-anesuffix¹

Primary stress is attracted to the suffix.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: -an suffix.

Etymology: Originally a variant of -an suffix, subsequently used to mark a semantic distinction in such pairs as e.g. urban adj. and urbane adj., human adj. and humane adj. Compare classical Latin -ānus and Anglo-Norman and Middle French -ain (see -an suffix), and also classical Latin -āneus -aneous suffix.In English -ane appears as a variant of -an suffix from the 16th cent.; such forms are also occasionally attested earlier in borrowings from French and Latin that now end in -an (typically in nouns, e.g. Roman n.¹, publican n.¹, physician n.). In a smaller number of borrowings (typically originally adjectives) the variant ending in -ane became the usual form of the word (with the stress on the suffix). The earliest of these came wholly or partly from French (from adjectives ending in -ain ; compare germane adj., transmontane adj., and mundane adj.). Most later examples are directly from Latin, from adjectives ending in either -ānus or -āneus , e.g. subitane adj., Mediterrane adj., or later arcane adj., momentane adj. As a result, there was some alternation between -an and -ane in the early modern period, allowing occasional semantic split between these types, as in urban adj. and urbane adj., or human adj. and humane adj. (compare the discussion at human adj.). In the 16th cent. occasional English formations with -ane suffix¹ combining with a Latin first element are found (papane adj., saxeane adj.), apparently formed in parallel (and by analogy) with other words ending in -ane.

Forming adjectives with the sense ‘of or relating to (that which is denoted by the first element)’, and corresponding nouns; = -an suffix 1a.Used chiefly to distinguish semantically distinct words which have a parallel form in -an suffix, as in humane adj., urbane adj., etc.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020).

-anesuffix²

Primary stress is either retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element (see e.g. pentadecane n.) or is attracted to the syllable immediately preceding the suffix (see e.g. adamantane n.).

Origin: Apparently an arbitrary formation.

Etymology: Apparently an arbitrary formation, perhaps after -ine suffix⁵ and also (in sense 2) -ene comb. form.In sense 1, suggested as an element to form names for compounds of chlorine (still called ‘oxymuriatic gas’ in quot. 1811) in the same paper which also introduces the word chlorine n. (formed regularly with -ine suffix⁵; compare quot. 1810 at that entry). Compare also -an suffix 2. Current sense. In sense 2 after German -an (A. W. Hofmann 1866, in Monatsbericht der Königl. Preuss. Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1865 653, translated by the author in quot. 1867). In this passage, Hofmann proposes a series of five such suffixes, one with each vowel (German -an , -en , -in , -on , -un ), and the systematic application of these to specific types of hydrocarbons, or their analogues. Of these (and their English equivalents), only -an -ane suffix², -en -ene comb. form, and -in -ine suffix⁵ were adopted by others. As influences on his nomenclature, Hofmann cites (in the same paper) A. Laurent (compare -ene comb. form) and C. Gerhard (compare discussion at -ol suffix and -one suffix).

Chemistry.

†1. In nomenclature proposed by Humphry Davy: forming names of chlorides of metals and other elements, as in antimonane, argentane, ferrane, potassane, etc. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1811 H. Davy in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 101 33 I venture to propose for the compounds of oxymuriatic gas and inflammable matter, the name of their bases, with the termination ane. Thus argentane may signify horn-silver; stannane, Libavius's liquor; antimonane, butter of antimony; sulphurane, Dr. Thomson's sulphuretted liquor; and so on for the rest.

2. In the systematic nomenclature introduced by A. W. Hofmann: forming the names of saturated hydrocarbons of composition C_nH_{2n + 2}, as in methane CH₄, ethane C₂H₆, propane C₃H₈, pentane C₅H₁₂, etc. In later use also forming names of other hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms (cf. alkane n.), as in adamantane, bornane, oestrane, etc., and of compounds of hydrogen with other elements, as in borane, plumbane, silane, etc.

ΚΠ

1867 A. W. Hofmann in Proc. Royal Soc. 1866–7 15 57 All the members of this series I make terminate in ane... According to this principle the following names are formed: Methane, (C H₄)⁰. Ethane, (C₂ H₆)⁰. Propane, (C₃ H₈)⁰. Quartane, (C₄ H₁₀)⁰ [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020).

单词	-ane
释义	-anesuffix¹ Primary stress is attracted to the suffix. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: -an suffix. Etymology: Originally a variant of -an suffix, subsequently used to mark a semantic distinction in such pairs as e.g. urban adj. and urbane adj., human adj. and humane adj. Compare classical Latin -ānus and Anglo-Norman and Middle French -ain (see -an suffix), and also classical Latin -āneus -aneous suffix.In English -ane appears as a variant of -an suffix from the 16th cent.; such forms are also occasionally attested earlier in borrowings from French and Latin that now end in -an (typically in nouns, e.g. Roman n.¹, publican n.¹, physician n.). In a smaller number of borrowings (typically originally adjectives) the variant ending in -ane became the usual form of the word (with the stress on the suffix). The earliest of these came wholly or partly from French (from adjectives ending in -ain ; compare germane adj., transmontane adj., and mundane adj.). Most later examples are directly from Latin, from adjectives ending in either -ānus or -āneus , e.g. subitane adj., Mediterrane adj., or later arcane adj., momentane adj. As a result, there was some alternation between -an and -ane in the early modern period, allowing occasional semantic split between these types, as in urban adj. and urbane adj., or human adj. and humane adj. (compare the discussion at human adj.). In the 16th cent. occasional English formations with -ane suffix¹ combining with a Latin first element are found (papane adj., saxeane adj.), apparently formed in parallel (and by analogy) with other words ending in -ane. Forming adjectives with the sense ‘of or relating to (that which is denoted by the first element)’, and corresponding nouns; = -an suffix 1a.Used chiefly to distinguish semantically distinct words which have a parallel form in -an suffix, as in humane adj., urbane adj., etc. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020). -anesuffix² Primary stress is either retained by the usual stressed syllable of the preceding element (see e.g. pentadecane n.) or is attracted to the syllable immediately preceding the suffix (see e.g. adamantane n.). Origin: Apparently an arbitrary formation. Etymology: Apparently an arbitrary formation, perhaps after -ine suffix⁵ and also (in sense 2) -ene comb. form.In sense 1, suggested as an element to form names for compounds of chlorine (still called ‘oxymuriatic gas’ in quot. 1811) in the same paper which also introduces the word chlorine n. (formed regularly with -ine suffix⁵; compare quot. 1810 at that entry). Compare also -an suffix 2. Current sense. In sense 2 after German -an (A. W. Hofmann 1866, in Monatsbericht der Königl. Preuss. Akad. der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1865 653, translated by the author in quot. 1867). In this passage, Hofmann proposes a series of five such suffixes, one with each vowel (German -an , -en , -in , -on , -un ), and the systematic application of these to specific types of hydrocarbons, or their analogues. Of these (and their English equivalents), only -an -ane suffix², -en -ene comb. form, and -in -ine suffix⁵ were adopted by others. As influences on his nomenclature, Hofmann cites (in the same paper) A. Laurent (compare -ene comb. form) and C. Gerhard (compare discussion at -ol suffix and -one suffix). Chemistry. †1. In nomenclature proposed by Humphry Davy: forming names of chlorides of metals and other elements, as in antimonane, argentane, ferrane, potassane, etc. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1811 H. Davy in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 101 33 I venture to propose for the compounds of oxymuriatic gas and inflammable matter, the name of their bases, with the termination ane. Thus argentane may signify horn-silver; stannane, Libavius's liquor; antimonane, butter of antimony; sulphurane, Dr. Thomson's sulphuretted liquor; and so on for the rest. 2. In the systematic nomenclature introduced by A. W. Hofmann: forming the names of saturated hydrocarbons of composition C_nH_{2n + 2}, as in methane CH₄, ethane C₂H₆, propane C₃H₈, pentane C₅H₁₂, etc. In later use also forming names of other hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms (cf. alkane n.), as in adamantane, bornane, oestrane, etc., and of compounds of hydrogen with other elements, as in borane, plumbane, silane, etc. ΚΠ 1867 A. W. Hofmann in Proc. Royal Soc. 1866–7 15 57 All the members of this series I make terminate in ane... According to this principle the following names are formed: Methane, (C H₄)⁰. Ethane, (C₂ H₆)⁰. Propane, (C₃ H₈)⁰. Quartane, (C₄ H₁₀)⁰ [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020). < suffix¹suffix²1811
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