in U.S. and Australia, a piece of land allotted and taken, esp. for mining purposes. Phr. to jump a claim: see jump v. 9b. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > land appropriated by miner claim1792 frontage-claim1869 the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > a piece of land > a claim location1847 claim1863 1792 Deb. Congress 1036 The following claims of citizens, reserved by the deed of cession. 1817 S. R. Brown Western Gazetteer 13 The eastern boundary of the Creek claims is pine land. 1851 Austral. & N.Z. Gaz. 15 Nov. 459/1 Many enter upon a claim, dig six or eight feet, and finding little or nothing, leave that spot in disgust. 1863 H. Fawcett Man. Polit. Econ. iii. vi. 359 The claim upon which he [the Australian gold-digger] purchases permission to dig. 1872 R. B. Smyth Mining Statist. 46 In some of the claims to the south the reef is worked with good profit. 1879 R. J. Atcherley Trip to Boërland 122 In the cooler hours I would be working in the claim. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > call clepingc975 callinga1300 calla1400 clamation1502 claim1596 inclamation1613 loud-hailing1943 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. x. sig. I7v I cald, but no man answerd to my clame . View more context for this quotation 5. In the language of Christian Science, the imaginary disturbance which ‘claims’ to be an ailment. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] soreOE cothec1000 sicknessc1000 evilc1275 maladyc1275 grievance1377 passiona1382 infirmityc1384 mischiefa1387 affectiona1398 grievinga1398 grief1398 sicka1400 case?a1425 plaguec1425 diseasea1475 alteration1533 craze1534 uncome1538 impediment1542 affliction?1555 ailment1606 disaster1614 garget1615 morbus1630 ail1648 disaffect1683 disorder1690 illness1692 trouble1726 complaint1727 skookum1838 claim1898 itis1909 bug1918 wog1925 crud1932 bot1937 lurgy1947 Korean haemorrhagic fever1951 nadger1956 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > types > [noun] > imaginary disease claim1898 1898 Westm. Gaz. 26 Mar. 3/1 Ailments were referred to as ‘claims’. For instance, the other night this lady's eldest daughter came to her with the information that her sister had got a ‘claim’ of swollen glands... Soon after this, the mother herself was attacked by a claim of influenza. 1907 ‘M. Twain’ Christian Sci. 57 The second witness testifies that the Science banished ‘an old organic trouble’, which the doctor and the surgeon had been nursing with drugs and the knife for seven years. He calls it his ‘claim’. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. claims adjuster n. claims clerk n. ΚΠ 1885 E. B. Ivatts Railway Managem. at Stations 316 This is a phrase constantly in vogue with claims' clerks, so that it would almost appear they use it at times as a figure of speech in happy oblivion of its meaning or applicability. claims inspector n. (in Dict. Occup. Terms, 1921) claim-form n. ΚΠ 1963 ‘J. Prescot’ Case for Hearing ix. 139 We handled his insurance claim in the office, and I saw the inventory annexed to the claim-form. b. (Sense 3.) claim-agent n. ΚΠ 1860 Wilkes' Spirit of Times (N.Y.) 10 Mar. 14/3 (Weingarten) Claim agent and broker. 1903 N.Y. Evening Post 6 Oct. 6 Our pension policy has furnished an enormous incentive to claims agents and Congressmen. claim-holder n. ΚΠ 1862 W. S. Ebey Diary 4 July in Pacific Northwest Q. (1943) 34 41 Every one of the claim holders whipping his man & retaining his claim. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right II. xiv. 29 All the claim holders had closed round as far as could be seen in every direction. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 15 June 2/1 With the result..of ‘freezing out’ the average claim-holder and obtaining his claims on their own terms. claim-holding n. ΚΠ 1902 Westm. Gaz. 26 Nov. 11/3 Their total claim-holding having been increased. claim-notice n. ΚΠ 1889 Cent. Dict. Claim-notice,..a notification posted by a miner or other settler upon a piece of public land [etc.]. claim-pegging n. ΚΠ 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Feb. 7/2 Claim-pegging in the Transvaal. claim-shack n. ΚΠ 1916 ‘B. M. Bower’ Phantom Herd ix. 149 We learned our little lessons when we were building claim shacks for ourselves. claim-shanty n. ΚΠ 1860 Harper's Mag. Aug. 299/2 Claim-stakes and claim-shanties speck the road. 1873 E. Eggleston Myst. Metropolisville ii. 23 Here and there Charlton noticed the little claim-shanties. 1888 Harper's Mag. Mar. 568/1 The country is now taken up and dotted with claim shanties. claim-stake n. ΚΠ 1901 S. E. White Claim Jumpers iii. 37 In her hand was the missing claim stake. C2. claim-acreage n. acreage consisting of miners' claims. ΚΠ 1903 Daily Chron. 1 July 7/6 Ten times larger than the Kimberley mine in claim acreage. claim-jumper n. originally U.S. one who ‘jumps’ (see jump v. 9b) a claim or appropriates one already taken by another; also transferred. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > taking possession > [noun] > of land > summary > one who claim-jumper1839 jumper1855 lot jumper1868 1839 in Ann. Iowa 3rd Ser. X. 430 To Claim Jumpers... This is therefore to forbid all persons entering or trespassing upon said (land) claim. 1888 Current (Chicago) 24 Mar. 259/2 The claim-jumper laughed as though he enjoyed it hugely. 1922 C. E. Mulford Tex viii. 237 An' he needs us to keep our eyes on them blasted claim jumpers. 1945 M. James Cherokee Strip 4 You know what a claim-jumper a cowbird is—laying its eggs in other birds' nests and all. claim-jumping n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > taking possession > [noun] > of land > summary claim-jumping1846 jumping1889 1846 Oregon Spectator 29 Oct. 2/3 In regard to ‘claim-jumping’. 1910 J. Hart Vigilante Girl xiv. 186 He has no sentimental prejudices about claim-jumping miners. 1933 P. Fleming Brazilian Adventure ii. iii. 205 He spoke with some bitterness of evangelistic claim-jumping, and of the base tricks employed by the rival missions in the race for converts. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). claimv. 1. a. transitive. To demand as one's own or one's due; to seek or ask for on the ground of right. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > claim challengea1240 claimc1320 pretend?a1425 vouch1488 to lay claim to1584 assert1649 vindicate1680 to take up1810 c1320 Sir Beues 3002 He..comeþ..And cleimeþ his eritage. 1340–70 Alisaunder 80 Hee fared on in haste, To clayme his kingdome. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 825 On hymself he con al clem. 1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy v. xxxvi I it cleym duely as of debte. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 421 Quhat landis clemys he? a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. i. 110 Dowsabell did claime me for her husband. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 32 For none sure will claim in hell Precedence. View more context for this quotation 1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 317 That one has a right to claim a share. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems l. 20 What if Nemesis haply claim repayment? b. with infinitive phr. or subordinate clause. ΚΠ c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 366 Owre colagis..claymen to be exempt. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 104 Ye erle off Carryk Clamys to govern ye kynryk. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 417 Yis child yat clemys ȝour man to be. 1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire II. xix. 349 He claimed that his word should be law. 1876 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People (1882) ii. §6. 89 Every townsman could claim to be tried by his fellow-townsmen. c. To make a claim for (indemnity), esp. upon an insurance company. Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > insure [verb (transitive)] > insurance policy operations underwrite1622 adjust1720 load1867 sub-underwrite1895 claim1897 twist1906 insure1911 write1931 1897 Act 60 & 61 Vict. c. 37 § 1(2)(b) When the injury was caused by the personal negligence or wilful act of the employer..the workman may, at his option, either claim compensation under this Act, or take the same proceedings as were open to him before..this Act. 1947 W. A. Dinsdale Princ. & Pract. Accident Insurance ii. ix. 98A If an assessor is employed, it sometimes happens that the assessor recommends the payment of more than the amount claimed. 1971 Reader's Digest Family Guide Law 86/1 Before deciding to claim for a small amount of damage,..consider whether it might be cheaper to bear the loss yourself. 1982 in E. Rudinger et al. Which? Bk. Insurance (1984) 107 There is nothing to force a policyholder to claim indemnity under his policy where there are no personal injuries involved. 2. a. To assert and demand recognition of (an alleged right, title, possession, attribute, acquirement, or the like); to assert as one's own, to affirm one's possession of.Sense 1 claims the delivery of a thing, sense 2 the admission of an allegation. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > claim > claim to have claima1400 pretend1402 pretend1402 pretentc1425 to set up for1698 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3544 Þou sal neuer..In þi forbirth do claim na right. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1275 Whatt ryghte þat he claymes..Thus to ryot þis rewme. 1465 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 311 To hold the court in your name and to clayme your tytill. 1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 47 §2 Persones..that claymeth or pretendith any title to the premysses. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. Dv Thundring Ioue..she claymed for her syre. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 282 Both Sides claim'd the Victory. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 67 Every stranger, who claimed a right to any particular lands. 1857 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. (ed. 3) II. vii. iii. 154 The degree of accuracy which had been claimed for them. 1884 B. Bosanquet et al. tr. H. Lotze Metaphysic 106 We have not in fact the knowledge which we might here be inclined to claim. b. with infinitive phr., obj. compl., or subordinate clause. ΚΠ c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 49 Alle..Þat cleymed to hold of him þer heritages. c1393 G. Chaucer Gentilesse 2 That claymethe gentyle for to be. c1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1558) ii. vi. 4 This Iuge..claimed her his servant by false collusion. c1440 York Myst. xxxi. 223 Claymes to be a kyng of Jewis. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 487 Her husband claimed to be tenant by the curtesy. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues IV. 267 A mere word or symbol claiming to be a proposition. 1874 J. Parker Paraclete i. ii. 18 It is claimed, then, on behalf of Christianity, that there is a Holy Ghost. c. ‘Often loosely used (esp. in U.S.) for: Contend, maintain, assert’. (F. Hall.) ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > maintaining or upholding as true > maintain or uphold as true [verb (transitive)] haveOE werea1300 maintainc1350 confirmc1380 sustainc1430 defendc1475 to hold in hand1530 uphold1530 soothea1556 dispute1610 sticklea1661 to hold out1847 claim1864 1864 O. W. Norton Army Lett. (1903) 204 I don't claim that they fought well, only as well as they could. 1876 Troy Morning Whig 27 May The man accused his wife of being intoxicated, which she denied and claimed that he was in that condition himself. 1887 Troy Daily Times 8 Jan. John Weatherwax..procured a peace warrant for the arrest of his son..who he claims has threatened to kill him. 1904 Providence Jrnl. 1 Aug. 4 Neighbors claim to have seen two men about the place. 1922 World's Work July 119/2 Refet Bey..was hopping mad at an attempt which he claimed that the British had made to kidnap him. 3. Of things: To call for, demand, or require; to be entitled to, deserve, have a right to. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > demand or call out for (some action) challenge1577 to cry for ——1581 claima1616 crya1616 scream1906 a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. ii. 134 Octauia..whose beauty claimes No worse a husband then the best of men. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 566 Such wonder claims attention due. View more context for this quotation 1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 87 What Doctor Friend has written..claims an attentive reading. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. §20. 334 There is one other point..which claims our attention. 1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 26 This first life claims a second, else I count its gain no gain. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > cry or beg loudly for grede1340 cry1393 claimc1400 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1097 Lazares ful monye..Drye folk & ydropike..Alle called on þat cortayse [Christ] & claymed his grace. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > claim > claim to be claimc1330 to figure for1596 to put ina1616 society > communication > information > announcing or proclaiming > announce or proclaim [verb (transitive)] > announce or proclaim a person as claimc1330 publishc1384 proclaima1393 acclaim1634 acclaim1634 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 19 Þei with fulle gode wille..cleymed him for þer chefe of West & of Est. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12812 Ne prophet sal naman me claim. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xxii. 147 Trewaundrie bi name I cleyme it, and Maungepayn I clepe it. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccx. 194 Ye shal not be claymed kyng nother for kyng be hold. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1321 He cleymyd hym-sylf son of þe godhed. 1565 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. (1611) 481 He..may easily Claime himselfe to be more then a Man. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. x. sig. K2 Nor all that else through all the world is named..Might like to this be clamed . View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > renounce to claim quitc1314 to quit claimc1314 remisea1325 release1379 remit1379 renouncec1400 to put apart1455 discharge1466 to swear out1598 to quit claim to1664 remiss1701 cut1791 renunciate1848 c1314 Guy Warw. A. 6654 Þai ben out of prisoun y-gon, Oþer quite-cleymed ichon. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 99 Roberd salle cleyme all quite to Henry..Þat Roberd, ne non of hise, salle ask Henry..Þis dette. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 2038 If o þi fader þou haue despite, Of his blissing i claim þe quite [Gött. I claime þe of his blissing quite]. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1763 To qwit claym all querels, & be qweme fryndes. ΚΠ a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4481 ‘Cleymeþ he after cloþes..? deceyue me nouȝt..but seie me þe soþe’. ‘Ȝis, bi crist..cloþes he askes’. c1470 J. Hardyng Chron. cxcii. ii The folke..for hym cryed & claymed. 1526 W. Bonde Rosary sig. Cv Howe mayst thou cleme or crye for glorie. 8. a. intransitive. To put forward a claim, assert a right. †to claim of (quot. 1303), to: to claim, assert a right to. †to claim for (quot. c1400): to claim to be, assert one's right as being. (In later times apparently an absolute use of 1 or 2.) ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (intransitive)] > put forward a claim claim1303 to call upon ——1472 represent1498 to lay in1603 to lay claim toa1616 title1633 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 9561 Ȝyf a chylde be dede bore..And receyve nat þe bapteme, Of heuene may hyt neuer cleme. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxii. 238 Alle the Mynstrelle that comen before hym..ben..entred in his Bokes..And aftre that, where that evere thei gon, ever more thei cleymen for Mynstralle of the grete Chane. c1647 R. Sanderson Episcopacy (1673) 39 All these..do..claim to a Jus Divinum. 1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. (1960) i. §94. 229 We must know how the first Ruler, from whom any one claims, came by his Authority. 1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 73 Say from what scepter'd ancestry ye claim. b. To occupy land in virtue of a claim. ΚΠ 1786 Maryland Hist. Mag. 19 262 One Fleming who lived and claimed under Mr. Carroll..resided in a clap board house. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > reform, amend, or correct [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person raisec1175 chastya1240 amenda1275 chastisec1330 reara1382 revokec1384 redressc1390 reclaima1393 reducec1425 reform1477 reclaim?a1505 emendc1542 claim1546 reduct1548 save1857 decriminalize1963 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergile De Invent. (1551) 69 b When men wer somwhat clamed of their uplandishe behauor. Derivatives claimed adj. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adjective] > claiming > claimed claimed1611 acclaimed1614 asserted1685 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Calengé, claimed, challenged. 1884 Athenæum 15 Mar. 346/3 The burden of proving that the slavery of his claimed slaves was derived [etc.] claiming n. and adj. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adjective] > claiming claimingc1440 pretendant1595 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 80 Cleymynge. 1862 J. Ruskin Munera Pulveris (1880) 79 Whatever the claiming value of the currency is at any moment. 1884 Athenæum 15 Mar. 346/3 [He] imposed on the claiming master the burden of proving that [etc.]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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