chirographn.

/ˈkʌɪərə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/

/ˈkʌɪərə(ʊ)ɡraf/

Forms: Also Middle English cirographe, 1600s chyro-.

Etymology: < French chirographe, < Latin chīrographum, chīrographus, < Greek χειρόγραϕον, χειρόγραϕος (that which is) written with the hand, < χειρο- hand- + -γραϕος writing, written. It became a technical word in later Latin (compare Gaius iii. 134); its complete naturalization is shown by the prevalence of the form cirographum, whence Old French and English forms in ciro-, cyro-.

1. Applied technically to various documents formally written, engrossed, or signed.

a. An indenture; = charter-party n. 1; a deed of conveyance of land so indented. Obsolete exc. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > charter or deed conveying property > [noun]

releasea1393

conveyance1576

pancart1577

panchart1587

assignment1592

common assurances1648

chirograph1727

transport brief1895

transport deed1895

c1280 Charta Edw. I in Rotul. Scot. i. 1 (Du Cange) Que vous voudrez liverer par Cyrographe endenté entre vous e li.]

1727 Cowel's Interpr. (augmented) Anciently, when they made a Chirograph or Deed, which required a Counter-part, as we call it, they engrossed it twice upon one Piece of Parchment contrary-wise, leaving a Space between, in which they wrote in great Letters, the word Chirograph; and then cut the Parchment in two, sometimes even, sometimes with Indenture, thro' the Midst of the Word.

1737 R. Gale in Philos. Trans. 1735–6 (Royal Soc.) 39 212 This Marble..exhibiting a compleat Formula of a Chirograph, or Conveyance of one Part of a Burying-Place from one Family to another.

b. The indenture of a fine; one of the counter-parts of such indenture.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > charter or deed conveying property > [noun] > charter or deed conveying land > (part of) indenture of a fine

foot of a fine1581

chirograph1671

1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 556 The said Gundreda had a Fine levied unto her..and thereof produced the Chirograph.

1681 London Gaz. No. 1633/4 Notice, that whereas divers Fines that were lost or burnt in the late Fire in the Temple, remain uningrossed for want of bringing in the Chyrograps, or exemplifications thereof.

1808 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius II. xviii. 658 The chirograph of a fine is evidence of such fine; because the chirographer is appointed to give out copies of the agreements between the parties.

1865 F. M. Nichols tr. Britton II. 356 All general attorneys may levy fines and make chirographs.

c. An obligation or bond given in one's own handwriting.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > bond or recognizance > [noun] > bond in own hand or under own seal

sealc1380

chirograph1483

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > in person's own hand

chirograph1483

autograph1605

holograph1623

idiograph1623

autograph letter1769

AL1868

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 17/1 This dette here [i.e. Col. ii. 14] thapostle calleth Cirographe or oblygacion.

1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 291 The divel casting in the chirograph, he was publiquely received into the bosome of the Church.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Chirograph, a sign Manual, a Bill of ones hand, an Obligation or hand-writing.

d. One of three forms in which the will of the Papal See is expressed in writing.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > papal documents > [noun] > chirograph

chirograph1528

1528 State Lett. in Burnet Hist. Ref. ii Records xxii, That..by a new Chirograph, the Popes Holiness may be so astringed.

1823 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 197 A new chirograph of pollicitation.

1864 Daily Rev. 24 May The Chirograph is frequently in Italian, and..is considered as a private act of the Pontiff.

1868 Cartwright in News of World 29 Mar. A third form of Papal expression in writing, called a Chirograph..It appears indeed to have no binding force except what it may derive from personal respect for its author, and resembles in authority somewhat the minutes which at times are drawn up in our offices, or the peculiar expression of Royal wishes formerly in use in Prussia, and termed Cabinets-ordre.

2. gen.

a. Any formal written document; a charter.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal document > [noun]

writlOE

charterc1270

writingc1384

paper1389

monument1405

instrument1426

cartec1449

chart1616

diploma1645

diplome1669

expedition1685

law-writings1701

chirograph1844

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > piece or quantity of

i-writeOE

writlOE

hand-writc1175

scritec1325

scripta1350

writingc1384

letterc1390

write1428

briefa1450

titlec1450

scroll1534

escript1550

passagec1550

hand write1567

side1579

scrieve1581

manuscript1600

sheetful1711

page1743

slateful1836

chirograph1844

pageful1859

M1899

1844 S. R. Maitland Dark Ages 255 Our most beautiful chirographs, written in the Roman character.

b. Handwriting. (unusual.)

ΚΠ

1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Chirograph, hand writing.

Derivatives

chiˈrographal adj. = chirographary adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > bond or recognizance > [adjective] > in own hand

chirographal1694

chirographary1875

1694 P. Falle Acct. Isle of Jersey iv. 111 Few of the Debts are Chyrographal, i.e. upon Bond.

chiˈrographary adj. [ < Latin chīrographārius] related to or given in one's own handwriting; chirographary creditor, one who holds an acknowledgement of debt in the debtor's handwriting.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > bond or recognizance > [adjective] > in own hand

chirographal1694

chirographary1875

1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) iii. 352 Privileged chirographary creditors.

chiˈrographate v. to set one's hand to, sign.

ΚΠ

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. ii To Write his name to a Band or so, Chirographate.

chiroˈgraphic adj. of, pertaining to, or in handwriting.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > [adjective]

manuscript1597

chirographic1885

hand-lettered1886

1885 D. Beveridge Culross & Tulliallan II. xv. 7 Interesting relics..monumental and chirographic.

chiroˈgraphical adj.

ΚΠ

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Chirographical, writing, a writing of ones owne hand.

chiˈrographist n. a professor of chirography (used by Pope for chirognomist or chirologist).

ΚΠ

1741 Mem. Martinus Scriblerus iii. 13 in A. Pope Wks. II Let the Chirographists behold his Palm.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Chirographist. This word is used [in the prec. passage] I think improperly, for one that tells fortunes, by examining the hand: the true word is chirosophist, or chiromancer.

chirographoˈsophic adj. skilled in, or a judge of handwriting.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke II. iii. 38 ‘But what sort of handwriting was it?’.. ‘Ou, then—aiblins a man's, aiblins a maid's: he was na chirographosophic himsel'.’

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	chirograph
释义	chirographn. /ˈkʌɪərə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf//ˈkʌɪərə(ʊ)ɡraf/ Forms: Also Middle English cirographe, 1600s chyro-. Etymology: < French chirographe, < Latin chīrographum, chīrographus, < Greek χειρόγραϕον, χειρόγραϕος (that which is) written with the hand, < χειρο- hand- + -γραϕος writing, written. It became a technical word in later Latin (compare Gaius iii. 134); its complete naturalization is shown by the prevalence of the form cirographum, whence Old French and English forms in ciro-, cyro-. 1. Applied technically to various documents formally written, engrossed, or signed. a. An indenture; = charter-party n. 1; a deed of conveyance of land so indented. Obsolete exc. Historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > charter or deed conveying property > [noun] releasea1393 conveyance1576 pancart1577 panchart1587 assignment1592 common assurances1648 chirograph1727 transport brief1895 transport deed1895 c1280 Charta Edw. I in Rotul. Scot. i. 1 (Du Cange) Que vous voudrez liverer par Cyrographe endenté entre vous e li.] 1727 Cowel's Interpr. (augmented) Anciently, when they made a Chirograph or Deed, which required a Counter-part, as we call it, they engrossed it twice upon one Piece of Parchment contrary-wise, leaving a Space between, in which they wrote in great Letters, the word Chirograph; and then cut the Parchment in two, sometimes even, sometimes with Indenture, thro' the Midst of the Word. 1737 R. Gale in Philos. Trans. 1735–6 (Royal Soc.) 39 212 This Marble..exhibiting a compleat Formula of a Chirograph, or Conveyance of one Part of a Burying-Place from one Family to another. b. The indenture of a fine; one of the counter-parts of such indenture. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > charter or deed conveying property > [noun] > charter or deed conveying land > (part of) indenture of a fine foot of a fine1581 chirograph1671 1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 556 The said Gundreda had a Fine levied unto her..and thereof produced the Chirograph. 1681 London Gaz. No. 1633/4 Notice, that whereas divers Fines that were lost or burnt in the late Fire in the Temple, remain uningrossed for want of bringing in the Chyrograps, or exemplifications thereof. 1808 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius II. xviii. 658 The chirograph of a fine is evidence of such fine; because the chirographer is appointed to give out copies of the agreements between the parties. 1865 F. M. Nichols tr. Britton II. 356 All general attorneys may levy fines and make chirographs. c. An obligation or bond given in one's own handwriting. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > bond or recognizance > [noun] > bond in own hand or under own seal sealc1380 chirograph1483 society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > in person's own hand chirograph1483 autograph1605 holograph1623 idiograph1623 autograph letter1769 AL1868 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 17/1 This dette here [i.e. Col. ii. 14] thapostle calleth Cirographe or oblygacion. 1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 291 The divel casting in the chirograph, he was publiquely received into the bosome of the Church. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Chirograph, a sign Manual, a Bill of ones hand, an Obligation or hand-writing. d. One of three forms in which the will of the Papal See is expressed in writing. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > papal documents > [noun] > chirograph chirograph1528 1528 State Lett. in Burnet Hist. Ref. ii Records xxii, That..by a new Chirograph, the Popes Holiness may be so astringed. 1823 J. Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 197 A new chirograph of pollicitation. 1864 Daily Rev. 24 May The Chirograph is frequently in Italian, and..is considered as a private act of the Pontiff. 1868 Cartwright in News of World 29 Mar. A third form of Papal expression in writing, called a Chirograph..It appears indeed to have no binding force except what it may derive from personal respect for its author, and resembles in authority somewhat the minutes which at times are drawn up in our offices, or the peculiar expression of Royal wishes formerly in use in Prussia, and termed Cabinets-ordre. 2. gen. a. Any formal written document; a charter. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal document > [noun] writlOE charterc1270 writingc1384 paper1389 monument1405 instrument1426 cartec1449 chart1616 diploma1645 diplome1669 expedition1685 law-writings1701 chirograph1844 society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > piece or quantity of i-writeOE writlOE hand-writc1175 scritec1325 scripta1350 writingc1384 letterc1390 write1428 briefa1450 titlec1450 scroll1534 escript1550 passagec1550 hand write1567 side1579 scrieve1581 manuscript1600 sheetful1711 page1743 slateful1836 chirograph1844 pageful1859 M1899 1844 S. R. Maitland Dark Ages 255 Our most beautiful chirographs, written in the Roman character. b. Handwriting. (unusual.) ΚΠ 1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Chirograph, hand writing. Derivatives chiˈrographal adj. = chirographary adj. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > bond or recognizance > [adjective] > in own hand chirographal1694 chirographary1875 1694 P. Falle Acct. Isle of Jersey iv. 111 Few of the Debts are Chyrographal, i.e. upon Bond. chiˈrographary adj. [ < Latin chīrographārius] related to or given in one's own handwriting; chirographary creditor, one who holds an acknowledgement of debt in the debtor's handwriting. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > bond or recognizance > [adjective] > in own hand chirographal1694 chirographary1875 1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) iii. 352 Privileged chirographary creditors. chiˈrographate v. to set one's hand to, sign. ΚΠ 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. ii To Write his name to a Band or so, Chirographate. chiroˈgraphic adj. of, pertaining to, or in handwriting. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > [adjective] manuscript1597 chirographic1885 hand-lettered1886 1885 D. Beveridge Culross & Tulliallan II. xv. 7 Interesting relics..monumental and chirographic. chiroˈgraphical adj. ΚΠ 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Chirographical, writing, a writing of ones owne hand. chiˈrographist n. a professor of chirography (used by Pope for chirognomist or chirologist). ΚΠ 1741 Mem. Martinus Scriblerus iii. 13 in A. Pope Wks. II Let the Chirographists behold his Palm. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Chirographist. This word is used [in the prec. passage] I think improperly, for one that tells fortunes, by examining the hand: the true word is chirosophist, or chiromancer. chirographoˈsophic adj. skilled in, or a judge of handwriting.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke II. iii. 38 ‘But what sort of handwriting was it?’.. ‘Ou, then—aiblins a man's, aiblins a maid's: he was na chirographosophic himsel'.’ This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1483
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