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单词 agenbite
释义

agenbiten.

Brit. /əˈɡɛnbʌɪt/, /ˈaɡənbʌɪt/, U.S. /əˈɡɛnˌbaɪt/, /ˈæɡənˌbaɪt/
Forms:

α. Middle English ayenbyte, 1800s ayenbite.

β. 1800s– agenbite.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: again- comb. form, bit n.1, bite n.
Etymology: Originally < again- comb. form (compare forms, and see discussion of the historical phonology, at again adv.) + either bit n.1 or bite n. (although the latter is apparently first attested later: see discussion at both entries), after post-classical Latin remorsus remorse n. The later forms all show varying degrees of remodelling or attempted modernization of the Middle English word.Currency of the word. The word occurs in the title of a work by Dan Michel (see quot. 1340), and all later uses result ultimately from this, although in more recent probably chiefly via Joyce's use of the word in Ulysses (see quot. 1922); compare the note at inwit n. 4. Pronunciation. As the word has no real modern currency except in allusion either to the Middle English word or to Joyce, its pronunciation varies greatly. In reference to Dan Michel's work (especially by philologists), the word is often pronounced /əˈjɛnbɪtə/, or /ˈʌɪənˌbɪtə/ (or sometimes with // in the third syllable). Pronunciations with medial /ɡ/ reflect various degrees of modernization, as do those with the second element pronounced identically to bite n. Occasional further variants. A form againbite, with complete modernization of both elements, is also occasionally attested from the late 19th cent., normally in the context of discussion of the existence of the Middle English word.
Chiefly literary.
Remorse.Chiefly in agenbite of inwit ‘remorse of conscience’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > regret > [noun] > remorse
pityc1330
agenbite1340
griefa1375
out-thinkinga1382
remorse of conscience (also mind)c1410
remorsea1425
regreta1540
wringing1623
remord1625
resentment1646
heart-searching1647
remordency1658
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > repentance or contrition > [noun]
reusingeOE
rueeOE
ruenessOE
bireusingc1000
penitencea1200
rutha1200
after-charc1220
again-charc1220
ruesomenessa1225
ofthinkingc1225
forthinkinga1250
repentancec1300
penancea1325
pityc1330
compunctiona1340
agenbite1340
repentingc1350
athinking1382
contritionc1386
repentaillec1390
rueinga1400
remorse of conscience (also mind)c1410
conscience?a1425
remorsea1425
penitencya1500
penitudea1538
resipiscency?c1550
penancy?1567
resipiscence1570
repent1573
brokennessa1617
remorsefulnessa1617
synteresy1616
synderesis1639
heart-searching1647
synteresis1650
remordency1658
contriteness1692
resentment1705
penitentness1727
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 1 Þis boc is dan Michelis of Northgate..þet hatte Ayenbyte of inwyt.
1866 R. Morris (title) Dan Michel's agenbite of inwyt: or, remorse of conscience, in the Kentish dialect.
1878 M. Collins & F. Collins Village Comedy II. ii. 17 That remorse, that ayenbite (to use good English), can only be felt by the spirit which has kinship to the Divinity.
1893 G. MacDonald Heather & Snow x. 64 David hesitated a little whether or not to punish him for his behavior..by allowing him to remain in ignorance of his safety, and so leaving him to the agen-bite of conscience.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses i. 16 They wash and tub and scrub. Agenbite of inwit. Conscience.
1952 D. Thomas Let. 6 Nov. in Sel. Lett. (1966) 380 ‘Put it off, put it off,’ ‘It's too late now.’.. These agenbite-deadeners did their long-night worst, but the little voice in the dark..went across Kansas.
1972 Times 17 Apr. 14 What agenbite of inwit must seize the old gentleman [sc. Muggeridge] as they lard him with make-up prior to committing him to the arms of his camera.
2003 A. Hecht in Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 29 Aug. (Features) 35 He'd have that lady's..merit..Kept secret..Insensible of inwit's agenbite.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1340
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