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单词 chopper
释义

choppern.1

Brit. /ˈtʃɒpə/, U.S. /ˈtʃɑpər/
Etymology: < chop v.1 + -er suffix1.
1.
a. One who chops or cuts into pieces.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun] > one who
chopper1552
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Chopper, truncator.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 (1623) ii. iv. 319 Call me Pantler, and Bread-chopper [1600 bread-chipper].
1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) ii. vii. 173 One of them cuts the soft and tough Fat into small pieces with a long Knife; this Man they call the Chopper.
1785 A. Ellicott in Life & Lett. (1908) 44 My Brother Joseph at Present runs the guide Line for the Choppers.
1860 J. G. Holland Miss Gilbert's Career ix. 146 In the yards of the quiet dwellings the sturdy chopper's axe was swung.
1875 J. G. Holland Sevenoaks i. 4 Seven huge oaks which the chopper's axe, for some reason or other had spared.
1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 199 ‘The..domestic sound’ of the wood-chopper's axe.
b. U.S. Lumber-trade. A workman who fells and lops the trees.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > lumberman
wood-hewerc1000
wooderc1050
hagger1294
wood-hagger1294
feller1422
woodman1426
faller1614
wood-maker1616
forest-feller1618
axeman1671
holt-felstera1678
stocker1686
bayman1715
logger1734
wood-cutter1758
lumberer1809
lumbermana1817
shantyman1824
chopper1827
splitter1841
bushman1846
mahogany cutter1850
piner1871
bush-faller1882
lumberjack1888
bushwhacker1898
home guard1903
Jack1910
gyppo1912
timber-getter1912
timberjack1916
timber beast1919
1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie vii. 103 What will the Yankee Choppers say?
1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 77 Fishers and choppers and ploughmen Shall constitute a state.
1880 Lumberman's Gaz. Jan. 28 A Wisconsin lumber-camp is divided into ‘choppers’, ‘sawyers’, and ‘swampers.’
c. slang. (See quot. 1865.)
ΚΠ
1865 in Pall Mall Gaz. 4 Sept. 9/2 I was glad to get it off to a ‘chopper’ at last..Dr. Letheby explained that a ‘chopper’ is the trade term for a sausage-maker.
2.
a. An instrument used for cleaving or cutting up: spec. a large-bladed short-handled axe used for cutting up meat, wood, etc.; a butcher's cleaver.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > cleaver
chopping-knife1552
cleaver1580
chopper1818
meat-axe1834
mezzaluna1954
society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > axe > [noun] > chopper or cleaver
hack1333
hackera1398
chopping-knife1552
clavestock1580
cleaver1580
sax1669
chopper1818
1818 H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. Chopper, a butcher's cleaver; a word now used more frequently than cleaver.
1844 T. B. Macaulay Barère in Edinb. Rev. Apr. 317 The long fair hair of handsome aristocrats who had died by the national chopper [sc. the guillotine].
1884 Manch. Examiner 15 Aug. 4/7 Charged..with..striking it on the head with a chopper.
b. to get the chopper (see chop n.1 4f).
Categories »
3. An agricultural implement for thinning out plants in drills. Used in Great Britain for turnips; in the United States for cotton plants. (Knight Mech. Dict. 1874.)
4. A device for interrupting an electric current, a beam of light, or radiation, at regular intervals; = interrupter n. b. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric current > flow of electricity > [noun] > device interrupting
rheotome1843
interrupter1851
chopper1929
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > polarization > [noun] > analysis of > instrument or device
Wollaston('s) prism1890
Poincaré sphere1918
spectropolarimeter1926
chopper1955
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic devices or components > [noun] > on or off device > electronic switches
clamp1947
chopper1962
1929 J. A. Ratcliffe Physical Princ. Wireless iv. 64 Such a device is called a chopper, and usually takes the form of a buzzer contact.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 160/1 Chopper, an interrupter, generally in the form of a rotating commutator.
1950 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 54 22/2 For still greater numbers..the gauges are grouped in banks of eight, scanned by a rotating chopper switch.
1955 Sci. Amer. Aug. 64/1 The chopper is a Kerr cell: a glass cell containing a liquid..which in an electric field can transform an entering beam of plane-polarized light into a ‘circularly polarized’ beam.
1962 Gloss. Terms Automatic Data Processing (B.S.I.) 103 The modulator, which is called a chopper, is often a vibrating mechanical contact or a solid-state electronic switch.
1962 J. H. Simpson & R. S. Richards Physical Princ. Junction Transistors ix. 216 Because of their excellent switching characteristics, transistors make particularly good ‘choppers’ for d.c. to a.c. conversion.
5. A machine-gun or -gunner. U.S. slang.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > machine-gun
machine-gunner1888
chopper1929
tommy-gunner1932
Sten-gunner1961
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > machine-gun
machine gun1867
woodpecker1898
put-put1905
M.G.1915
typewriter1915
chopper1929
rattlebox1929
Chicago typewriter1940
1929 Harper's Mag. Oct. 535/2 Johnny Hand..had met the ‘chopper’, i.e., machine-gun.
1931 G. Irwin Amer. Tramp & Underworld Slang 50 Chopper, a machine gun, or the man operating such a weapon with a gang of racketeers or robbers.
1932 E. Wallace When Gangs came to London viii. 65 You remember the shooting of Big Sam Polini? The choppers got him as he came out of mass one morning.
1962 I. Fleming Spy who loved Me xi. 156 There was a mixture of single shots and bursts from the chopper..sorry, sub-machine gun.
6. A helicopter. slang (originally U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > rotary wing aircraft > [noun] > helicopter or gyrocopter
helicopter1861
automotive1865
gyroplane1907
gyropter1908
gyrocopter1915
egg-beater1937
mixmaster1946
'copter1947
chopper1951
whirlybird1951
1951 N.Y. Herald Tribune 16 Dec. ii. 5/7 The Korean War has added some new words to the American soldier's vocabulary..Chopper: Helicopter.
1952 N.Y. Times Mag. 17 Aug. 16/4 Oil and gas producers use the ‘chopper’ to patrol long and rugged gas and oil pipelines.
1958 Listener 31 July 175/3 A naval helicopter or ‘chopper’ going about its flights and hoverings.
7.
a. A motorcycle built or adapted for speed and stripped of inessential parts; spec. one with raised handlebars and front-wheel fork extended forwards, originally as used by Hell's Angels. Also loosely, a motorcycle. slang (originally U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motorcycle > [noun] > with raised handlebars
chopper1965
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motorcycle > [noun]
bus1881
motor bicycle1894
motorcycle1894
autocycle1895
motorbike1895
bike1903
mo-bike1925
noddy1964
scoot1968
chop1970
chopper1985
1965 W. Murray in Sat. Evening Post 20 Nov. 37/2 The Angels reduce a machine to its essence, jamming the seats down, stripping away the chrome and extras, replacing standard parts and fittings with improvisations of their own, turning what started out as a ‘garbage wagon’ into a ‘chopper’.
1970 K. Platt Pushbutton Butterfly (1971) iv. 36 The chopper came roaring up and then I saw it [was]..an Angel..riding the big outlaw Harley 74.
1973 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 1 July 6/1 Snarling bikes or ‘choppers’, low, rakish, and tuned for speed.
1977 Economist 17 Dec. 42/2 An Evel Knievel doll on the notorious chopper motor bike.
1985 N.Y. Times 27 Apr. 9/4 Ending up at House of Choppers, a motorcycle repair shop.
b. (With capital initial.) A proprietary name for a type of child's bicycle, modelled after the design of a ‘chopper’ motorcycle.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > vehicle propelled by feet > [noun] > cycle > bicycle > other types of bicycle
forty-four1821
roadster1875
rear-steerer1882
pneumatic1890
path-racer1896
featherweight1901
free-wheeler1908
fairy cycle1920
superbike1935
sit-up-and-beg1939
bakfiets1956
high-riser1965
all-terrain cycle1970
chopper1971
mountain bike1972
shopper1973
mixte1975
BMX1978
cruiser1978
ojek1983
boda boda1995
e-bike1998
fixie2001
ghost bike2004
1971 Trade Marks Jrnl. 31 Mar. 573/1 Chopper... Bicycles, tricycles and parts included in Class 12... Raleigh Industries Limited, 177, Lenton Boulevard, Nottingham; Manufacturers.
1971 Daily Tel. 22 Oct. (Colour Suppl.) 41/3 Long handlebars are only part of the conversion that creates the so-called ‘chopper’. The forks are lengthened and their angle is changed to throw the front wheel further forward. The machines are lightened and decorated, sometimes becoming psychedelic fantasies.
1976 Bridgwater Mercury 21 Dec. 11/1 The Ladies' Auxiliary..has recently presented a chopper-bike and other gifts to Penrose School, Bridgwater.
1978 R. Watson & M. Gray Penguin Bk. Bicycle i. 36 The chopper-type bicycle or ‘high-riser’, that freak of modern design.

Draft additions October 2009

colloquial. In plural. Teeth; (also) a set of false teeth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > denture
ratelier1812
plate1845
mineral teeth1851
denture1874
tooth-plate1880
teeth-plate1897
gnasher1919
snapper1924
chopper1937
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > tooth or teeth > [noun]
teetha900
munpinsc1475
gams1508
peg1598
tusk1632
masticator1681
headrail1767
ivory1783
tombstone1809
dominos1828
dental1837
toothy-peg1840
fang1841
cruncher1859
chomper1884
teg1886
Hampstead Heath1887
pearly1914
gnasher1919
tat1919
pearly whites1935
chopper1937
1937 Ironwood (Mich.) Daily Globe 13 July 1/4 (heading) Hope they bite! Meanest thief steals false choppers from couple.
1940 A. Kober That Man is here Again 120 She gives me a very nice ‘Thank you’ and a smile—she got very lovely white choppers.
1952 G. Mandel Flee Angry Strangers 134 The choppers show up missin and I sound like a chicken's ass.
1974 D. A. Richards Coming of Winter iii. 76 ‘New choppers?’ ‘Course not... I'll never get rid of these.’ ‘Why not?’ ‘Cause these were the first teeth ever made.’
1978 J. Grenfell Stately as Galleon 43 I might as well live dangerously while I still got all me choppers.
2003 J. R. Lennon Mailman ii. vii. 347 He remembers..the family mailman in Princeton—handsome fella, big eyebrows, big white choppers.

Draft additions October 2009

slang (chiefly British). The penis.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > sex organs > male sex organs > [noun] > penis
weapona1000
tarsec1000
pintleOE
cock?c1335
pillicock?c1335
yard1379
arrowa1382
looma1400
vergea1400
instrumentc1405
fidcocka1475
privya1500
virile member (or yard)?1541
prickc1555
tool1563
pillock1568
penis1578
codpiece1584
needle1592
bauble1593
dildo1597
nag1598
virility1598
ferret1599
rubigo?a1600
Jack1604
mentula1605
virge1608
prependent1610
flute1611
other thing1628
engine1634
manhood1640
cod1650
quillity1653
rammer1653
runnion1655
pego1663
sex1664
propagator1670
membrum virile1672
nervea1680
whore-pipe1684
Roger1689
pudding1693
handle?1731
machine1749
shaft1772
jock1790
poker1811
dickyc1815
Johnny?1833
organ1833
intromittent apparatus1836
root1846
Johnson1863
Peter1870
John Henry1874
dickc1890
dingusc1890
John Thomasc1890
old fellowc1890
Aaron's rod1891
dingle-dangle1893
middle leg1896
mole1896
pisser1896
micky1898
baby-maker1902
old man1902
pecker1902
pizzle1902
willy1905
ding-dong1906
mickey1909
pencil1916
dingbatc1920
plonkerc1920
Johna1922
whangera1922
knob1922
tube1922
ding1926
pee-pee1927
prong1927
pud1927
hose1928
whang1928
dong1930
putz1934
porkc1935
wiener1935
weenie1939
length1949
tadger1949
winkle1951
dinger1953
winky1954
dork1961
virilia1962
rig1964
wee-wee1964
Percy1965
meat tool1966
chopper1967
schlong1967
swipe1967
chode1968
trouser snake1968
ding-a-ling1969
dipstick1970
tonk1970
noonies1972
salami1977
monkey1978
langer1983
wanker1987
1967 E. Partridge Dict. Slang Suppl. 1054/2 Chopper,..penis.
1977 Western Folklore 36 292 A coloured fellow walks inside a doctor's office and puts his chopper [penis] on the desk.
1994 J. Birmingham He died with Felafel in his Hand (1997) iii. 46 He stood on the bar to make the announcement and, since he was up there, flopped out his chopper for everyone to admire.
1999 A. Jackson Enough Candy vi. 165 I have just seen Alan Jackson's chopper! And I tell you, it's a whopper!
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

choppern.2

Etymology: < chop v.2 + -er suffix1.
a. One who barters or exchanges, esp. a trafficker in ecclesiastical benefices.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trader > [noun] > barterer
scorser1531
chopper1581
marter1591
barterer1611
society > faith > worship > benefice > simony > [noun] > one characterized by
simoniac1340
chop-church1391
simonient1395
Simonianc1400
simonialc1405
simoniera1425
gyesite1426
barrator1427
simoner1438
simoniacle1502
simonite1508
Balaamite1559
simonist1567
chopper1581
benefice-monger1583
church-chopper1631
chop-living1634
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 271 Bowthes of Choppers and Chaungers.
1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. ii. 28 Those symoniacall choppers and chaungers, buyers and sellers.
1656 J. Trapp Comm. 1 Pet. v. 2 Church-choppers and money-changers.
b. One who chops logic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > reason, faculty of reasoning > misleading argument, sophistry > [noun] > false reasoner, sophist
sophisterc1380
Duns man1528
chop-loge1542
dunser?1550
shifter1567
chop-logic1575
sophist1581
casuist1616
casualist1633
Jesuit1640
logicaster1683
chopper1699
special pleader1796
1699 J. Locke Reply to Bishop of Worcester's Answer to 2nd Let. 356 Such a dangerous chopper of Logick.
1875 N. Amer. Rev. 120 299 A chopper of Chinese logic.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

choppern.3

Obsolete. rare.
? A ‘chopping’ or strapping boy or child. Cf. chopping adj.2
ΚΠ
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 218 She had brought foorth two monsters..such childe-choppers, that as soone as ever they were borne, they were able to wage warre with a mighty King.
a1627 T. Middleton No Wit (1657) ii. 52 'Twould have been a jolly chopper, and 't'ad liv'd till this time.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

choppern.4

Brit. /ˈtʃɒpə/, U.S. /ˈtʃɑpər/
Forms: Also 1700s chappor, 1800s chupper.
Etymology: < Hindi chhappar thatched roof.
Anglo-Indian.
A thatched roof. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > thatched roof
chopper1780
attap1817
thatch-roof1901
1780 Lett. in Hicky Bengal Gaz. 6 May Setting fire to Houses by throwing the Tickeea of his Hooka on the Choppers.
1782 R. Price Observ. Reversionary Payments 61 They might erect their chappor huts in what part of the town they pleased.
1810 T. Williamson E. India Vade-mecum I. 510 Chuppers, or grass-thatches.
1818 M. M. Sherwood Stories Ch. Catech. (ed. 4) xxiv. 187 These cottages had neat choppers.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. ix. 164 [White ants] attracted by the lights, descend from the choppers in thousands.

Compounds

chopper-cot n. [Hindi chhappar khāt] a tent-bed.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > bed > types of bed > [noun] > canopied bed
pavilion bed1704
chopper-cot1807
tent-bedstead1839
tester-bed1843
tester-bedstead1873
1807 F. Buchanan in M. Martin Eastern India (1838) II. 92 Bedsteads..the best are called Palang, or Chaparkhat..they have curtains, mattrasses, pillows, and a sheet.
1818 M. M. Sherwood Stories Church Catech. (ed. 4) xviii. 116 A very pretty chopper cot, with curtains, and everything quite complete.

Derivatives

choppered adj. thatched.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [adjective] > type of roof
thatched1467
side?a1475
thacked1530
vaulted1552
shingleda1563
slated1611
unshingled1611
high-pitch1614
slate-pointed1648
killesed1649
hipped1663
pantiledc1672
overpitched1677
underpitched1677
low-pitcheda1684
pitched1773
theeked1792
peaked1797
shingle1810
thackless1810
choppered1818
wagon-headed1823
unlathed1854
break-back1856
shingly1857
saddleback1861
scaled1862
gambrelled1863
thatchy1864
weather-slated1870
thatchless1882
weather-tiled1887
monopitch1941
tile-roofed1962
1818 M. M. Sherwood Stories Church Catech. (ed. 4) xxii. 162 It was thatched, or, as we should call it in this country, choppered.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. ix. 141 Bungalows are mud-walled buildings, choppered, or thatched with grass.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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