choppingn.1
/ˈtʃɒpɪŋ/ 1.
a. The action of chop v.1, in various senses.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > quarrel or quarrelling > [noun]
sakea1000
chestc1000
pleac1275
threapa1300
noisec1300
checkc1330
debate1340
chopping1377
controversyc1384
briguea1398
tuilyieing1444
quarrellingc1460
lite1493
frayinga1500
falling out1539
square1545
overthwarting1552
mutiny1567
squaring1579
debatement1590
swaggeringa1596
quarrel1605
simultation1605
warbling1632
barrating1635
throwing1897
the world > space > relative position > condition or fact of being interjacent > [noun] > action of placing between
interposition1412
object1526
objectionc1550
interplacing1567
interjecture1578
interlarding1581
interjecting1583
chopping1587
interjection1598
interpose1610
interlocation1611
interposal1625
intermission1628
interposure1628
intercalation1649
interposing1657
interpolation1849
sandwiching1877
intrapolation1956
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [noun]
breachOE
breakingc975
brusure1382
breaka1400
crasure1413
chininga1420
bursting1487
bruisinga1500
fraction?a1560
chinking1565
springingc1595
infraction1623
disruption1646
abruption1654
diruption1656
chapping1669
chopping1669
fracturea1676
rumple1746
breakage1775
disrupture1785
fracturing1830
disruptment1834
snapping1891
fractionation1926
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun]
section1559
dissection1611
secturea1643
chopping1725
severization1849
sectioning1887
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. ix. 167 Many a peire..In ialousye ioyeles and ianglyng on bedde Haue þei no children but cheste and choppyng hem bitwene.
1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. xi. 47/1, in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I The sensible chopping in of three or foure tides in one naturall daie.
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) vii. 123 Clay well tempered with Horse-dung to keep the same from chopping.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 166 Chopping of Blocks.
b. with adverb.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > cutting > [noun]
bita1000
kerfc1000
slittingc1175
carving?c1225
chop1362
cuttinga1398
hacking1398
scissure?a1425
garsingc1440
racing?a1450
incision1474
secting1507
raze1530
chopping1548
scotching1551
hackling1564
slashing1596
carbonadoing1599
kinsing1599
insection1653
secation1656
scission1676
gash1694
inciding1694
haggling1761
cut1808
shear1809
carve1888
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Acts 46 a In chopping of Iohns head.
1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. I. ii. x. sig. P.v/1 An adultresse, at the chopping off of whose head seuen strakes were giuen.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. iii. iv. 265 Nothing so terrifide the barbarous, as the chopping off their hãds.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > cut
carfa1000
seamc1400
slapc1480
gap?a1500
gash1528
cut1530
scarification?1541
chopping1558
slash1580
slaughter1592
snip1600
hacka1610
sluice1648
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > a piece cut off
cutting1382
culponc1400
clipping1461
chop?1463
shearing1536
sharing?1553
chopping1558
snip1558
share1590
snipping1611
offcut1663
snippet1664
kerf1678
1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iv. sig. L.ijv Could I not of Ascanius chopping [have] made? and dresse for meate His flesh?
1585 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Health (new ed.) sig. R iij Englishe Galangale healethe the choppynges & depe woundes.
1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxxi. 122 The choppings they make of them.
3. Short and abrupt motion, of the sea, waves, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > movement of waves > [noun] > chopping
chopping1633
1633 T. James Strange Voy. 25 The Anker hitcht againe, and vpon the chopping of a Sea, threw the men from the Capstang.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 196 A Rippling or Chopping of the Waves.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
chopping-board n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > work-benches, seats, etc. > [noun] > block > for chopping on
hagstock1402
hackstock1411
hacking stock1542
chopping-board1675
chopping-block1680
hacking-block1688
hack-log1822
hag-block1822
hag clog1822
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > board
chopping-board1856
1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses 210 A chopping-board was near him.
1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. xxxiv. 300 A medley of..chopping-boards, rolling-pins, and pie-crust.
chopping-machine n.
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1882 Mrs. H. Reeve Cookery & Housek. (ed. 2) iv. 19 The chopping-machine..should be freed from all particles adhering after use.
chopping-tool n.
C2.
chopping-bee n. North American a ‘bee’ for the cutting down of timber.
ΚΠ
1809 Massachusetts Spy 12 July At Bristol (Ver.), June 7, at a chopping-bee, a limb of one of the falling trees struck one of the men.
1868 Western Mag. Jan. (De Vere) The inhabitants within a radius of ten miles were invited to a chopping-bee.
1890 Regina (Sask.) Jrnl. 18 Dec. 1/2 Come to the chopping bee and bring your axe.
chopping-block n. a block or board used for chopping food, etc.; also transferred (colloquial), e.g. applied to a boxer who sustains steady punishment.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > work-benches, seats, etc. > [noun] > block > for chopping on
hagstock1402
hackstock1411
hacking stock1542
chopping-board1675
chopping-block1680
hacking-block1688
hack-log1822
hag-block1822
hag clog1822
1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xii. 204 The Chopping-Block is..made of a piece of Elm-Tree.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 388 The Chopping-block is used for reducing bricks to any required form by means of the axe.
1865 P. H. Gosse Land & Sea (1874) 118 A thrush's chopping-block..birds of this family feed largely on snails, and..carry their prey to some selected stone, against which they hammer.
1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) vi. 31 We found them just kept chopping-blocks of their commanders' viler passions.
1928 Daily Express 10 Aug. 15/6 The New Zealander was outclassed by the champion, and in the last three rounds was only a chopping block, but game to the last.
1930 Times Lit. Suppl. 29 May 455/1 Xenophon's ‘Anabasis’, made a chopping-block for generations of schoolboys.
1960 ‘B. Mather’ Pass beyond Kashmir v. 74 That got him nowhere except as a chopping block for four of them working in shifts.
chopping-horse n. (see quot.)
ΚΠ
1920 J. M. Hunter Trail Drivers of Texas 297 The specially trained horses used [to cut out cattle] are called..chopping horses.
chopping-knife n. (a) a cleaver for cutting up, a chopper; (b) a knife with a handle at each end, for mincing meat, suet, etc.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > cleaver
chopping-knife1552
cleaver1580
chopper1818
meat-axe1834
mezzaluna1954
society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > axe > [noun] > chopper or cleaver
hack1333
hackera1398
chopping-knife1552
clavestock1580
cleaver1580
sax1669
chopper1818
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > knife
dressing knife1362
trencher-knife1392
bread knife1432
kitchen knife1433
dresser knifea1450
carving-knifea1475
sticking knife1495
chipper1508
chipping knife1526
butcher's knife1557
striking knife1578
mincing knife1586
cook's knife1599
oyster knife1637
randing knife1725
stick knife1819
chopping-knife1837
carver1839
butch knife1845
fish-carver1855
fruit-knife1855
rimmer1876
throating knife1879
steak knife1895
paring knife1908
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bochers axe, or Choppynge knyfe.
1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) ii. xi. 181 They also have..a Chopping knife, to cut off the Rope.
1837 N. Whittock et al. Compl. Bk. Trades (1842) 81 The meat is cut small with a chopping-knife.
chopping-note n. (see quot.)
ΚΠ
1886 Appletons' Ann. Cycl. 1885 87 The chopping-note [of the nightingale] is a low-pitched and abrupt note, sounding like ‘chop, chop’, uttered several times in quick succession.
chopping-stick n. (see chapping stick at chapping n. 2).
ΚΠ
1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem i. 69 It is the simplest of all tricks To suffer fools have Choping sticks.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
choppingn.2
/ˈtʃɒpɪŋ/ 1.
a. Exchanging one thing for another.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > barter > [noun]
formanginga1300
nifferc1400
barteringc1440
roring1440
commutation1496
scorsing1509
chopping and changing1548
exchange1553
truck1553
block1568
bartery1570
chopping1581
scorse1590
barter1592
trucking1594
swap1625
truckage1641
truck trade1740
handling1850
the world > time > change > exchange > [noun]
change?c1225
changingc1350
interchangingc1374
exchangec1384
permutationa1398
commutation1496
achange1530
chopping and changing1548
interchange1548
exchanging1553
promutation1560
intercourse1576
counterchange1579
chopping1581
counter-cambio?1592
interchangementa1616
commerce1631
swapping1695
barter1819
counterchanging1881
switching1904
va-et-vient1919
switch-around1981
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 340 b I know not what crooked & crabbed conveyaunce, and choppyng of matters together.
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 209 As for the Chopping of Bargaines, when a Man Buies, not to Hold, but to Sell over againe.
1668 R. L'Estrange tr. F. G. de Quevedo y Villegas Visions (1708) 122 This Case is no more than Chopping of a Cold Wife for a Warm one.
b. now almost exclusively in the phrase chopping and changing.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > barter > [noun]
formanginga1300
nifferc1400
barteringc1440
roring1440
commutation1496
scorsing1509
chopping and changing1548
exchange1553
truck1553
block1568
bartery1570
chopping1581
scorse1590
barter1592
trucking1594
swap1625
truckage1641
truck trade1740
handling1850
the world > time > change > exchange > [noun]
change?c1225
changingc1350
interchangingc1374
exchangec1384
permutationa1398
commutation1496
achange1530
chopping and changing1548
interchange1548
exchanging1553
promutation1560
intercourse1576
counterchange1579
chopping1581
counter-cambio?1592
interchangementa1616
commerce1631
swapping1695
barter1819
counterchanging1881
switching1904
va-et-vient1919
switch-around1981
the world > time > change > exchange > [adjective]
chopping and changing1548
commutative1612
permutative1681
commutatorial1853
permutatorial1853
permutatory1855
the world > time > change > exchange > [noun] > instance of
achange1530
chopping and changing1548
swap1625
shuffle1641
general post1879
musical chairs1958
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke vi. f. 77 It is a choppyng and chaungyng of benefites one for another.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Fasting i, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 285 Men..crafty and subtil in chopping and changing, using false weights.
1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. B. This chopping & changing of the Religion of the land.
1666 S. Pepys Diary 25 June (1972) VII. 181 All the morning at my Tanger accounts, which the chopping and changing of my tallies make mighty troublesome.
1810 R. Southey in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) III. xvi. 275 I have no hope from chopping and changing while the materials must remain the same.
c. with plural.
ΚΠ
1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. ix. 144 While wee are thus occupied about these choppings and changings.
1880 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People IV. viii. iv. 107 Diplomacy spent its ingenuity in countless choppings and changings of the smaller territories about the Mediterranean and elsewhere.
2. chopping of logic n. bandying of arguments.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > reason, faculty of reasoning > misleading argument, sophistry > [noun]
sophistry1340
chop-logic1533
Jesuitism1613
chopping of logic1668
casuistry1712
sophism1768
special pleading1813
subtilism1825
Jesuitry1832
verbalism1847
logic-chopping1904
1668 R. L'Estrange tr. F. G. de Quevedo y Villegas Visions (1708) 4 No more chopping of Logick, good Mr. Conjurer.
1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 221 To..listen to a few Protestant logic-choppings.
Compounds
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe > one who can be bribed
ambidexter1451
briber1520
bribe-taker1549
money-takerc1616
chopping-takera1670
bribee1776
bribable1852
squarable1898
a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) i. 39 There was a chopping-taker in his family that was least suspected; but his Lordship's hands were clean.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2020).
choppingadj.1
1. Interrupted by chops or breaks; in fits and starts; not continuous; jerky; abrupt; broken.
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the world > time > frequency > infrequency > [adjective] > intermittent or irregular
chopping1483
wavering1488
interpolate1547
suspensive1575
off and on1583
remitting1583
intermissive1586
fluttering1590
aguisha1602
intermittent1603
irregular1608
broken1629
intermitting1643
serratile1707
serrine1707
scattering1709
serratic1753
now-and-then1762
remittent1791
fitful1810
non-periodic1836
spasmodic1837
startful1837
interlusory1853
heterochronic1854
heterochronous1854
between-whiles1859
snatchy1861
sporadic1861
spasmodical1864
catchy1869
pauseful1877
aperiodic1879
scratchy1881
nervy1884
spurty1894
off-again on-again1923
on-again off-again1946
on-off1949
1483 Vulgaria abs Terencio (T. Rood & T. Hunte) sig. oviiiv Lettist me so wyth thy choppynge spekynge.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. iii. 124 The chopping French we do not vnderstand. View more context for this quotation
1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket Pref. sig. A4v Let me intreat thee, not to giue my Booke the chopping censure... Do not open it at a ventures, & by reading the broken pieces of two or three lines, iudge it.
1882 J. Parker Apostolic Life (1884) III. 116 The man of one idea has a short and chopping way of speaking about other people.
1883 Great Internat. Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 46 The crew..pull a very short chopping stroke.
2. Of the sea, waves, etc.: Giving a short, jerky movement (to things floating); breaking in short, abrupt waves, the result of a strong wind blowing against a tide or current, or of a change of wind, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > state of sea > [adjective] > choppy
chapping1622
chopping1623
cockling1625
popping1661
short1663
coppling1667
lumpy1857
choppy1867
snappish1867
chopped1880
loppy1883
lopping1887
popply1889
sloppy1970
1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea ix. 18 The wind..blowing hard..caused a chapping Sea.]
1623 W. Lithgow Peregrination from Scotl. (rev. ed.) vi. 177 Wee met with two contrary chopping tides.
1633 T. James Strange Voy. 25 There went a chopping short Sea.
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxxv. 135 A stiff breeze..directly against the course of the current, made an ugly, chopping sea.
1877 D. M. Wallace Russia i. 20 The sledge..bobs up and down like a boat in a chopping sea.
1879 J. D. Long tr. Virgil Æneid v. 248 Malea's chopping waves.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
choppingadj.2
/ˈtʃɒpɪŋ/ Big and vigorous; strapping. (Originally used more generally, but later only as an epithet of a fine, healthy, strong child.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily height > tallness > [adjective] > and broad
massya1382
stout1390
burlyc1400
corporalc1475
massive1485
poisy1538
big-made1566
chopping1566
grossa1578
large-bodied1577
weighty1581
burly-boned1590
mastya1593
lumbering1593
giantisha1635
gigantic1651
mastiff1668
large-made1725
lusty1777
bowerly1794
squelching1854
beef to the heel(s)1867
hefty1867
1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Gviijv The Murex fishe from Baiæ cums..From Circes choppynge oysters newe.
1581 N. Woodes Conflict of Conscience (new ed.) sig. Hv Such chopping cheare, as we haue made, the like hath not bin seene.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Pinchellone, a chopping boy, a handsome striplin.
1613 T. Heywood Siluer Age iii. sig. F2v Alcmena is deliuered, brought to bed Of a fine chopping boy.
1701 C. Cibber Love makes Man ii. 17 What Chopping Children his Brother shall have.
1726 N. Amhurst Terræ-filius (ed. 2) I. xxvi. 151 A chopping, strapping chambermaid.
1785 E. Burke Speech Nabob Arcot's Debts in Wks. (1808) IV. 319 Six great chopping bastards, each as lusty as an infant Hercules.
1823 Monthly Rev. 102 542 She was delivered of a chopping child.
1844 T. Hood Sausage Maker's Ghost in Hood's Mag. Dec. 622 But though he had a foreman and assistant, With all the tools consistent, (Besides a wife and two fine chopping boys) His means were yet not vast enough For chopping fast enough.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
choppingadj.3
That chops.
ΚΠ
1837 Ld. Cockburn Life Jeffrey II. Lett. cxxxvii I should like to be in town in these chopping and changing times.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2020).
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n.11377n.21548adj.11483
adj.21566adj.31837