advisern.

Brit.

/ədˈvʌɪzə/, U.S.

/ədˈvaɪzər/

Forms: see advise v. and -er suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: advise v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < advise v. + -er suffix¹. Compare advisor n.

a. Usually with of. A person who advises a particular course of action, measure, etc.; an advocate, a proponent. Now rare.

ΚΠ

c1536 King Henry VIII Let. 5 Oct. in Camden Misc. (1992) XXXI. 51 Mindinge to have the advicers thereof punished to the example of all other our subjectes.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xx. 80 The said Earle had bin the sole adviser of keeping Sir Robert Mansell abroad.

1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (1742) II. vii. 266 I..who from the very first have always been the adviser of peace.

1794 J. Scott Contin. Hist. Aurungzebe's Successors in tr. M. Firishtah Hist. Dekkan II. ii. 206 It was reported, that he poisoned himself, from the pangs of conscience at his being the adviser of Nadir's advancing to Dhely.

1834 True Sun 19 Sept. Without strong evidence both for the necessity of its application, and the probability of its success, virtue requires the suppression of the advice, and the abstention of the adviser.

1897 Quiver 487/1 He was..an active adviser of the divorce of King Henry from Catherine of Aragon.

1910 T. C. Hall Hist. Ethics within Organized Christianity viii. 496 Luther was..the adviser of action on the part of those who had the political responsibility for the Reformation on their hands.

1967 J. J. Keaney tr. Demosthenes in On the Crown 99 [They] chose Themistocles, the adviser of this action, as general.

b. A person who gives advice; a counsellor; (in later use sometimes) spec. an assistant appointed or engaged to provide advice, frequently in a particular field. Frequently with preceding descriptive word, as economic, legal, tax adviser, etc. (see the first element).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor

redesmanOE

counsellor?c1225

reder1340

guidec1385

patronc1400

counselc1405

nurse?a1425

dresserc1450

guidant1495

adviser1575

advisor1589

manuducent1615

consiliary1652

manuductor1657

Dutch uncle1838

referent1844

consultee1855

mantri1873

advisory1880

consigliere1981

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > other types of

preconsultor1609

co-assessor1644

adviser1752

legal adviser1788

pagati1803

legal advisor1825

investment adviser1853

referendary1876

tipster1884

economic adviser1907

1575 W. Patten Cal. Script. f. 22 Optimus consultor. Optimum consilium: An excellent aduiser. Uery good reed.

1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 484 We stand in the degree of counsailers and aduisers.

1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania iv. 39 Reason aduiser is, Loue ruler must Be of the State.

1686 N. Tate et al. tr. Heliodorus Æthiopian Hist. vii. 46 My Adviser in Distress, the Repeller of my Misfortunes, the Anchor of my Hopes, Calasiris, is gone.

1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxxi. 286 I will make you..my Adviser in this Matter; tho' not perhaps my definitive Judge.

1752 T. Lobb Med. Princ. & Cautions II. 72 I wish, for the Advantage of sick People, that every medical Adviser had the same good Opinion of them.

1792 W. Scott Let. 10 Sept. (1932) I. 21 He will have many advisers and animadverters upon the naughtiness of his ways.

1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 iv. 271 The king and his advisers were not staggered in their warlike resolution.

1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxii. 386 His political advisers were impatient of these dilatory movements.

1919 M. Beer Hist. Brit. Socialism I. ii. v. 162 He could be their self-sacrificing father and teacher, their authoritative adviser and leader.

1940 M. J. MacDonald in Hansard Commons 17 Oct. 867 I have appointed an adviser on rehabilitation.

1984 L. Gordon Virginia Woolf (1986) vi. 89 He made an ideal adviser for an acutely modest young woman who needed, above all, recognition.

2007 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Jan. 16/2 The three of them..were Reagan's closest advisers.

c. Chiefly in plural. A soldier sent to advise or help the government or army of a foreign country.In later use frequently interpreted as a euphemism for combatant soldiers.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > others

artificera1553

man-catcher1649

stormer1655

sallier1685

pressmana1694

camp colour-man1753

sharpshooter1802

train soldier1833

escalader1849

adviser1854

outflanker1854

observer1870

spiker1884

mopper-up1917

slushy1919

wire-cutter1922

televisionary1925

flash-spotter1930

spotter1931

parashooter1940

parashot1940

bunker buster1944

sound-ranger1978

yomper1982

technical1992

1854 Gentleman's Mag. Apr. 355/2 The European drillers of the Turks were generally called ‘advisers’, though seldom listened to.

1915 Handbk. Turkish Army (Intelligence Dept., Cairo) (ed. 2) 24 No attempts to form reserve divisions were noted at Constantinople during the mobilization, but there is every reason to believe that it was the policy of the Turkish military authorities and their German military advisers to form a certain number.

1939 J. D. Littlepage & D. Bess In Search of Soviet Gold xxiv. 259 The Russians have kept a number of ‘advisers’, military and otherwise, in Sinkiang for several years.

1950 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 10 Jan. 4/4 Will they send General MacArthur, or will they merely send some military advisers, to defend human freedom in the jungles of Burma and in the ambuscades of Indo-China?

1963 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 22 Aug. 10/1 We have committed 12,000 of our own troops to it [sc. the war in South Vietnam]. They are called advisers, but since the first of the year 25 of them have been killed in combat.

1972 Guardian 6 Sept. 14/6 If the Australian Labour Party wins the election and the troops come home—there are only 150 ‘advisers’ left in Vietnam—no one doubts that ANZUK would break up.

2010 Independent (Nexis) 21 July (World) 22 The Afghan force of 680 was accompanied by about 170 British ‘advisers’ and Nato air power.

d. Originally U.S. In universities and colleges: a person to whom students are assigned to provide individual advice on academic, personal, or other matters. Cf. moral tutor n. at moral adj. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > as an occupation

adviser1877

counsellor1940

genetic counsellor1952

agony auntie1972

agony aunt1974

society > education > teaching > teacher > university or college teacher > [noun] > tutor > concerned with moral well-being of students

adviser1877

moral tutor1932

1877 University Reg. (Johns Hopkins Univ.) 40 Before a student begins his academic work the President will designate one of his principal instructors to act as his Adviser.

1890 Harvard Monthly Mar. 36 The establishment of Freshman advisers..is a new departure.

1923 Sci. Agric. (Canad. Soc. Technical Agriculturists) 3 390/1 Courses..are selected in consultation with the student's adviser.

1976 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 15 May 1193/2 Each student has a student adviser from the beginning of phase I, who is a guide, adviser, confidant, and advocate.

1996 Univ. Vermont Rec. 13 Sept. 1/1 The first hour is devoted to speakers talking about campus-life issues—alcohol use, gender issues, or what to expect from advisers.

2008 M. Alpert Final Theory 13 Twenty years earlier, when David was a grad student, Kleinman had been his adviser.

e. Frequently with capital initial. In the Malay states: an agent or representative of the British government, formally employed to advise a sultan or other hereditary ruler, but in practice holding substantial executive power (sometimes more formally British Adviser (also British Advisor)); (later) a diplomatic officer holding this title but acting in a purely advisory capacity. Now historical.Under the Pangkor Treaty (1874) the Sultan of Perak agreed to accept a British Resident (see resident n.¹ 2) whose advice was to be followed in all matters except those relating to Malay customs and religion. Similar arrangements were subsequently made in other Malay states. The title of British Adviser continued in use after the formation of the Federation of Malaya in 1948, but the position had by then once again become a genuinely advisory one. The last British Advisers retired in 1957.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > official

senatorc1400

consulter1610

consultor1630

mentor1750

adviser1879

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador > resident adviser

adviser1879

1878 J. Douglas Let. 17 May in Strait's Settlements Instr. Brit. Residents 7 in Parl. Papers 1878–9 (C. 2410) LI. 409 His Excellency desires that you should be reminded that the Residents have been placed in the Native States as advisers, not as rulers.]

1879 I. L. Bird Let. 30 Jan. in Golden Chersonese (1883) xiii. 212 The Sultan has been ‘advised’ into a sort of pensioned retirement, the Resident levying, collecting, and expending the taxes. Sir Andrew Clarke was very fortunate in his selection of the Sultan's first adviser.

1902 W. J. Archer Annex to Despatch No. 141 15 July (Publ. Rec. Office Kew FO 69/230) On June 5^th..the Siamese Minister in London..went on to say that the Siamese Government had no intention..of withdrawing from the agreement to appoint British subjects as Advisers to the Rajahs of the Malay States.

1956 Times 18 Apr. 8/2 The British adviser to Perak State..is to retire next year, and he..is unlikely to be succeeded.

1982 B. W. Andaya & L. Y. Andaya Hist. Malaysia v. 157 Over a period of about fifty years British authority [in the Malay peninsula], whether represented by governor, agent, resident or adviser, was to be formalized in several separate administrative units.

2002 Cheah Boon Kheng Malaysia i. 18 The Sultans..had to ask for and accept advice from the British Resident or British Adviser.

2014 I. M. Lapidus Hist. Islamic Societies (ed. 3) lv. 748 Malay states, including Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, Trengganu, and Johore, were each subordinate to a British advisor.

†2. A dispatch boat, an advice boat; = aviso n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > communication vessel or dispatch boat

patache1589

advicec1595

adviser?1616

adviso1624

advice boat1652

dispatch1694

aviso1714

dispatch-boat1794

dispatch-vessel1809

?1616–18 H. Mainwaring Of Pract. & Suppression Pirates (Royal 17 A. xlvii) f. 21^v Some of yo^r Ma^ties. shippes, and some small aduisers ,..might cut of moste of them [sc. pirates].

†3. A person who gives or sends news, information, or notice of something; an informant. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > intimation or making known > [noun] > one who or that which

advertisement1447

deferent1670

remarkera1684

advertiser1712

notifier1738

noticer1751

warner1762

notice1766

adviser1854

Typhoid Mary1909

1854 T. De Quincey Let. Oct. in ‘H. A. Page’ T. De Quincey: Life & Writings (1877) II. xviii. 83 To you, as being (I think) my latest adviser from Tipperary, I address my answer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adviser
释义	advisern. Brit. /ədˈvʌɪzə/, U.S. /ədˈvaɪzər/ Forms: see advise v. and -er suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: advise v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < advise v. + -er suffix¹. Compare advisor n. 1. a. Usually with of. A person who advises a particular course of action, measure, etc.; an advocate, a proponent. Now rare. ΚΠ c1536 King Henry VIII Let. 5 Oct. in Camden Misc. (1992) XXXI. 51 Mindinge to have the advicers thereof punished to the example of all other our subjectes. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ iii. xx. 80 The said Earle had bin the sole adviser of keeping Sir Robert Mansell abroad. 1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero (1742) II. vii. 266 I..who from the very first have always been the adviser of peace. 1794 J. Scott Contin. Hist. Aurungzebe's Successors in tr. M. Firishtah Hist. Dekkan II. ii. 206 It was reported, that he poisoned himself, from the pangs of conscience at his being the adviser of Nadir's advancing to Dhely. 1834 True Sun 19 Sept. Without strong evidence both for the necessity of its application, and the probability of its success, virtue requires the suppression of the advice, and the abstention of the adviser. 1897 Quiver 487/1 He was..an active adviser of the divorce of King Henry from Catherine of Aragon. 1910 T. C. Hall Hist. Ethics within Organized Christianity viii. 496 Luther was..the adviser of action on the part of those who had the political responsibility for the Reformation on their hands. 1967 J. J. Keaney tr. Demosthenes in On the Crown 99 [They] chose Themistocles, the adviser of this action, as general. b. A person who gives advice; a counsellor; (in later use sometimes) spec. an assistant appointed or engaged to provide advice, frequently in a particular field. Frequently with preceding descriptive word, as economic, legal, tax adviser, etc. (see the first element). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor redesmanOE counsellor?c1225 reder1340 guidec1385 patronc1400 counselc1405 nurse?a1425 dresserc1450 guidant1495 adviser1575 advisor1589 manuducent1615 consiliary1652 manuductor1657 Dutch uncle1838 referent1844 consultee1855 mantri1873 advisory1880 consigliere1981 the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > other types of preconsultor1609 co-assessor1644 adviser1752 legal adviser1788 pagati1803 legal advisor1825 investment adviser1853 referendary1876 tipster1884 economic adviser1907 1575 W. Patten Cal. Script. f. 22 Optimus consultor. Optimum consilium: An excellent aduiser. Uery good reed. 1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 484 We stand in the degree of counsailers and aduisers. 1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania iv. 39 Reason aduiser is, Loue ruler must Be of the State. 1686 N. Tate et al. tr. Heliodorus Æthiopian Hist. vii. 46 My Adviser in Distress, the Repeller of my Misfortunes, the Anchor of my Hopes, Calasiris, is gone. 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxxi. 286 I will make you..my Adviser in this Matter; tho' not perhaps my definitive Judge. 1752 T. Lobb Med. Princ. & Cautions II. 72 I wish, for the Advantage of sick People, that every medical Adviser had the same good Opinion of them. 1792 W. Scott Let. 10 Sept. (1932) I. 21 He will have many advisers and animadverters upon the naughtiness of his ways. 1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 iv. 271 The king and his advisers were not staggered in their warlike resolution. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xxii. 386 His political advisers were impatient of these dilatory movements. 1919 M. Beer Hist. Brit. Socialism I. ii. v. 162 He could be their self-sacrificing father and teacher, their authoritative adviser and leader. 1940 M. J. MacDonald in Hansard Commons 17 Oct. 867 I have appointed an adviser on rehabilitation. 1984 L. Gordon Virginia Woolf (1986) vi. 89 He made an ideal adviser for an acutely modest young woman who needed, above all, recognition. 2007 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Jan. 16/2 The three of them..were Reagan's closest advisers. c. Chiefly in plural. A soldier sent to advise or help the government or army of a foreign country.In later use frequently interpreted as a euphemism for combatant soldiers. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > others artificera1553 man-catcher1649 stormer1655 sallier1685 pressmana1694 camp colour-man1753 sharpshooter1802 train soldier1833 escalader1849 adviser1854 outflanker1854 observer1870 spiker1884 mopper-up1917 slushy1919 wire-cutter1922 televisionary1925 flash-spotter1930 spotter1931 parashooter1940 parashot1940 bunker buster1944 sound-ranger1978 yomper1982 technical1992 1854 Gentleman's Mag. Apr. 355/2 The European drillers of the Turks were generally called ‘advisers’, though seldom listened to. 1915 Handbk. Turkish Army (Intelligence Dept., Cairo) (ed. 2) 24 No attempts to form reserve divisions were noted at Constantinople during the mobilization, but there is every reason to believe that it was the policy of the Turkish military authorities and their German military advisers to form a certain number. 1939 J. D. Littlepage & D. Bess In Search of Soviet Gold xxiv. 259 The Russians have kept a number of ‘advisers’, military and otherwise, in Sinkiang for several years. 1950 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 10 Jan. 4/4 Will they send General MacArthur, or will they merely send some military advisers, to defend human freedom in the jungles of Burma and in the ambuscades of Indo-China? 1963 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 22 Aug. 10/1 We have committed 12,000 of our own troops to it [sc. the war in South Vietnam]. They are called advisers, but since the first of the year 25 of them have been killed in combat. 1972 Guardian 6 Sept. 14/6 If the Australian Labour Party wins the election and the troops come home—there are only 150 ‘advisers’ left in Vietnam—no one doubts that ANZUK would break up. 2010 Independent (Nexis) 21 July (World) 22 The Afghan force of 680 was accompanied by about 170 British ‘advisers’ and Nato air power. d. Originally U.S. In universities and colleges: a person to whom students are assigned to provide individual advice on academic, personal, or other matters. Cf. moral tutor n. at moral adj. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > as an occupation adviser1877 counsellor1940 genetic counsellor1952 agony auntie1972 agony aunt1974 society > education > teaching > teacher > university or college teacher > [noun] > tutor > concerned with moral well-being of students adviser1877 moral tutor1932 1877 University Reg. (Johns Hopkins Univ.) 40 Before a student begins his academic work the President will designate one of his principal instructors to act as his Adviser. 1890 Harvard Monthly Mar. 36 The establishment of Freshman advisers..is a new departure. 1923 Sci. Agric. (Canad. Soc. Technical Agriculturists) 3 390/1 Courses..are selected in consultation with the student's adviser. 1976 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 15 May 1193/2 Each student has a student adviser from the beginning of phase I, who is a guide, adviser, confidant, and advocate. 1996 Univ. Vermont Rec. 13 Sept. 1/1 The first hour is devoted to speakers talking about campus-life issues—alcohol use, gender issues, or what to expect from advisers. 2008 M. Alpert Final Theory 13 Twenty years earlier, when David was a grad student, Kleinman had been his adviser. e. Frequently with capital initial. In the Malay states: an agent or representative of the British government, formally employed to advise a sultan or other hereditary ruler, but in practice holding substantial executive power (sometimes more formally British Adviser (also British Advisor)); (later) a diplomatic officer holding this title but acting in a purely advisory capacity. Now historical.Under the Pangkor Treaty (1874) the Sultan of Perak agreed to accept a British Resident (see resident n.¹ 2) whose advice was to be followed in all matters except those relating to Malay customs and religion. Similar arrangements were subsequently made in other Malay states. The title of British Adviser continued in use after the formation of the Federation of Malaya in 1948, but the position had by then once again become a genuinely advisory one. The last British Advisers retired in 1957. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor > official senatorc1400 consulter1610 consultor1630 mentor1750 adviser1879 society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy > resident ambassador > resident adviser adviser1879 1878 J. Douglas Let. 17 May in Strait's Settlements Instr. Brit. Residents 7 in Parl. Papers 1878–9 (C. 2410) LI. 409 His Excellency desires that you should be reminded that the Residents have been placed in the Native States as advisers, not as rulers.] 1879 I. L. Bird Let. 30 Jan. in Golden Chersonese (1883) xiii. 212 The Sultan has been ‘advised’ into a sort of pensioned retirement, the Resident levying, collecting, and expending the taxes. Sir Andrew Clarke was very fortunate in his selection of the Sultan's first adviser. 1902 W. J. Archer Annex to Despatch No. 141 15 July (Publ. Rec. Office Kew FO 69/230) On June 5^th..the Siamese Minister in London..went on to say that the Siamese Government had no intention..of withdrawing from the agreement to appoint British subjects as Advisers to the Rajahs of the Malay States. 1956 Times 18 Apr. 8/2 The British adviser to Perak State..is to retire next year, and he..is unlikely to be succeeded. 1982 B. W. Andaya & L. Y. Andaya Hist. Malaysia v. 157 Over a period of about fifty years British authority [in the Malay peninsula], whether represented by governor, agent, resident or adviser, was to be formalized in several separate administrative units. 2002 Cheah Boon Kheng Malaysia i. 18 The Sultans..had to ask for and accept advice from the British Resident or British Adviser. 2014 I. M. Lapidus Hist. Islamic Societies (ed. 3) lv. 748 Malay states, including Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, Trengganu, and Johore, were each subordinate to a British advisor. †2. A dispatch boat, an advice boat; = aviso n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > communication vessel or dispatch boat patache1589 advicec1595 adviser?1616 adviso1624 advice boat1652 dispatch1694 aviso1714 dispatch-boat1794 dispatch-vessel1809 ?1616–18 H. Mainwaring Of Pract. & Suppression Pirates (Royal 17 A. xlvii) f. 21^v Some of yo^r Ma^ties. shippes, and some small aduisers ,..might cut of moste of them [sc. pirates]. †3. A person who gives or sends news, information, or notice of something; an informant. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > intimation or making known > [noun] > one who or that which advertisement1447 deferent1670 remarkera1684 advertiser1712 notifier1738 noticer1751 warner1762 notice1766 adviser1854 Typhoid Mary1909 1854 T. De Quincey Let. Oct. in ‘H. A. Page’ T. De Quincey: Life & Writings (1877) II. xviii. 83 To you, as being (I think) my latest adviser from Tipperary, I address my answer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1536
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