单词 | cistern |
释义 | cisternn. 1. An artificial reservoir for the storage of water; esp. a watertight tank in a high part of a building, whence the taps in various parts of it are supplied. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > constructed reservoir > cistern cisternessea1325 cistern1382 spurgelc1450 sestern1534 vault1552 reservoir1728 impluvium1823 well-cistern1869 feed-tank1886 the mind > possession > supply > storage > [noun] > place where anything is or may be stored > receptacle > for liquids vata1225 vessel1340 cistern1382 reservoir1686 tank1690 pressure tank1862 storage tank1897 pillow tank1951 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xxxvii. 22 Throw ȝe him into the olde sisterne, that is in wildernes. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 111 No welle is wiþinne Jerusalem, but watres i-gadred, and i-kept in cisternes. 1387 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 2 Þe sesterne þat longeþ to the stuys. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8206 Þe king abute þam was ful gern, And putt þam [sc. wands] in-til a cistern. 1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (1841) 353 Paied to a carpenter for mendynge of a systern iij.d. ?c1500 Will in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 335 Oon sestron of leed. 1536 Cockersand Chartul. (Chetham Soc.) III. ii. 1179 Item oone grete Sestrone of ledd at xx s. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xvii. sig. Eiv If your Sestourne or place be not to be seene at the Spring head. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iii. lvi. 50 The towne is stor'd of troughes and cestrens, made To keepe fresh water. 1611 Bible (King James) Jer. ii. 13 Broken cisternes . View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. vi. 13 They have Cesterns to receive the Rain-water. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 124 On the top of it is a cistern..and from this reservoir the water is distributed all over the house. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 46 The consumption of lead for..cisterns..is very extensive. 2. Applied to various large vessels for water or liquor. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > washing the hands > vessel for washing the hands (and face) washela1375 laverc1394 washing-bowl1530 washpot1535 washing-basin1538 cistern1577 lavacre1657 lavatorya1676 chillumchee1715 wash-hand basin1760 wash-dish1805 washbasin1812 wash-bowl1816 chamber set1824 toilet bowl1850 wash-pan1851 lavatory basin1854 wash sink1857 lavatory bowl1872 wash-trough1902 pedestal basin1967 pedestal washbasin1967 vanity basin1972 w.h.b.1975 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 28v My Barley is fyrst steeped in a Sestorne of water a day or two. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxv. 165 Brasen Images which Salomon made to beare vp the Cesterne of the Temple. 1744 J. Armstrong Art of preserving Health iii. 79 The gelid cistern. 1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 332 Beautiful cisterns of black and red marble with cocks for washing in. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > ornamental dish cistern1603 epergne1761 1603 Inventory 29 Mar. in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 27 One greate coppr sestourne to stand at the coobard. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 7 Sept. (1974) VIII. 424 I to see the price of a Copper Cesterne for the table, which is very pretty; and they demand 6 or 7l for one. 1695 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 563 A silver cystern, worth above £700, belonging to the princesse of Denmark, is stole from Berkley house. 1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 16 Aug. (1965) I. 253 I..wish'd even she her selfe converted into dressing plate, and a great St. Christopher I imagine'd would have look'd very well in a Cistern. 1884 Christian World 19 June 458/1 What is called a ‘cistern’ of Palissy fetched 1,050 guineas. c. A vessel or receptacle for holding a large supply of liquor. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > [noun] > large for liquor jubbec1386 hogshead1390 justc1400 keel1485 muida1492 tree1513 quarter pipe?1763 cistern1815 wood1822 ox-head1888 1815 J. Nichols Hist. Leicester i. ii. 128 An oval cistern of punch containing 50 gallons. a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxi A cistern containing a hundred and twenty gallons of punch was emptied to his Majesty's health. 3. Applied to a pond, or a natural reservoir or depression containing water. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > natural reservoir cisterna1616 costern1633 tank1678 reservoir1732 water pit1800 a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. v. 96 So halfe my Egypt were submerg'd and made A Cesterne for scal'd Snakes. View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. iv. §6 Cisterns supposed to be in the earth, especially in mountains, which may keep a stream continually running. 1717 G. Berkeley Jrnls. Trav. Italy 29 May in Wks. (1955) VII. 286 The wonderfull fountain..being in a great subterraneous grotto runs into a cistern without ever filling it. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 204 Lakes..are real reservoirs, or cisterns of water. 1858 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat (new ed.) 37 The channels from which the subterranean cistern has been supplied. 4. Applied to a cavity, or vessel in an organism; formerly esp. to the fourth ventricle of the brain. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [noun] > depression or cavity pita1275 holec1300 cella1398 den1398 follicle?a1425 purse?a1425 pocketa1450 fossac1475 cystis1543 trench1565 conceptory1576 vesike1577 vesicle1578 vault1594 socket1601 bladderet1615 cistern1615 cavern1626 ventricle1641 bladder1661 antrum1684 conceptaculum1691 capsule1693 cellule1694 loculus1694 sinus1704 vesicula1705 vesica1706 fosse1710 pouch1712 cyst1721 air chamber1725 fossula1733 alveole1739 sac1741 sacculus1749 locule1751 compartment1772 air cell1774 fossule1803 umbilicus1811 conceptacle1819 cœlia1820 utricle1822 air sac1835 saccule1836 ampulla1845 vacuole1853 scrobicule1880 faveolus1882 the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > ventricles > specific ventricles fourth ventricle1578 cistern1615 procoelia1881 Sylvian ventricle1890 thalamocœle1899 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 478 The cauity which they call the Cisterne, yea..the fourth ventricle. 1675 N. Grew Compar. Anat. Trunks ii. i. 47 The Vesiculae of the parenchyma, are as so many Cisterns of liquor. 1882 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Lumbar cistern, the Receptaculum chyli. Lymphatic cistern..the lymph sacs of the Amphibia. 5. figurative. a. simply figurative. ΚΠ 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. v. i. 132 Euerie vocation striveth with other which of them should have all the water of commoditie run into hir owne cesterne. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. iii. 64 The Cesterne of my Lust. View more context for this quotation 1622 H. Peacham Compl. Gentleman iv. 32 She that filleth the Cisterne of his lauish expence, at the Vniuersitie, or Innes of Court. a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Relig. (1709) 58 A continued stream of Corruption..from the corrupt Cistern of my Heart. 1822 W. Hazlitt Men & Manners (1869) 2nd Ser. viii. 167 Our universities are, in a great measure, become cisterns to hold, not conduits to disperse knowledge. b. poetical extensions. ΚΠ 1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. F3 How can Aga weepe?.. Wanting the watry cesternes of his eyes? a1625 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Two Noble Kinsmen (1634) v. i. 46 Makes the Campe, a Cestron Brymd with the blood of men. View more context for this quotation 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island vi. xliv. 75 Neptunes cestern sucks in tribute tides. 1743 E. Young Complaint: Night the Fifth 33 Our Funeral Tears, from different Causes, rise. As if, from separate Cisterns in the Soul..They flow. 6. technical in various senses, as in Malting, the water-tank in which grain is soaked; in barometers, etc., the mercury-cup; in steam-engines (see quot. 1849); in Mining, a tank in the mine-shaft into which a pump delivers water for another pump to raise; in Glass-making = cuvette n.1 3; etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > malting > [noun] > steeping grain > vessel for cistern1702 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > study or science of weather > meteorological instruments > [noun] > barometer > parts of mercury1660 receiver1682 register plate1688 weather-plate1698 cistern1702 stagnum1705 1702 Royal Proclm. 8 Mar. in London Gaz. No. 3790/4 Every Cistern..or other Vessel..made use of for the Wetting or Steeping of Corn. 1708 Phillips's New World of Words Cistern..Among Confectioners, a portable Instrument in form of a Box, into which Jellies, Creams, etc. are put in order to be Iced. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Barometer Pendant Barometer..has no Vessel or Cistern. 1849 J. Weale Rudim. Dict. Terms Archit. i. 102/2 Cistern, in the steam engine, the vessel which surrounds the condenser, and contains the injection water. 1860 Adm. Fitz-Roy in Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 358 The cistern of a barometer. 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cistern. Compounds C1. General attributive. cistern-bottom n. ΚΠ 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 112 Altar stones..turned..to a cestron bottom. cistern-cock n. cistern-filter n. cistern-water n. cistern-well n. cistern-wheel n. ΚΠ 1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 146 Asses..That tread the circuit of the cistern wheel. C2. cistern-barometer n. a barometer whose tube is immersed in a cup of mercury. cistern-pump n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cistern-pump, a small pump..for pumping water from the moderate depth of a cistern. cistern-work n. masonry consisting of stones extending the entire thickness of the wall. ΚΠ 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 156 Two Conduits..built with well chisseled Stone, in staunch Cistern Work. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cisternv. Now rare. transitive. To enclose in, or fit with, a cistern. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] > in or as in other specific receptacle or enclosure casea1525 to case up1566 chamber1568 bag1570 embower1580 cistern1587 bower1599 casket1603 entemple1603 immould1610 incavern1611 incave1615 chest1616 enchest1632 intrunk1633 labyrinth1637 caverna1640 cabinetc1642 ark1644 to box in1745 lantern1789 cauldron1791 cave1816 pocket1833 castle1871 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1354/1 The conducting of Thames water, cesterning the same in lead, [etc.]. 1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 210 This Conduite..was conueyed..to this place in the Citie,..it was castellated with stone and cesterned in leade. 1881 D. G. Rossetti Ballads & Sonnets 223 Cisterned in Pride, verse is the feathery jet Of soulless air-flung fountains. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1382v.1587 |
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