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单词 advocation
释义

advocationn.

Brit. /ˌadvəˈkeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌædvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/
Forms: late Middle English 1600s aduocacion, 1500s– advocation, 1600s aduocation; Scottish pre-1700 aduocation, pre-1700 aduocatioun, pre-1700 advocatioun, pre-1700 1700s– advocation.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French advocation; Latin advocātiōn-, advocātiō.
Etymology: < Middle French advocacion, advocation office or function of an advocate (mid 13th cent. in Old French as avocacion ), action of pleading on behalf of another (13th cent.) and its etymon classical Latin advocātiōn-, advocātiō body of legal advisers or advocates, function or duties of an advocate, advocacy, (of a trial) adjournment, postponement, delay, in post-classical Latin also action of calling on or invoking (4th cent. in Jerome), guardianship, protection, or patronage of a church or religious house (9th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources) < advocāt- , past participial stem of advocāre advocate v. + -iō -ion suffix1. Compare Old Occitan avocacio (c1300), Catalan advocació (13th cent.), Spanish advocación (early 16th cent.), also Dutch advocatie (1542 as advocacie ; compare the forms cited at advocacy n.), German Advokation (1522). Compare earlier advowson n.
1. Chiefly Ecclesiastical Law. = advowson n.; guardianship, protection, or patronage of a church or religious house. historical in later use.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > benefice > advowson > [noun]
vowson1297
advowsonc1300
advocationa1325
presentationa1325
presentmenta1325
collationc1380
patronage1395
advowryc1460
avowrya1475
advowsonage1528
voisom1538
advowsante1539
donation1540
advowsement1590
beneficial1591
collating1642
advowsance1655
advocacy1711
advocateship1753
a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) vii. 34 He þat is uerrei patron ne mai noȝt recoueren his aduocacion þoru non oþer writ.
c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 112 (MED) The church of Barton with þe pertinencis, whoos aduocacion they hauen of the ȝifte of Roger of Seynte John, of the same church patrone in-to þere owne vses.
1493 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) A1493/5/23 All giftis of patronageis and advocationis of kirkis and benificis that pertenis to the croune.
1542 in D. H. Fleming Registrum Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1921) II. 664/2 With the advocatioun and donatioun of the parroche-clerkschip.
1566 R. Ascham Let. 14 Apr. in Nugæ Antiquæ (1769) I. 151 [He] woulde..bestowe the advocation therof uppon my sonne.
1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 445 Parents, that haue the donations or aduocations of Church liuings in their hands, must needs haue some of their children..thrust into the Ministry.
1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. iv. 66 To the Kings of England..the Advocation and protection of all the Churches of England.
1681 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. i. xviii. 366 Advocation, Donation, and right of patronage of such Kirks.
1797 R. Bell Syst. Forms of Deeds Scotl. I. 356 I hereby sell, alienate and dispone..the advocation, donation, and right of patronage of the parish and parish church.
1890 T. A. Janvier Mex. Guide ix. iii. 406 The primitive parish church..was dedicated..under the advocation of Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion.
1901 Border Mag. Nov. 218/1 James V..gave to Walter Scott of Branxhelm..the advocation of the church of Sowdoun.
2000 A. Campbell Hist. Clan Campbell I. 74 He [sc. Sir Dougall] came to an agreement with his nephew..over..the advocation of the church of Kilmartin.
2.
a. The action or an act of summoning something; a calling of people to council. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > meeting or assembling for common purpose > [noun] > a meeting
synagoguea1300
councilc1340
collect1382
convent1382
convocation1387
samingc1400
advocationa1425
meetingc1425
steven1481
congress1528
concion1533
conference1575
collection1609
congression1611
divan1619
rendezvous1628
comitia1631
society1712
majlis1821
get-up1826
agora1886
a1425 (?a1400) Cloud of Unknowing (Harl. 674) (1944) 103 (MED) Som disciples of nygromauncye..han it in scyence for to make aduocacion of wickyd spirites.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. i. 160 Hyt apperteyneth not to hem to be of counceyllys ne at the aduocacions.
b. An act of calling upon a person for aid; an appeal for aid or defence. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > invocation or appeal
bodec1175
stevenc1200
crya1300
askingc1330
prayerc1330
beseeching1340
invocationc1384
billc1386
conjuringa1400
pealc1400
conjurationc1450
adjuration?1473
remonstrance?1473
interpellation1526
contestation1548
address1570
vocation1574
imprecation1585
appellation1587
supplantation1590
advocation1598
application1607
invoking1611
inclamation1613
conjurement1643
bespeaking1661
vocative1747
incalling1850
appeal1859
appealing1876
appealingness1876
rogative1882
cri de cœur1897
1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man vi. 586 True Religion..doth direct vs, and our prayers and advocations to one God.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Advocation, in the civil law, the act of calling another to our aid, relief, or defence.
3. gen. The office, position, or function of an advocate; the action or an act of advocating something; pleading for, support for, or recommendation of a person or thing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > intercession or influence on someone's behalf > [noun]
erndinga1000
mediationa1387
advocacyc1390
mediacya1425
meanc1450
moyen1454
interposition1462
mean1465
myance?a1513
advocation1532
intercession1534
advocateship?1555
intercessionment1593
interceding1600
intermise1612
means-making1617
intermission1647
interposal1687
spoke1867
1532 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 312 [£10 yearly to be paid to John Lethane] for aduocatioun and procuratioun to be maid be him..in all..our actionis and causis.
1551 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1880) II. 69 The seruice and aduocatioun of the said Maister Alexander.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iv. 121 Alas..My aduocation is not now in tune. View more context for this quotation
1651 Bp. J. Taylor XXVIII Serm. xxvii. 349 [Christ] sits in heaven in a perpetual advocation for us.
1700 N. Beare Resurrection founded on Justice viii. 40 That very Body..is our Eternal Expiatory Sacrifice, incessantly transacting the great Work of Advocation with his Father.
1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xiii. 17 Rejecting your advocation in behalf of your friend.
1799 J. Townsend Nine Disc. on Prayer ix. 300 The death of Christ and his advocation before the throne of the Father..is beautifully and explicitly set forth.
1814 J. Hogg Hunting of Badlewe iii. iii. 70 Her mother's tongue pouring forth advocation On my behalf.
?1842 D. Boucicault Lover by Proxy iii. 21 She thought my advocation of your cause so excellent, that she nonsuited..the plaintiff.
1907 Typographical Jrnl. 416/2 The cause of the outrage..was the outcome of the political advocations of the paper.
1921 Soda Fountain Sept. 28/2 Governor Louis Hart has gained statewide support on his advocation of the gross sales tax.
1997 K. Schneider Loving Arms iv. 112 Her advocation of indifference constituted a deliberately extreme political strategy.
4. Law (chiefly Scots Law). The referral of a legal action from a lower court to a higher court, ordered by the higher court; an instance of this. Cf. advocate v. 1. Also: a document ordering such referral (cf. = letters of advocation n. at Phrases). Now chiefly historical.Used as a technical term in Scotland, and with reference to the papal Court of Rome (cf. advoke v. 1). Not used in ordinary English law.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ > writs transferring cause to another court
ponea1325
procedendo1405
prohibition?1435
siserary1482
certiorari1523
advocationc1540
tolt1607
recordari1648
procedendo ad judicium1657
society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > legal process > [noun] > transfer of action
advocationc1540
letter of request1694
apostle1726
c1540 Image Ipocrysy ii, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) II. 427 He robbeth all nations With his fulminations..Advocations.
a1575 N. Harpsfield Treat. Divorce Henry VIII (1878) (modernized text) 184 [Wolsey] most earnestly travelled..to stay the advocation of the said cause..to the court of Rome.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 62 Advocation of causes, may be admitted be reason of the iniquitie of the Judge in the inferiour court: or of his doubting, or ignorance of the cause.
1677 T. Middleton App. Hist. Church Scotl. ii. 36 A Writ called an Advocation may take any Cause out of the hands of inferiour Judges, and order it to be brought before themselves.
1711 J. Spotiswood Form of Process 16 No Protestation can be granted, till the Advocation..be wakened.
1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. I. 147 Wolsey, however, failed in his protest; the advocation was passed.
1938 Univ. Toronto Law Jrnl. 2 396 Only in 1681 was an act passed which forbade advocations from the court by the lords of council and session.
2009 A. M. Godfrey Civil Justice Renaissance Sc. iv. 192 With the power of advocation, the Lords could insist that particular legal actions be brought before them.

Phrases

In sense 4.
bill (also †note) of advocation n. Scots Law (a) a written application for a legal action to be referred from a lower court to a higher court, made to the higher court; (b) a document ordering such referral; = letters of advocation n.
ΚΠ
1681 J. Dalrymple Modus Litigandi 24 If any Party appear, he will get a sight of the Bill of Advocation, and be heard thereupon.
1798 Decisions Court of Session 1792–1796 24 John Macausland..complained of the judgment of the Magistrates by bill of advocation, and at that same time brought an action of declarator.
1808 J. Bentham Sc. Reform 15 Instruments of usurpation, in English practice, pone and certiorari; in Scottish, bills of advocation.
1845 Northern Star (Leeds) 31 May 7/5 She then presented a note of advocation (appealed to the Court of Session).
1999 Times (Nexis) 17 Nov. The High Court of Justiciary, sitting as the Court of Criminal Appeal..passing bills of advocation..in respect of a summary complaint by the Procurator Fiscal at Linlithgow.
letters of advocation n. chiefly Scots Law (now historical) a document ordering the referral of a legal action from a lower court to a higher court, issued by the higher court.The equivalent order in English law is a writ of certiorari (see certiorari n.).
ΚΠ
1681 J. Dalrymple Modus Litigandi 24 Letters of Advocation are pass'd under the Signet. commanding the inferior Judge to proceed no further.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) If after letters of advocation are intimated to that judge, he yet proceeds, his decree will be null.
1800 Porcupine 24 Dec. It is also enacted, that no certiorari, letters of advocation or of suspension, shall be granted.
1905 Sc. Hist. Rev. 3 95 The decisions of the local courts became more subject to review on letters of advocation.
1974 W. E. Wilkie Cardinal Protectors Eng. vi. 197 The formal letters of advocation, inhibiting further action by the legatine court in England, were issued in Rome.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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