cilian.

Brit.

/ˈsɪlɪə/, U.S.

/ˈsɪljə/,

/ˈsɪliə/

Forms: Singular cilium (not common).

Etymology: < Latin cilia, plural of cilium , an eyelid, eyelid-edge, eyelash. (The plural has been made ciliæ and cilias by those who mistook cilia for a singular) Compare cil n.

With plural agreement.

a. The eyelids, esp. the outer edges of the eyelids.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > eye > [noun] > eyelid

breec890

eye-breeOE

eyelida1200

browc1200

lid (of the eye)c1220

palpebre?a1425

window1593

brow-lid1594

fin1604

under-lid1611

palpebra1634

cilia1715

eye-peeper1786

Madonna lid1863

eyewinker1923

1715 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum (ed. 2) Cilium, the Eye-lid, properly the utmost Edge of the Eye-lid, out of which the Hairs grow.

So 1721–1800 in N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict.

1783 J. C. Smyth in Med. Communications 1 193 The cilia, or edges of the eye-lids, look red.

b. The eyelashes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > hair > eyelash > [noun]

breec1450

eye-bree1577

winker1734

eyelash1755

lash1796

eyewinker1808

cilia1838

1838 Penny Cycl. X. 141/2 The lashes or cilia..grow in several rows at the margins of both lids.

1875 H. Walton Pract. Treat. Dis. Eye (ed. 3) 137 A cilium is always in the centre of it.

a. Delicate hairs resembling eyelashes, esp. such as form a fringe on the margins of leaves, the wings of some insects, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > hair or bristle > [noun] > hairs or cilia

cilia1785

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > villosity or ciliation > [noun] > villus

capillament1681

villus1704

cilia1785

villosity1828

strand1877

microvillus1953

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxvi. 404 The scales are ovate, with erect, capillary ciliæ [1791: cilias].

1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 461 The wings [of diptera] are always distant..Their edge is more or less fringed with cilia.

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 331 The margin of the theca appears furnished with appendages of very regular form arranged in one or two rows..termed Teeth or Cilia.

b. Ornithology. The barbicels of a feather.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > part of

pen1381

quill?a1425

dowlc1535

rib1545

web1575

pilec1600

twill1664

beard1688

pinion1691

vane1713

shaft1748

beardlet1804

medulla1826

barb1835

barbule1835

stem1845

feather-pulp1859

aftershaft1867

barbicel1869

filament1870

vexillum1871

scape1872

rachis1874

harl1877

calamus1878

radius1882

ramus1882

scapus1882

cilia1884

1884 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) ii. 84 The barbicels..also called cilia, or lashes... These are simply a sort of fringe to the barbules.

1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. 1 240 The cilia or barbicels with their hamuli or hooks are outgrowths of the radii.

3. Physiology. Minute hair-like organs or appendages found on the tissues of most animals, and in some vegetable organisms. They are in incessant vibratile movement, and in many of the lower animal forms that live in water they serve as the chief organs of locomotion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > hair or bristle > [noun] > hair-like organs or appendages

cilia1835

cils1868

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > villosity or ciliation > [noun] > cilia

cilia1835

arbuscle1860

cils1868

dynein arm1965

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 606/1 The cilia serve as organs of locomotion.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 606/1 Cilia..exist in a great many invertebrated and in all vertebrated animals except Fishes.

1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) vii. 157 In some of the lower animals, cells may be found possessing only a single cilium.

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 211 Algae, The rotating advancing movement is occasioned by Cilia, fine vibratile threads which are sometimes very numerous but short, and cover the whole surface of the swarm-spore.

1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 26 Thread~like processes or cilia, which are capable of performing repeatedly a whipping-like movement.

Compounds

in combinations as cilia-bearing adj. (in sense 3).

ΚΠ

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 43/2 The cilia-bearing arches.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	cilia
释义	cilian. Brit. /ˈsɪlɪə/, U.S. /ˈsɪljə/, /ˈsɪliə/ Forms: Singular cilium (not common). Etymology: < Latin cilia, plural of cilium , an eyelid, eyelid-edge, eyelash. (The plural has been made ciliæ and cilias by those who mistook cilia for a singular) Compare cil n. With plural agreement. 1. a. The eyelids, esp. the outer edges of the eyelids. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > eye > [noun] > eyelid breec890 eye-breeOE eyelida1200 browc1200 lid (of the eye)c1220 palpebre?a1425 window1593 brow-lid1594 fin1604 under-lid1611 palpebra1634 cilia1715 eye-peeper1786 Madonna lid1863 eyewinker1923 1715 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum (ed. 2) Cilium, the Eye-lid, properly the utmost Edge of the Eye-lid, out of which the Hairs grow. So 1721–1800 in N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. 1783 J. C. Smyth in Med. Communications 1 193 The cilia, or edges of the eye-lids, look red. b. The eyelashes. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > eyelash > [noun] breec1450 eye-bree1577 winker1734 eyelash1755 lash1796 eyewinker1808 cilia1838 1838 Penny Cycl. X. 141/2 The lashes or cilia..grow in several rows at the margins of both lids. 1875 H. Walton Pract. Treat. Dis. Eye (ed. 3) 137 A cilium is always in the centre of it. 2. a. Delicate hairs resembling eyelashes, esp. such as form a fringe on the margins of leaves, the wings of some insects, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > hair or bristle > [noun] > hairs or cilia cilia1785 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > villosity or ciliation > [noun] > villus capillament1681 villus1704 cilia1785 villosity1828 strand1877 microvillus1953 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxvi. 404 The scales are ovate, with erect, capillary ciliæ [1791: cilias]. 1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom (abridged ed.) 461 The wings [of diptera] are always distant..Their edge is more or less fringed with cilia. 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 331 The margin of the theca appears furnished with appendages of very regular form arranged in one or two rows..termed Teeth or Cilia. b. Ornithology. The barbicels of a feather. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > feather > [noun] > part of pen1381 quill?a1425 dowlc1535 rib1545 web1575 pilec1600 twill1664 beard1688 pinion1691 vane1713 shaft1748 beardlet1804 medulla1826 barb1835 barbule1835 stem1845 feather-pulp1859 aftershaft1867 barbicel1869 filament1870 vexillum1871 scape1872 rachis1874 harl1877 calamus1878 radius1882 ramus1882 scapus1882 cilia1884 1884 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) ii. 84 The barbicels..also called cilia, or lashes... These are simply a sort of fringe to the barbules. 1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. 1 240 The cilia or barbicels with their hamuli or hooks are outgrowths of the radii. 3. Physiology. Minute hair-like organs or appendages found on the tissues of most animals, and in some vegetable organisms. They are in incessant vibratile movement, and in many of the lower animal forms that live in water they serve as the chief organs of locomotion. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > hair or bristle > [noun] > hair-like organs or appendages cilia1835 cils1868 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > villosity or ciliation > [noun] > cilia cilia1835 arbuscle1860 cils1868 dynein arm1965 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 606/1 The cilia serve as organs of locomotion. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 606/1 Cilia..exist in a great many invertebrated and in all vertebrated animals except Fishes. 1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) vii. 157 In some of the lower animals, cells may be found possessing only a single cilium. 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 211 Algae, The rotating advancing movement is occasioned by Cilia, fine vibratile threads which are sometimes very numerous but short, and cover the whole surface of the swarm-spore. 1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 26 Thread~like processes or cilia, which are capable of performing repeatedly a whipping-like movement. Compounds in combinations as cilia-bearing adj. (in sense 3). ΚΠ 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 43/2 The cilia-bearing arches. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1715
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