aefauldadj.

Brit.

/ˈeɪfɔːld/, U.S.

/ˈeɪˌfɔld/,

/ˈeɪˌfɑld/, Scottish English

/ˈefɔl/,

/ˈefɔld/, Irish English

/ˈeːfɒːld/

Forms:

α. early Old English anfealddre (dative singular feminine), Old English aanfald (rare), Old English andfeald, Old English anwealdan (weak declension, nominative plural, transmission error), Old English–early Middle English anfeald, Old English–early Middle English anfeld, Old English (chiefly Anglian)–early Middle English (Middle English northern) anfald, late Old English anfealld, early Middle English anfealt, early Middle English anuald (south-west midlands), early Middle English (Middle English northern) anfalde, Middle English anefald (northern), Middle English anefalde (northern), Middle English anfold (northern); Scottish pre-1700 anefald, pre-1700 anefauld, pre-1700 anefaulde, pre-1700 anefold.

β. Middle English afald (northern), Middle English afold (northern), 1900s– aefauld (Irish English (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 afaild, pre-1700 afalde, pre-1700 afauld, pre-1700 afaulde, pre-1700 afavld, pre-1700 afawld, pre-1700 affald, pre-1700 affauld, pre-1700 affawald, pre-1700 affawld, pre-1700 affawlid, pre-1700 afold, pre-1700 afovld, pre-1700 aifald, pre-1700 ayfald, pre-1700 eafald, pre-1700 efald, pre-1700 efauld, pre-1700 effald, pre-1700 effauld, pre-1700 effaulde, pre-1700 efold, pre-1700 1700s– aefauld, pre-1700 1800s afald, pre-1700 1800s– aefald, 1800s aefaald, 1900s– aefaul.

γ. Scottish pre-1700 aiwfald, pre-1700 aufald, pre-1700 aufauld, pre-1700 auffald, pre-1700 avfauld, pre-1700 awfald, pre-1700 awfall, pre-1700 awfauld.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian ēnfald , Old Saxon ēnfāld (Middle Low German ēnvōlt ), Old High German einfalt (Middle High German einvalt , German †einfalt (obsolete after the 17th cent.; now superseded by the suffixed form einfältig )), Old Icelandic einfaldr , Gothic ainfalþs < the Germanic base of one adj. + the Germanic base of -fold suffix. Compare later ofold adj., onefold adj.With the β. forms compare the β. forms at one adj., n., and pron. On the γ. forms, see A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Sc. Vowels (2002) §20.9.

1. Consisting of only one part, element, or unit; single; = onefold adj. 1. Now rare (Scottish and Irish English (northern) after Middle English).In Old English also: (Grammar) (of a word) simple, uncompounded; singular (also designating grammatical number).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > only one > [adjective]

onlepyeOE

aefauldeOE

onlyOE

soleinc1369

solea1398

halea1400

seul1477

anerlyc1485

alonelya1513

allenarlya1525

singulara1555

fellowlessa1586

unfellowed1597

unique1601

lone1602

unical1605

single1633

solitarya1634

exclusive1790

one-off1934

one-of-a-kind1954

eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xxxvi. 38 Gif mon næbbe buton anfeald hrægl..& he hit to wedde selle, ær sunnan setlgonge sie hit agifen.

OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 83 Nvmervs is getel, singvlaris et plvralis anfeald oððe menigfeald; anfeald getel ys on anum: homo an mann.

OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 87 Synd twa figura: simplex, þæt is, anfeald et composita, þæt is, [gefeged]. Anfeald hiw is decens geðæslic... Gefeged hiw byð..indecens unðæslic.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11297 Tu shule tweȝȝenn menn. Wiþþ anfald name tellenn.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 25 Erðon he hefde anfalde sunne and seodðan he hauef [read hauet] twafald.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6342 Persons thre, And an-fald godd in vnite [Fairf. anfalde god in trinite, Götti. a-fold godd in vnite, Trin. Cambr. o godhede in vnite].

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xx. 618 The afald god in trinite.

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. Prol. 457 Afald godhed, ay lestyng but discrepans.

1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 11 My afald barne, and eik my onlie Air.

1875 J. Watson Samples Common Sense in Verse 98 Syne frae the wheel, an' eke the reel, The aefauld yarn was ta'en awa'.

1988 R. Vettese Richt Noise 25 And tae gie til the warl syne That rissom o aefauld experience Nae ither hais, or can hae.

2001 Belfast News Let. (Nexis) 13 Oct. 22 The ‘Sheuch’, far frae bein a mairch o culturs, wid be juist the mids o an aefauld cultur.

2. Free from duplicity; sincere, honest, faithful; plain, straightforward. Scottish after Middle English.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > sincerity, freedom from deceit > [adjective]

aefauldOE

trueOE

true as steela1300

throlya1375

entirec1380

faithfula1382

entirelyc1400

single1519

sincere1533

sincere1539

simple-minded1556

Dunstable?1565

truthful?1567

single-hearted1574

single-minded1577

sound1580

downright1584

unaffected1592

real1597

plain-hearted1601

unartificial1603

free1619

honest1634

fair and square1636

round-dealing1642

wholehearted1657

down flata1663

well-designing1670

heart-whole1684

single-eyed1705

unsanctimoniousa1797

natural1825

bona fide1827

unfallacious1827

jannock1828

forthcoming1835

up and down1836

bonified1840

forthgoing1851

unhypocritical1854

forthright1855

upstanding1863

on the level1872

genuine1890

for real1954

upfront1967

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 130 Sebastianus cwæð, Crist geceas fram frymðe hyrdas..and anfealde fisceras, and hi siððan gelærde.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 22 Gyf þin eage bið anfeald [L. simplex] eall þin lichama bið beorht.

OE Ælfric Homily (Corpus Cambr. 188) in B. Assmann Angelsächsische Homilien u. Heiligenleben (1889) 50 Ðis godspell is nu gesæd sceortlice on Englisc on anfealdum gereorde.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1537 To þeowwtenn an allmahhtiȝ godd. Wiþþ anfald rihhte laafe.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 151 Godes wei is streinðe þe anfalde monne... Iob wes anfald rihtwis Mon.

1465 in P. F. Tytler Hist. Scotl. (1864) II. 388 To stand in afald kendnes, supple, and defencs, ilk an til odir.

1477 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1842) II. 252 We sal tak ane afald pairt in al his leifful..actionis.

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. Prol. l. 159 With afald diligens.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xiii. vii. 90 Trastis weill Enee afald and kynd.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 63 Come in that tyme with anefald mynd and hart.

1609 A. Hume (title) Ane Afold Admonitioun to the Ministerie of Scotland, by a Deing Brother.

a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 353 We sall tak effald, plaine, and upright part with him.

1796 R. Gall Prol. to Jamie & Bess in Poems & Songs (1819) 92 That dauted leid, whilk Fame can weel attest, Suits honest Scotia's aefauld bairns the best.

1837 Fraser's Mag. Sept. 300/1 An aefauld downright man he has aye continued.

1927 T. McWilliam Around Fireside 29 And worshippers within I see, Aefauld an' reverent.

1986 B. Holton tr. S. Nai'an Men o the Mossflow iii, in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 20 A'm a braw lad, aefauld an unfylt.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	aefauld
释义	aefauldadj. Brit. /ˈeɪfɔːld/, U.S. /ˈeɪˌfɔld/, /ˈeɪˌfɑld/, Scottish English /ˈefɔl/, /ˈefɔld/, Irish English /ˈeːfɒːld/ Forms: α. early Old English anfealddre (dative singular feminine), Old English aanfald (rare), Old English andfeald, Old English anwealdan (weak declension, nominative plural, transmission error), Old English–early Middle English anfeald, Old English–early Middle English anfeld, Old English (chiefly Anglian)–early Middle English (Middle English northern) anfald, late Old English anfealld, early Middle English anfealt, early Middle English anuald (south-west midlands), early Middle English (Middle English northern) anfalde, Middle English anefald (northern), Middle English anefalde (northern), Middle English anfold (northern); Scottish pre-1700 anefald, pre-1700 anefauld, pre-1700 anefaulde, pre-1700 anefold. β. Middle English afald (northern), Middle English afold (northern), 1900s– aefauld (Irish English (northern)); Scottish pre-1700 afaild, pre-1700 afalde, pre-1700 afauld, pre-1700 afaulde, pre-1700 afavld, pre-1700 afawld, pre-1700 affald, pre-1700 affauld, pre-1700 affawald, pre-1700 affawld, pre-1700 affawlid, pre-1700 afold, pre-1700 afovld, pre-1700 aifald, pre-1700 ayfald, pre-1700 eafald, pre-1700 efald, pre-1700 efauld, pre-1700 effald, pre-1700 effauld, pre-1700 effaulde, pre-1700 efold, pre-1700 1700s– aefauld, pre-1700 1800s afald, pre-1700 1800s– aefald, 1800s aefaald, 1900s– aefaul. γ. Scottish pre-1700 aiwfald, pre-1700 aufald, pre-1700 aufauld, pre-1700 auffald, pre-1700 avfauld, pre-1700 awfald, pre-1700 awfall, pre-1700 awfauld. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian ēnfald , Old Saxon ēnfāld (Middle Low German ēnvōlt ), Old High German einfalt (Middle High German einvalt , German †einfalt (obsolete after the 17th cent.; now superseded by the suffixed form einfältig )), Old Icelandic einfaldr , Gothic ainfalþs < the Germanic base of one adj. + the Germanic base of -fold suffix. Compare later ofold adj., onefold adj.With the β. forms compare the β. forms at one adj., n., and pron. On the γ. forms, see A. J. Aitken & C. Macafee Older Sc. Vowels (2002) §20.9. 1. Consisting of only one part, element, or unit; single; = onefold adj. 1. Now rare (Scottish and Irish English (northern) after Middle English).In Old English also: (Grammar) (of a word) simple, uncompounded; singular (also designating grammatical number). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > only one > [adjective] onlepyeOE aefauldeOE onlyOE soleinc1369 solea1398 halea1400 seul1477 anerlyc1485 alonelya1513 allenarlya1525 singulara1555 fellowlessa1586 unfellowed1597 unique1601 lone1602 unical1605 single1633 solitarya1634 exclusive1790 one-off1934 one-of-a-kind1954 eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xxxvi. 38 Gif mon næbbe buton anfeald hrægl..& he hit to wedde selle, ær sunnan setlgonge sie hit agifen. OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 83 Nvmervs is getel, singvlaris et plvralis anfeald oððe menigfeald; anfeald getel ys on anum: homo an mann. OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 87 Synd twa figura: simplex, þæt is, anfeald et composita, þæt is, [gefeged]. Anfeald hiw is decens geðæslic... Gefeged hiw byð..indecens unðæslic. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11297 Tu shule tweȝȝenn menn. Wiþþ anfald name tellenn. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 25 Erðon he hefde anfalde sunne and seodðan he hauef [read hauet] twafald. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6342 Persons thre, And an-fald godd in vnite [Fairf. anfalde god in trinite, Götti. a-fold godd in vnite, Trin. Cambr. o godhede in vnite]. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xx. 618 The afald god in trinite. a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) i. Prol. 457 Afald godhed, ay lestyng but discrepans. 1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 11 My afald barne, and eik my onlie Air. 1875 J. Watson Samples Common Sense in Verse 98 Syne frae the wheel, an' eke the reel, The aefauld yarn was ta'en awa'. 1988 R. Vettese Richt Noise 25 And tae gie til the warl syne That rissom o aefauld experience Nae ither hais, or can hae. 2001 Belfast News Let. (Nexis) 13 Oct. 22 The ‘Sheuch’, far frae bein a mairch o culturs, wid be juist the mids o an aefauld cultur. 2. Free from duplicity; sincere, honest, faithful; plain, straightforward. Scottish after Middle English. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > sincerity, freedom from deceit > [adjective] aefauldOE trueOE true as steela1300 throlya1375 entirec1380 faithfula1382 entirelyc1400 single1519 sincere1533 sincere1539 simple-minded1556 Dunstable?1565 truthful?1567 single-hearted1574 single-minded1577 sound1580 downright1584 unaffected1592 real1597 plain-hearted1601 unartificial1603 free1619 honest1634 fair and square1636 round-dealing1642 wholehearted1657 down flata1663 well-designing1670 heart-whole1684 single-eyed1705 unsanctimoniousa1797 natural1825 bona fide1827 unfallacious1827 jannock1828 forthcoming1835 up and down1836 bonified1840 forthgoing1851 unhypocritical1854 forthright1855 upstanding1863 on the level1872 genuine1890 for real1954 upfront1967 OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 130 Sebastianus cwæð, Crist geceas fram frymðe hyrdas..and anfealde fisceras, and hi siððan gelærde. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 22 Gyf þin eage bið anfeald [L. simplex] eall þin lichama bið beorht. OE Ælfric Homily (Corpus Cambr. 188) in B. Assmann Angelsächsische Homilien u. Heiligenleben (1889) 50 Ðis godspell is nu gesæd sceortlice on Englisc on anfealdum gereorde. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 1537 To þeowwtenn an allmahhtiȝ godd. Wiþþ anfald rihhte laafe. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 151 Godes wei is streinðe þe anfalde monne... Iob wes anfald rihtwis Mon. 1465 in P. F. Tytler Hist. Scotl. (1864) II. 388 To stand in afald kendnes, supple, and defencs, ilk an til odir. 1477 in J. Stuart Misc. Spalding Club (1842) II. 252 We sal tak ane afald pairt in al his leifful..actionis. a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. Prol. l. 159 With afald diligens. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xiii. vii. 90 Trastis weill Enee afald and kynd. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 63 Come in that tyme with anefald mynd and hart. 1609 A. Hume (title) Ane Afold Admonitioun to the Ministerie of Scotland, by a Deing Brother. a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 353 We sall tak effald, plaine, and upright part with him. 1796 R. Gall Prol. to Jamie & Bess in Poems & Songs (1819) 92 That dauted leid, whilk Fame can weel attest, Suits honest Scotia's aefauld bairns the best. 1837 Fraser's Mag. Sept. 300/1 An aefauld downright man he has aye continued. 1927 T. McWilliam Around Fireside 29 And worshippers within I see, Aefauld an' reverent. 1986 B. Holton tr. S. Nai'an Men o the Mossflow iii, in Edinb. Rev. Aug. 20 A'm a braw lad, aefauld an unfylt. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.eOE
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