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单词 chine
释义

chinen.1

Brit. /tʃʌɪn/, U.S. /tʃaɪn/
Forms: Old English cine, cyne, cinu, Middle English chene, Middle English–1500s chyn, Middle English–1500s, 1800s chyne, Middle English–1500s chinne, chynne, chin, Middle English– chine.
Etymology: Old English cinu , -an , weak feminine, corresponding to Middle Dutch kēne , Dutch keen ( < kina ) chap, germ, < root ki- to burst open, split, etc.: see chine v.1The phonetic history has points of doubt. The normal course was for the i to remain short, which is exemplified by the frequent chynne , chinne , chyn , chin of 15–16th cent. But chene was the form with many (e.g. Trevisa, Palladius). In the middle of the 16th cent. the word was superseded by chink n.2, except in the local use, 2b, in which modern usage makes the ī long.
†1.
a. An open fissure or crack in a surface; a cleft, crack, chink, leak. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [noun] > a crack or breach
chinec888
bruche?a1300
crevice1382
scar1390
scorec1400
rimea1425
riftc1425
riving1440
creekc1480
brack1524
rive1527
bruise1530
crack1530
chink1545
chap1553
riff1577
chop1578
chinker1581
coane1584
fraction1587
cranice1603
slifter1607
fracture1641
shake1651
snap1891
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > chink, crevice, or cleft
chinec888
cleftc1374
crevice1382
crannyc1440
crack1530
crannel1534
chink1552
crank1552
gash1575
chaum1601
chawn1601
fissure1609
case1778
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxv. §3 Duru þær ðær ic ær geseah ane lytle cynan.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 154 (Bosw.) Gemette he ðæt fæt swa gehal ðæt ðær nan cinu on næs gesewen.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Song of Sol. ii. 14 In the chyne of a ston wal.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. cxxiii. (Tollem. MS.) Schippis beþ pichid þerwiþ, and chynes [1535 chinnes] and crasyng of schippes beþ stopped.
a1420 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 4259 In at the chynnes of the bordes they prye.
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 1140 Iche hole & chene.
c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 100 A leude master..letteth..his shyp fal on a leke, and than careth not yet to stop the chines.
1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. H.h Betwene the chines, and gynks [1560 chynes and chinkes] of closely ioynyd bourdes.
1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 72 In the holes and chynnes.
1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum 179 In chinnes.
1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum 180 In chins and walls.
†b. spec. A fissure or crack in the skin; a chap.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > chap or crack
rhagadesOE
chap1398
chine1398
rupture?a1425
chapping1540
rift1543
chame1559
cleft1576
chop1578
crepature1582
cone1584
chink1597
fent1597
chawn1601
star1607
hacka1610
kin1740
sand-crack1895
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollem. MS) viii. xxiii Þey..hauen ofte euel drye chines in þe hynder party of þe foot.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 14012 Where she fonde chyn or soore Wiþ oynement she anoynt þore.
1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde ii. f. lxviv The chyldes lyppes..hauynge..cleftes and chynnes.
1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xivv Pusshes, chappynges or chynnes which cause greate payne.
1562 W. Bullein Dial. Sorenes f. 45, in Bulwarke of Defence Any clifte or chinne.
†c. A cut, an incision. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > cutting > [noun] > a cut or incision
garse?c1225
chinea1387
slit1398
incisionc1400
slivingc1400
raising?a1425
scotchc1450
racec1500
tranchec1500
kerf?1523
hack1555
slash1580
hew1596
raze1596
incutting1598
slisha1616
scar1653
lancementa1655
slap1688
slip1688
nick1692
streak1725
sneck1768
snick1775
rut1785
sliver1806
overcut1874
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 223 Þe chene of his wounde [L. vulneris hiatus].
1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Tollem. MS.) vi. vi In that stone..is seen of that stroke a chynne of an elne longe.
†2.
a. A fissure in the surface of the earth; a crevice, chasm. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hole or pit > [noun] > chasm or cleft
chinec1050
earth-chinea1300
kinc1330
chimneyc1374
haga1400
riftc1400
refta1425
dungeonc1475
rupturec1487
gaping1539
rent1603
chasm1621
abrupt1624
hiulcitya1681
clove1779
score1790
strid1862
fent1878
c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 381 Crypte, cinan.
c1220 Bestiary 402 In eried lond or in erðchine.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 233 Þere was somtyme in þe myddel of Rome a greet chene in þe erþe; out of þat chene come smoke and brymston, and slow many man.
1480 Cambriæ Epit. 271 In that hither side in a chene Shall thou here wonder dene.
c1490 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Met. xiv. viii By chynnes and krevays.
1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. i. viii. f. 15/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I A rock..which hath a little rift or chine vpon the side.
b. spec. On the Isle of Wight and Hampshire coast, a deep and narrow ravine cut in soft rock strata by a stream descending steeply to the sea.
ΚΠ
1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 281 One of these chines, near Boscomb, has been deepened twenty feet within a few years.
1837 F. Marryat Snarleyyow (ed. 2) I. xv. 203 A certain point close to the Black Gang Chyne.
1879 H. I. Jenkinson Guide Isle of Wight (ed. 2) 69 The Shanklin Chine is the most beautiful of any on the island.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

chinen.2

Brit. /tʃʌɪn/, U.S. /tʃaɪn/
Forms: Also Middle English–1600s chyne, (1600s chein, chaine).
Etymology: Aphetic < *achine, for Old French eschine (modern French échine) spinal column, back-bone (11th cent. in Littré), corresponding to Provençal esquina, esquena, Spanish esquena, Italian schiena. For the Romance word Diez suggests an adoption of Old High German scina, Middle High German schine, which, among other things, meant ‘needle, splinter,’ perhaps originally ‘small piece of bone or metal’. The transition of sense would be parallel to that of Latin spina, prickle, fishbone, backbone, and German grat; the difficulty being the want of evidence, either in German or Romanic, for this transition. (Scheler Anhang, to Diez quotes from an Italian-German Gloss. in Mussafia ‘schena, schinpein’ shinbone, which may be thought to show some approximation.)
1. The spine, backbone, or vertebral column; more loosely ‘the part of the back in which the spine is found’ (Johnson). archaic and technical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun]
ridgeeOE
ridge boneOE
backbonea1300
chinec1300
rigbonec1400
spinac1400
spinec1400
spine-bonec1400
chine-bone?1533
vertebre1578
vertebre1623
vertebrasa1632
rachis1693
vertebres1696
vertebra1791
vertebral column1828
spinal column1866
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > glanders, strangles, or farcy
farcina1425
mourning of (also on) the chinec1465
farcy1481
strangullion1481
stranyelourc1500
vives?1523
(the) glanders1530
yves1578
avives1600
strangles1600
chine1607
strangle1607
fivesa1616
chine-evil1630
chine-gall1630
chine-glanders1630
mortechien1635
water-farcin1665
vees1672
c1300 K. Alis. 3977 Thow..Me byhynde at my chyne Smotest me with thy spere.
1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 468 Take a pike or a tenche, and slitte hom by the chine.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) ciiii. sig. E*iiiv The emperoure was so brused wyth hys fal that nye the chyne of his backe was broken asonder.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Livv/1 Ye Chine of a beast, spina.
1607 T. Dekker Whore of Babylon sig. D2v My backe must beare Till the chine crack.
1680 T. Otway Orphan ii. 16 I..Clove the Rebel to the Chine.
c1720 W. Gibson Farriers New Guide i. iv. 40 It is continued along the Chine downwards..and through all that Passage is termed the Spinal Marrow.
1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 454 Sheep..The chine should be low and straight from the shoulders to the setting on of the tail.
1879 R. Browning Ned Bratts in Idyls I. 206.
†2.
a. The back. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > back > [noun]
ridgeeOE
backc1000
rigc1300
chinec1475
rigginga1522
posteriority?1533
rigback1591
backward1636
c1475 Partenay 5647 Well felt the strokes on the chinesse bred.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. iii. sig. Bb2 Whom Calidore thus carried on his chine . View more context for this quotation
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Eschinon, the chyne, or vpper part of the backe betweene the shoulders.
1775 Songs Costume (1849) 255 Then the fops are so fine, With lank-waisted chine, And a skimp bit of a hat.
†b. to bow the chine. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. vi And do theym bowen both in backe and chyne.
1430 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas ii. xxxi. (1554) 67 a To that Lord bowe a down thy chine.
1443 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 211 Tofore whos face lowly they did enclyne..Ffyl doun to ground, bowyd bak and chyne.
3.
a. Cookery. A ‘joint’ consisting of the whole or part of the backbone of an animal, with the adjoining flesh. The application varies much according to the animal; in mutton it is the ‘saddle’; in beef any part of the back (ribs or sirloin).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > back
chinec1400
chine-beef1675
saddle1732
hump1805
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1354 Syþen sunder þay þe sydeȝ swyft fro þe chyne [of a deer].
1556 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 260 Item, payed for a chyne of freshe salmon.
1606 No-body & Some-body sig. B4 Yeomen..Whose long backs bend with weightie chynes of biefe.
a1764 in Dodsley Coll. Poems VI. 257 Chickens and a chine of lamb.
1789 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) xxi. 339 In a sheep..The two loins together is called a chine of mutton.
1823 J. F. Cooper Pioneers I. ix. 126 A prodigious chine of roasted bear's meat.
b. spec. The backbone and immediately adjoining flesh of a bacon-pig, which remains when the sides are cut off for bacon-curing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > cuts or parts
pig's footc1475
hog's foot1561
hog's cheek1573
bald-rib1598
spring1598
list1623
griskin1699
chine1712
pork griskin1725
rearing1736
pork chop?1752
hand1794
faggot1815
hog round1819
sweet-bone1826
butt1845
pig trotter1851
pork belly1863
Hodge1879
fore-end1906
fore-hock1923
1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 64 Podynges and chynes of porke.]
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 269. ¶8 He had killed eight fat Hogs..he had dealt about his Chines very liberally among his Neighbours.
1788 Ld. Auckland's Corr. II. 208 As the person said about his friend from the country sending him a chine, that he wished he had sent the turkey too.
1861 Sat. Rev. 21 Dec. 647 When country cousins were not too fine to send up turkeys and chine.
4. transferred. A ridge, crest, arête.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > ridge > [noun] > crest of
comba1325
edgec1400
rigging1541
ridge crest1848
ridgetop1849
chine1855
arête1862
back1863
crest-line1890
1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 166 And the billow now Upon its chine the ironed wheels supports.
1857 C. Kingsley Two Years Ago III. 99 Crawling on hands and knees along the sharp chines of the rocks.
1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone II. i. 5 Every man in his several place, keeping down the rig or chine.
1876 R. F. Burton Two Trips Gorilla Land II. 257 We then struck the roughest of descents, down broken outcrops and chines of granite.
†5. mourning of the chine, mourne of the chine, mose in the chine, glanders of the chine: a disease of horses: see mourn v.2, glander n. Hence, perhaps, chine, as name of a disease.
ΚΠ
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxiiv Mornyng on the chynne..appereth at his nose thyrlles lyke oke water.
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 56* Well, this Louer..began..to mourne of the chyne, and to hang the lippe.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 77 The iuice of black Chamæleon killeth young kie like the chine.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. ii. 50 His horse..possest with the glanders, and like to mose in the chine . View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 118 The wheasing Swine With Coughs is choak'd; and labours from the Chine. View more context for this quotation

Compounds

General attributive.
C1.
chine-beef n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > back
chinec1400
chine-beef1675
saddle1732
hump1805
1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses iv. 37 He took..Of good Chine-beef, and gave it to these Guests.
C2.
† chine-bone n. Obsolete the vertebral column.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun]
ridgeeOE
ridge boneOE
backbonea1300
chinec1300
rigbonec1400
spinac1400
spinec1400
spine-bonec1400
chine-bone?1533
vertebre1578
vertebre1623
vertebrasa1632
rachis1693
vertebres1696
vertebra1791
vertebral column1828
spinal column1866
?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Biv The chyne boone, la greue.
1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 42 If the chine-bone were all of one piece, a man shoulde bee alwayes stiffe like to a pale.
chine-marrow n. spinal marrow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > spine > [noun] > marrow of
marrowa1398
medulla?a1425
spinal marrow1578
pith1594
chine-marrow1661
thorny marrow1662
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια Isagoge sig. C7 The chine or pithmarrow.
C3. cf. sense 5: chine-evil, chine-gall, chine-glanders.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > glanders, strangles, or farcy
farcina1425
mourning of (also on) the chinec1465
farcy1481
strangullion1481
stranyelourc1500
vives?1523
(the) glanders1530
yves1578
avives1600
strangles1600
chine1607
strangle1607
fivesa1616
chine-evil1630
chine-gall1630
chine-glanders1630
mortechien1635
water-farcin1665
vees1672
1630 P. Massinger Picture sig. K3v The Friction with funigation cannot saue him From the chine euill.
1630 J. Taylor Wks. i. 90/1 The Chinegall, the Nauelgall..the Glanders.
1746 B. Langrish Physical Exper. Brutes 104 What the Farriers call the chine-glanders.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

chinen.3

Brit. /tʃʌɪn/, U.S. /tʃaɪn/
Etymology: a variant of chime n.2, probably altered by phonetic attraction to chine n.2
1. The projecting rim at the heads of casks, etc., formed by the ends of the staves; = chime n.2
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > barrel or cask > [noun] > projecting rim
chimec1405
chinea1475
a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 121 When þow settyst a pipe abroche..iiij fyngur ouer þe nere chyne þow may percer or bore..and so shalle ye not cawse þe lies vp to ryse.
1601 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 295 The yeoman drawer hath for his fee all the lees of wine within fowre fingers of the chine.
1713 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (1743) iv. 312 Ornamenting the very Chines of his Cask by a moulding Instrument.
1883 American 6 206 The old and mouldy casks had rotted away at their chines.
2.
a. Shipbuilding. (See quot. 1850.)
ΚΠ
1833 T. Richardson Mercantile Marine Archit. 5 The rabbet..is always the same distance from..the chine, as the thickness of the plank intended to be worked on the bottom.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 106 Chine, that part of the waterways which is left the thickest, and above the deckplank. It is bearded back, that the lower seam of spirketing may be more conveniently caulked, and is gouged hollow in front to form a watercourse.
b. Of a (flat-bottomed) ship: see quot. 1927. Of a flying boat, the extreme side member of the bottom of the hull running approximately parallel to the keel in side elevation.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > intersection of sides bottom
chine1920
1911 J. Barten Nautisches Taschen-Wörterbuch i. 43/1 Chine, die Rundung des Leibholzes.]
1920 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 24 465 When the A.D. boat was fully loaded the water-line came up above the chine.
1927 G. Bradford Gloss. Sea Terms 56/2 Chine, the line of intersection between the sides and bottom of a flat-bottomed boat; the angle in the planking of a V-bottomed boat.
1933 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 37 861 Increase of resistance..can be reduced by provision of longitudinal steps or scallops..so that at high speed the chines are clear.
1950 Engineering 3 Mar. 229/2 The wooden hull was carvel-built, with a sharp chine, flat bottom, [etc.].

Compounds

C1. General attributive. (In sense 1.)
chine-hoop n. (of a cask)
ΚΠ
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Chine-hoop, the extreme hoop which keeps the ends of the staves together.
C2. (In sense 2b.)
chine-bilge n.
ΚΠ
1932 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 Mar. 216/4 If a flat bottom and a chine-bilge are the hall mark [of a barge] the Humber keel and sloop are included.
chine-piece n.
ΚΠ
1948 R. de Kerchove Internat. Maritime Dict. 135/2 Chine piece, a longitudinal piece which runs from stem to stern where the side and bottom frames join in a V-bottom boat. Also called chine log.
chine-strut n.
ΚΠ
1931 Flight 23 Jan. 83/2 Chine struts have always been troublesome by reason of liability to damage by attendant boats.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

† chinev.1

Forms: infinitive Old English cínan, Middle English chinen, chynen, Middle English–1500s chynne, Middle English– chine; past tense Middle English chan, Middle English chane, chon, Middle English– chined; past participle 1500s– chined.
Etymology: Old English cínan , cán , cinon , cinen strong verb, corresponding to Old Saxon and Old High German kînan < Old Germanic kînan , in which n appears to have been originally a present-tense formative, < stem ki- ; compare Gothic strong past participle us-kijans sprung up, also us-keinan to sprout out, spring up, with change of strong inflection to the weak inflection of the inchoative na- class. (Compare awaken v.) From the same root came Old English cíþ , Old Saxon cîð , Old High German chîdi , modern German dialect keid(e sprout. The primary meaning of the verb root ‘to burst open, split’ was retained in English. See also the derivative to-chine v.
Obsolete.
1.
a. intransitive. To burst asunder, split open; to open in fissures; to crack, chink, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (intransitive)] > crack, split, or cleave
chinea700
to-chinec725
cleavea1225
to-cleavec1275
rivec1330
to-slentc1380
to-sundera1393
cracka1400
rifta1400
chapc1420
crevec1450
break1486
slave?1523
chink1552
chop1576
coame1577
cone1584
slat1607
cleft1610
splita1625
checka1642
chicka1642
flaw1648
shale1712
vent1721
spalt1731
star1842
seam1880
tetter1911
a700 Epinal Gloss. 495 Hiulca, cinaendi.
a800 Erfurt Gloss. cinendi.
a1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 221 Dehiscens, cinende.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 148 Ȝif men cine hwilc lim.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. (1867) 83 Þe sunne scineð þurh þe glesne ehþurl . þet gles ne brekeð ne chineð.
c1305 in Leg. Rood (1871) 142 His lippes to clouen and chyned.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 212 Hys wounde..gan to chyne.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xvii. ii. 599 By strengthe of hete the erthe cleuyth and chynnyth.
1534 R. Whittington tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Tullyes Offyces iii. sig. R.3 Whan the erthe dyd chyne and gape..he went downe in to that great chyne..and dyd se an horse of brasse.
b. To split off, separate by a fissure.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > become detached [verb (intransitive)] > break off > split off
chinec1300
to flaw off1665
spall1853
sliver1880
c1300 K. Alis. 2228 He smot his stede in the mane, That hed fro the body chane.
2. transitive. To burst, split.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break to pieces, shatter, or burst
to-breakc888
briteOE
to-shenec950
abreakOE
forgnidea1000
to-brytc1000
to-burstc1000
to-driveOE
shiverc1200
to-shiverc1200
to-reavec1225
shiverc1250
debruise1297
to-crack13..
to-frushc1300
to-sliftc1315
chinec1330
littlec1350
dingc1380
bruisea1382
burst1382
rushc1390
shinderc1390
spald?a1400
brittenc1400
pashc1400
forbruise1413
to break, etc. into sherds1426
shattera1450
truncheon1477
scarboyle1502
shonk1508
to-shattera1513
rash1513
shidera1529
grind1535
infringe1543
dishiver1562
rupture1578
splinter1582
tear1582
disshiver1596
upburst1596
to burst up1601
diminish1607
confract1609
to blow (shiver, smash, tear, etc.) to or into atoms1612
dishatter1615
vanquashc1626
beshiver1647
disfrange1778
smash1778
explode1784
bust1806
spell1811
smithereen1878
shard1900
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 7764 Tho that deth her hert chon.
1508 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 148 After the erth be brent, chyned, and chypped by the hete of the sonne.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

chinev.2

Brit. /tʃʌɪn/, U.S. /tʃaɪn/
Forms: Also 1500s chynne, chyne.
Etymology: < chine n.2; compare French échiner to break the back of.
I. Connected with the chine = backbone.
1.
a. transitive. To cut along or across the chine or backbone; to cut the chine-piece.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > affect with bone disorder [verb (transitive)] > cut along or across spine
chine1611
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > butcher > specific along backbone
chine1611
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Eschiner, to chyne; to diuide, or breake the backe of.
1615 G. Markham Eng. Hus-wife in Countrey Contentments 60 And the Pigge you shal chine [and] divide into two parts.
1636 Divine Trag. lately Acted 22 [He] with a hatchet chines him downe the backe, so as his bowells fell out.
1787 G. Canning Microcosm No. 28.
1843 Peter Parley's Ann. 331 Cutting out a pluck, or chining a whole sheep.
b. spec. To cut up (a salmon or other fish).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of seafood > prepare seafood [verb (transitive)] > cut up or carve
chine1508
chawn1693
1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. Av Chynne that samon.
1651–7 T. Barker Art of Angling (1820) 22 You chine the Salmon.
1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler iii Chine or slit him through the middle, as a salt fish is usually cut.
1787 T. Best Conc. Treat. Angling (ed. 2) 168.
2. To break the chine or back of. (? Also, To cleave to the chine.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders of bones > affect with bone disorder [verb (transitive)] > fracture
chine1596
refracture1789
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. vi. sig. F2 On her horses hinder parts it [sc. a stroke] fell..That quite it chynd his backe behind the sell. View more context for this quotation
1677 T. Otway Cheats of Scapin ii. i, in Titus & Berenice sig. G4v By all the Honour of my Ancestors I'le chine the Villain [Fr. je le veux échiner].
1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 250 He would chine the Man, that was his Word, who offer'd to touch his Lady.
II. Connected with chine = ridge.
3. intransitive and transitive. To ridge. (Only in one writer.)
ΚΠ
1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. iii. 34 The valleys [were] chined with shadow.
1873 R. D. Blackmore Cradock Nowell (1881) xi. 44 His mighty forehead would scarp and chine like the headland when the plough turns.
1880 R. D. Blackmore Erema xx The cliff was of chalk..where it suddenly chined away from landslope into sea-front, a long bar of shingle began.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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