citraten.

Brit.

/ˈsɪtreɪt/, U.S.

/ˈsɪˌtreɪt/

Forms: 1700s–1800s citrat, 1700s– citrate.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French citrate.

Etymology: < French citrate ( L.-B. Guyton de Morveau Mémoire sur les dénominations chimiques (1782)) < citr- (in citrique citric adj.) + -ate -ate suffix¹. Compare earlier citrated adj. and the post-classical Latin adjective cited at that entry.

Chemistry.

A salt or ester, or an anion, of citric acid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > esters > [noun] > salts, esters, or anions > others

citrate1788

pyrophosphate1827

paraphosphate1837

thioglycolate1877

isatogenate1882

orotate1905

hydrazoate1910

octoate1911

octanoate1945

1788 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. I. p. lxxxix Calcareous citrate is formed, which is insoluble in boiling water.

1806 R. Patterson Adams's Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. (rev. ed.) I. App. 547 Citrats—acted upon by the stronger mineral acids.

1815 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 7) II. i. xx. 202 Citrate of soda is a very soluble salt.

1886 R. C. Haldane Subtrop. Cultiv. & Climates 55 Citric Acid.—Is obtained from lemon-juice by saturating it with chalk or whiting till effervescence ceases, by which citrate of lime is formed.

1910 J. A. Murray Soils & Manures viii. 220 The reverted phosphate..is largely soluble in a neutral solution of ammonium citrate.

1948 L. E. H. Whitby Nurses' Handbk. Hygiene (ed. 8) vi. 149 Organic salts, such as tartrates and citrates, are found in fresh vegetables.

1985 Cambr. Encycl. Life Sci. i. 26/2 Citrate inhibits glycolysis at its rate-determining step, the reaction catalysed by the enzyme phosphofructokinase.

2006 Zest Jan. 43/3 (table) Check that supplements contain calcium citrate, which is better absorbed than calcium carbonate.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

citratev.

Brit.

/sᵻˈtreɪt/, U.S.

/ˈsɪˌtreɪt/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: citrate n., citric adj., -ate suffix³.

Etymology: < citr- (in citrate n., citric adj.) + -ate suffix³. Compare earlier citrated adj.

Chiefly Medicine and Physiology.

transitive and intransitive. To treat (a specimen of blood or other fluid) with a citrate, typically sodium citrate. Cf. citrated adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > treat with drugs [verb (transitive)] > treat with specific drugs or medicines

tartar1647

blue-pill1824

mercurialize1825

opium1825

treacle1839

tartar-emeticize1844

quinine1858

quininize1860

cinchonize1863

veratrize1891

oxalate1894

tuberculinize1897

citrate1903

strychninize1934

juice1973

1903 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 30 May 1254/2 Larger quantities of blood may be examined by citrating and employing the centrifuge.

1921 Lancet 1 Jan. 22/2 A batch of broth was taken and divided into two parts, one being kept as the control, the other portions of the remainder being citrated by the addition of..citrate of soda.

1946 Nature 6 July 24/1 The fluid was aspirated by means of a hypodermic syringe from the uterine swellings..and was citrated.

2004 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 189 447 We endeavored to secure cultures of the organism causing dengue by citrating blood from dengue.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	citrate
释义	citraten. Brit. /ˈsɪtreɪt/, U.S. /ˈsɪˌtreɪt/ Forms: 1700s–1800s citrat, 1700s– citrate. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French citrate. Etymology: < French citrate ( L.-B. Guyton de Morveau Mémoire sur les dénominations chimiques (1782)) < citr- (in citrique citric adj.) + -ate -ate suffix¹. Compare earlier citrated adj. and the post-classical Latin adjective cited at that entry. Chemistry. A salt or ester, or an anion, of citric acid. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > esters > [noun] > salts, esters, or anions > others citrate1788 pyrophosphate1827 paraphosphate1837 thioglycolate1877 isatogenate1882 orotate1905 hydrazoate1910 octoate1911 octanoate1945 1788 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. I. p. lxxxix Calcareous citrate is formed, which is insoluble in boiling water. 1806 R. Patterson Adams's Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. (rev. ed.) I. App. 547 Citrats—acted upon by the stronger mineral acids. 1815 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 7) II. i. xx. 202 Citrate of soda is a very soluble salt. 1886 R. C. Haldane Subtrop. Cultiv. & Climates 55 Citric Acid.—Is obtained from lemon-juice by saturating it with chalk or whiting till effervescence ceases, by which citrate of lime is formed. 1910 J. A. Murray Soils & Manures viii. 220 The reverted phosphate..is largely soluble in a neutral solution of ammonium citrate. 1948 L. E. H. Whitby Nurses' Handbk. Hygiene (ed. 8) vi. 149 Organic salts, such as tartrates and citrates, are found in fresh vegetables. 1985 Cambr. Encycl. Life Sci. i. 26/2 Citrate inhibits glycolysis at its rate-determining step, the reaction catalysed by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. 2006 Zest Jan. 43/3 (table) Check that supplements contain calcium citrate, which is better absorbed than calcium carbonate. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). citratev. Brit. /sᵻˈtreɪt/, U.S. /ˈsɪˌtreɪt/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: citrate n., citric adj., -ate suffix³. Etymology: < citr- (in citrate n., citric adj.) + -ate suffix³. Compare earlier citrated adj. Chiefly Medicine and Physiology. transitive and intransitive. To treat (a specimen of blood or other fluid) with a citrate, typically sodium citrate. Cf. citrated adj. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by medicine or drug > treat with drugs [verb (transitive)] > treat with specific drugs or medicines tartar1647 blue-pill1824 mercurialize1825 opium1825 treacle1839 tartar-emeticize1844 quinine1858 quininize1860 cinchonize1863 veratrize1891 oxalate1894 tuberculinize1897 citrate1903 strychninize1934 juice1973 1903 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 30 May 1254/2 Larger quantities of blood may be examined by citrating and employing the centrifuge. 1921 Lancet 1 Jan. 22/2 A batch of broth was taken and divided into two parts, one being kept as the control, the other portions of the remainder being citrated by the addition of..citrate of soda. 1946 Nature 6 July 24/1 The fluid was aspirated by means of a hypodermic syringe from the uterine swellings..and was citrated. 2004 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 189 447 We endeavored to secure cultures of the organism causing dengue by citrating blood from dengue. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1788v.1903
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