citronellan.

Brit.

/ˌsɪtrəˈnɛlə/, U.S.

/ˌsɪtrəˈnɛlə/

Forms: 1800s cetronella, 1800s– citronella.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item; perhaps partly modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymon: citronelle n.

Etymology: Alteration of citronelle n. after -ella suffix, and perhaps also after Italian cedronella lemon balm, melissa (1544; a1556 as †cetronella). Compare post-classical Latin citronella lemon-scented plant (1606 or earlier).

1. A liqueur flavoured with lemons. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > liqueur > [noun] > kinds of

rosa solis1564

rose wine1603

rose of solace1604

ros solis1607

ratafia1670

brandy-cherrya1687

cherry-brandy1686

kernel-water1706

cherry cordial1710

visney1733

walnut-water1747

aniseed1749

maraschino1770

noyau1787

rosolio1796

cherry-bounce1798

absinthe1803

Parfait Amour1805

curaçao1813

ginger cordial1813

citronelle1818

pine1818

crèmea1821

alkermes1825

Goldwasser1826

citronella1834

anisette1837

goldwater1849

crème de cassis1851

Van der Hum1861

chocolate liqueur1864

kümmel1864

chartreuse1866

pimento dram1867

Trappistine1877

green muse1878

rock and rye1878

Benedictine1882

liqueur brandy1882

mandarin1882

green1889

Drambuie1893

advocaat1895

Grand Marnier1900

green fairy1902

green peril1905

cassis1907

Strega1910

quetsch1916

cointreau1920

anis1926

Izarra1926

Southern Comfort1934

amaro1945

Tia Maria1948

amaretto1969

Sabra1970

sambuca1971

Midori1978

limoncello1993

1834 Alexander's E. India & Colonial Mag. Nov. Dutch Liqueurs, at 16s. per Bottle...Citronella.

1921 A. M. Patterson French-English Dict. for Chemists 70 Citronelle, citronella..a liqueur flavoured with lemons.

2. A lemon-scented oil obtained from two South Asian grasses, Cymbopogon nardus and C. winterianus, used in perfumery and as an insect repellent; more fully citronella oil. Also (more fully citronella grass): either of these grasses (cf. lemon-grass n. at lemon n.¹ Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > other fragrant or perfume plants

rosha1837

citronella1849

palmarosa grass1870

the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically

ewrosec1350

stacte1382

oil of rosesa1398

rose watera1398

sandalc1400

musk?a1425

damask water?1520

malabathrum1543

orris1545

civet1553

ambracan1555

rose cake1559

lavender-water1563

oil of spikenard1565

zibet1594

orange-flower water1595

orris powder?1600

spike-oil1611

angel water1634

cypress-powder1634

angelica1653

jasmine1670

jessamy1671

rosat1674

frangipane1676

marechale1676

orangery1676

tuberose1682

jasmine-water1750

otto1759

rose geranium1773

millefleurs1775

new-mown hay1789

attar1798

eau-de-Cologne1802

Cologne1814

dedes1817

eau de Portugal1825

verbena1837

rondeletia1838

bay-rum1840

Florida water1840

citronelle1841

patchouli1843

citronella1849

gardenia1851

sandalwood oil1851

Ess Bouquet1855

marmala water1857

mignonette1858

spikenard oil1861

sandalwood1865

serpolet1866

ylang-ylang1876

flower-water1886

lily1890

lilac1895

stephanotis1895

tea rose1897

chypre1898

Peau d'Espagne1898

violette de Parme1904

poppy1905

Parma violet1907

wallflower1907

1849 Rep. State Colonial Possessions 1848 497/1 (table) in Parl. Papers XXXIV. 1 Miscellaneous... Oil, Cetronella.

1855 S. W. Baker Eight Years' Wanderings in Ceylon 288 Lemon-grass oil, which is known in commerce as citronella oil, is a delightful extract from the rank lemon-grass.

1878 Year-bk. Pharmacy 386 The disagreeable odour [of green soap]..is easily overcome by a few drops of essential oil, for instance, the oil of citronella.

1884 Indian Forester 10 14 Large areas planted with cocoanuts, cinnamon, and citronella grass.

1911 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 100 i. 476 The citronella grasses of Ceylon are of four kinds.

1929 J. W. Bews World's Grasses ix. 355 Few of the grasses yield drugs, but ‘Citronella’ or ‘Lemon oil’ is obtained from Cymbopogon citratus.

1947 M. Crawford in W. P. Blount Dis. Poultry l. 498 Prevent attack by mosquitoes by smearing a little citronella oil on the comb, face, wattles and lobes.

1976 E. Brandon in W. D. Hand Amer. Folk Med. 216 Mamou, sassafras, laurier, citronella—I have all of these in my garden.

2005 New Yorker 27 June 82/2 They eat on the balcony..with citronella candles flickering on the table.

2010 A. Akhila Essent. Oil-bearing Grasses ii. 72 The wild varieties of citronella growing in Sri Lanka contain phenyl propanoids in abundance.

Derivatives

citroˈnellal n. [ < citronella n. + -al suffix²] Chemistry a fragrant liquid terpenoid aldehyde found in many plant oils including those of citronella, lemongrass, and Kaffir lime.Citronellal is the aldehyde of citronellol. Systematic name: 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-al; C₁₀H₁₈O.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from oils and fats > [noun]

odorine1833

olein1838

palmitin1841

sericin1841

valerol1845

fuscin1864

safrole1869

anethene1872

methyl salicylate1876

salviol1877

isoeugenol1883

cineole1885

citronellal1890

coriandrol1891

tansy oil1894

arachin1905

ascaridol1908

phorbol1935

1890 F. D. Dodge in Amer. Chem. Jrnl. 12 557 As was to be expected, citronellal-phosphoric acid is optically active.

1893 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 64 i. 685 The author [sc. F. W. Semmler] concludes that citronellaldehyde (citronellal) has the constitution CHO·CHMe·[CH₂]₃·CH:CMe₂.

1964 Economist 26 Dec. 1448/1 Rose-like chemicals like geraniol, citronellal and phenyl ethyl ether.

2006 J. M. Hornback Org. Chem. (Internat. Student ed.) xxviii. 1188 Citronellal, a terpene found in lemon-grass oil..is also used as an ingredient in perfumes.

citroˈnellic adj. Chemistry relating to or derived from citronella; chiefly in citronellic acid n. a carboxylic acid, C₁₀H₁₈O₂, made by oxidizing citronellol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from oils and fats > [adjective] > others

cineolic1888

citronellic1890

1890 F. D. Dodge in School of Mines Q. 11 166 The aldehyde is then isomeric with borneol and eucalyptol. The name citronellic aldehyde seems suitable as indicating its origin.

1891 Amer. Jrnl. Pharmacy 63 302 By oxidation with oxide of silver a liquid acid, citronellic acid C₁₀H₁₈O₂, was obtained.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xli. 603 It is..oxidized to a monobasic acid, citronellic acid, containing the same number of carbon atoms.

2010 J. Lin in Y. H. Hui et al. Handbk. Fruit & Veg. Flavors xxxvi. 699 Nerol, citronellol, and citronellic acid..are present in high concentration in transgenic fruits.

citroˈnellol n. [ < citronella n. + -ol suffix] Chemistry a fragrant liquid terpenoid alcohol of which there are two enantiomers, one of which is found esp. in citronella oil, the other esp. in oils of rose and pelargonium.Systematic name: 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol; C₁₀H₂₀O.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [noun] > other named alcohols

melissin1848

melissic alcohol1852

toluylic alcohol1857

melissylic alcohol1862

citronellol1872

pararosaniline1879

oenanthic alcohol1880

arabitol1887

hydrol1897

thiol1900

nerol1903

oleoyl alcohol1903

pyruvic alcohol1909

oenanthotoxin1911

hexadecanol1914

lauryl alcohol1915

batyl alcohol1922

chimyl alcohol1924

1872 J. H. Gladstone in Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 25 8 I propose naming this oil citronellol, in accordance with the usual plan of adopting -ol as the termination of the names of bodies of this nature.

1944 R. W. Moncrieff Chem. Senses xiii. 319 Bulgarian rose otto contains 40 to 55 per cent. citronellol.

2004 Guardian 8 May (Chemical World Suppl.) 27/2 Even the ingredients list of a distinctly average shower gel (aqua, sodium laureth sulfate,..citronellol,..) is lengthy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	citronella
释义	citronellan. Brit. /ˌsɪtrəˈnɛlə/, U.S. /ˌsɪtrəˈnɛlə/ Forms: 1800s cetronella, 1800s– citronella. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item; perhaps partly modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymon: citronelle n. Etymology: Alteration of citronelle n. after -ella suffix, and perhaps also after Italian cedronella lemon balm, melissa (1544; a1556 as †cetronella). Compare post-classical Latin citronella lemon-scented plant (1606 or earlier). 1. A liqueur flavoured with lemons. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > liqueur > [noun] > kinds of rosa solis1564 rose wine1603 rose of solace1604 ros solis1607 ratafia1670 brandy-cherrya1687 cherry-brandy1686 kernel-water1706 cherry cordial1710 visney1733 walnut-water1747 aniseed1749 maraschino1770 noyau1787 rosolio1796 cherry-bounce1798 absinthe1803 Parfait Amour1805 curaçao1813 ginger cordial1813 citronelle1818 pine1818 crèmea1821 alkermes1825 Goldwasser1826 citronella1834 anisette1837 goldwater1849 crème de cassis1851 Van der Hum1861 chocolate liqueur1864 kümmel1864 chartreuse1866 pimento dram1867 Trappistine1877 green muse1878 rock and rye1878 Benedictine1882 liqueur brandy1882 mandarin1882 green1889 Drambuie1893 advocaat1895 Grand Marnier1900 green fairy1902 green peril1905 cassis1907 Strega1910 quetsch1916 cointreau1920 anis1926 Izarra1926 Southern Comfort1934 amaro1945 Tia Maria1948 amaretto1969 Sabra1970 sambuca1971 Midori1978 limoncello1993 1834 Alexander's E. India & Colonial Mag. Nov. Dutch Liqueurs, at 16s. per Bottle...Citronella. 1921 A. M. Patterson French-English Dict. for Chemists 70 Citronelle, citronella..a liqueur flavoured with lemons. 2. A lemon-scented oil obtained from two South Asian grasses, Cymbopogon nardus and C. winterianus, used in perfumery and as an insect repellent; more fully citronella oil. Also (more fully citronella grass): either of these grasses (cf. lemon-grass n. at lemon n.¹ Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > other fragrant or perfume plants rosha1837 citronella1849 palmarosa grass1870 the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically ewrosec1350 stacte1382 oil of rosesa1398 rose watera1398 sandalc1400 musk?a1425 damask water?1520 malabathrum1543 orris1545 civet1553 ambracan1555 rose cake1559 lavender-water1563 oil of spikenard1565 zibet1594 orange-flower water1595 orris powder?1600 spike-oil1611 angel water1634 cypress-powder1634 angelica1653 jasmine1670 jessamy1671 rosat1674 frangipane1676 marechale1676 orangery1676 tuberose1682 jasmine-water1750 otto1759 rose geranium1773 millefleurs1775 new-mown hay1789 attar1798 eau-de-Cologne1802 Cologne1814 dedes1817 eau de Portugal1825 verbena1837 rondeletia1838 bay-rum1840 Florida water1840 citronelle1841 patchouli1843 citronella1849 gardenia1851 sandalwood oil1851 Ess Bouquet1855 marmala water1857 mignonette1858 spikenard oil1861 sandalwood1865 serpolet1866 ylang-ylang1876 flower-water1886 lily1890 lilac1895 stephanotis1895 tea rose1897 chypre1898 Peau d'Espagne1898 violette de Parme1904 poppy1905 Parma violet1907 wallflower1907 1849 Rep. State Colonial Possessions 1848 497/1 (table) in Parl. Papers XXXIV. 1 Miscellaneous... Oil, Cetronella. 1855 S. W. Baker Eight Years' Wanderings in Ceylon 288 Lemon-grass oil, which is known in commerce as citronella oil, is a delightful extract from the rank lemon-grass. 1878 Year-bk. Pharmacy 386 The disagreeable odour [of green soap]..is easily overcome by a few drops of essential oil, for instance, the oil of citronella. 1884 Indian Forester 10 14 Large areas planted with cocoanuts, cinnamon, and citronella grass. 1911 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 100 i. 476 The citronella grasses of Ceylon are of four kinds. 1929 J. W. Bews World's Grasses ix. 355 Few of the grasses yield drugs, but ‘Citronella’ or ‘Lemon oil’ is obtained from Cymbopogon citratus. 1947 M. Crawford in W. P. Blount Dis. Poultry l. 498 Prevent attack by mosquitoes by smearing a little citronella oil on the comb, face, wattles and lobes. 1976 E. Brandon in W. D. Hand Amer. Folk Med. 216 Mamou, sassafras, laurier, citronella—I have all of these in my garden. 2005 New Yorker 27 June 82/2 They eat on the balcony..with citronella candles flickering on the table. 2010 A. Akhila Essent. Oil-bearing Grasses ii. 72 The wild varieties of citronella growing in Sri Lanka contain phenyl propanoids in abundance. Derivatives citroˈnellal n. [ < citronella n. + -al suffix²] Chemistry a fragrant liquid terpenoid aldehyde found in many plant oils including those of citronella, lemongrass, and Kaffir lime.Citronellal is the aldehyde of citronellol. Systematic name: 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-al; C₁₀H₁₈O. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from oils and fats > [noun] odorine1833 olein1838 palmitin1841 sericin1841 valerol1845 fuscin1864 safrole1869 anethene1872 methyl salicylate1876 salviol1877 isoeugenol1883 cineole1885 citronellal1890 coriandrol1891 tansy oil1894 arachin1905 ascaridol1908 phorbol1935 1890 F. D. Dodge in Amer. Chem. Jrnl. 12 557 As was to be expected, citronellal-phosphoric acid is optically active. 1893 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 64 i. 685 The author [sc. F. W. Semmler] concludes that citronellaldehyde (citronellal) has the constitution CHO·CHMe·[CH₂]₃·CH:CMe₂. 1964 Economist 26 Dec. 1448/1 Rose-like chemicals like geraniol, citronellal and phenyl ethyl ether. 2006 J. M. Hornback Org. Chem. (Internat. Student ed.) xxviii. 1188 Citronellal, a terpene found in lemon-grass oil..is also used as an ingredient in perfumes. citroˈnellic adj. Chemistry relating to or derived from citronella; chiefly in citronellic acid n. a carboxylic acid, C₁₀H₁₈O₂, made by oxidizing citronellol. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from oils and fats > [adjective] > others cineolic1888 citronellic1890 1890 F. D. Dodge in School of Mines Q. 11 166 The aldehyde is then isomeric with borneol and eucalyptol. The name citronellic aldehyde seems suitable as indicating its origin. 1891 Amer. Jrnl. Pharmacy 63 302 By oxidation with oxide of silver a liquid acid, citronellic acid C₁₀H₁₈O₂, was obtained. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xli. 603 It is..oxidized to a monobasic acid, citronellic acid, containing the same number of carbon atoms. 2010 J. Lin in Y. H. Hui et al. Handbk. Fruit & Veg. Flavors xxxvi. 699 Nerol, citronellol, and citronellic acid..are present in high concentration in transgenic fruits. citroˈnellol n. [ < citronella n. + -ol suffix] Chemistry a fragrant liquid terpenoid alcohol of which there are two enantiomers, one of which is found esp. in citronella oil, the other esp. in oils of rose and pelargonium.Systematic name: 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol; C₁₀H₂₀O. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > alcohols > [noun] > other named alcohols melissin1848 melissic alcohol1852 toluylic alcohol1857 melissylic alcohol1862 citronellol1872 pararosaniline1879 oenanthic alcohol1880 arabitol1887 hydrol1897 thiol1900 nerol1903 oleoyl alcohol1903 pyruvic alcohol1909 oenanthotoxin1911 hexadecanol1914 lauryl alcohol1915 batyl alcohol1922 chimyl alcohol1924 1872 J. H. Gladstone in Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 25 8 I propose naming this oil citronellol, in accordance with the usual plan of adopting -ol as the termination of the names of bodies of this nature. 1944 R. W. Moncrieff Chem. Senses xiii. 319 Bulgarian rose otto contains 40 to 55 per cent. citronellol. 2004 Guardian 8 May (Chemical World Suppl.) 27/2 Even the ingredients list of a distinctly average shower gel (aqua, sodium laureth sulfate,..citronellol,..) is lengthy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1834
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