chinampan.

Brit.

/tʃᵻˈnampə/, U.S.

/tʃəˈnæmpə/,

/tʃəˈnɑmpə/

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish chinampa.

Etymology: < Mexican Spanish chinampa (a1577 or earlier) < Nahuatl chināmitl, chināmtl small field or garden plot surrounded by a fence or netting made of cane or cornstalks built in a swampy environment.In quot. 1787 via the Italian translation of an underlying Spanish text (in which chinampa does denote the ʻgardenʼ itself).

An artificially created farm plot on the edge of a lake used for growing crops in Mesoamerican agriculture and subsequently in Mexico.Chinampas are typically rectangular plots, created by interweaving reeds with stakes to form underwater fences in the shallows of a lake, which are arranged in a grid pattern with canals in between. This system of agriculture arose in the lakes of the Valley of Mexico around the 13th cent. and was at its height at the time of the arrival of the first European colonizers.The sense in quot. 1787, i.e. ‘owner of a chinampa’, arose through mistranslation (see note in etymology).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > [noun] > other types of garden

grounda1500

knot-garden1519

back-garden1535

summer garden1589

spring garden1612

spring gardena1625

water gardena1626

walled gardena1631

wildernessa1644

window garden1649

botanic garden1662

Hanging Gardens1705

winter garden1736

cottage garden1765

Vauxhall1770

English garden1771

wall garden1780

chinampa1787

moat garden1826

gardenesque1832

sunk garden1835

roof garden1844

weedery1847

wild garden1852

rootery1855

beer-garden1863

Japanese garden1863

bog-garden1883

Italian garden1883

community garden1884

sink garden1894

trough garden1935

sand garden1936

Zen garden1937

hydroponicum1938

tub garden1974

rain garden1994

1787 C. Cullen tr. F. S. Clavigero Hist. Mexico I. 376 When the owner of a garden, or the Chinampa [It. Chinampa], as he is usually called, wishes to change his situation,..he gets into his little vessel, and by his own strength alone, if the garden is small, or with the assistance of others, if it is large, he tows it after him, and conducts it wherever he pleases with the little tree and hut upon it.

1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. II. xx. 250 Covered with aquatic plants, they resemble..floating meadows, the chinampas or floating gardens of the Mexican lakes.

1972 Bull. Atomic Scientists Mar. 36/3 When the surface of a chinampa becomes too high, surplus soil is removed and used to build new chinampas.

2004 New Scientist 10 Apr. 50/2 The Aztecs began to reclaim land from shallow regions of the lake. They piled up soil from the shore and sludge from the lake bed into rectangular wedges of land, or chinampas.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	chinampa
释义	chinampan. Brit. /tʃᵻˈnampə/, U.S. /tʃəˈnæmpə/, /tʃəˈnɑmpə/ Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish chinampa. Etymology: < Mexican Spanish chinampa (a1577 or earlier) < Nahuatl chināmitl, chināmtl small field or garden plot surrounded by a fence or netting made of cane or cornstalks built in a swampy environment.In quot. 1787 via the Italian translation of an underlying Spanish text (in which chinampa does denote the ʻgardenʼ itself). An artificially created farm plot on the edge of a lake used for growing crops in Mesoamerican agriculture and subsequently in Mexico.Chinampas are typically rectangular plots, created by interweaving reeds with stakes to form underwater fences in the shallows of a lake, which are arranged in a grid pattern with canals in between. This system of agriculture arose in the lakes of the Valley of Mexico around the 13th cent. and was at its height at the time of the arrival of the first European colonizers.The sense in quot. 1787, i.e. ‘owner of a chinampa’, arose through mistranslation (see note in etymology). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > [noun] > other types of garden grounda1500 knot-garden1519 back-garden1535 summer garden1589 spring garden1612 spring gardena1625 water gardena1626 walled gardena1631 wildernessa1644 window garden1649 botanic garden1662 Hanging Gardens1705 winter garden1736 cottage garden1765 Vauxhall1770 English garden1771 wall garden1780 chinampa1787 moat garden1826 gardenesque1832 sunk garden1835 roof garden1844 weedery1847 wild garden1852 rootery1855 beer-garden1863 Japanese garden1863 bog-garden1883 Italian garden1883 community garden1884 sink garden1894 trough garden1935 sand garden1936 Zen garden1937 hydroponicum1938 tub garden1974 rain garden1994 1787 C. Cullen tr. F. S. Clavigero Hist. Mexico I. 376 When the owner of a garden, or the Chinampa [It. Chinampa], as he is usually called, wishes to change his situation,..he gets into his little vessel, and by his own strength alone, if the garden is small, or with the assistance of others, if it is large, he tows it after him, and conducts it wherever he pleases with the little tree and hut upon it. 1852 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. II. xx. 250 Covered with aquatic plants, they resemble..floating meadows, the chinampas or floating gardens of the Mexican lakes. 1972 Bull. Atomic Scientists Mar. 36/3 When the surface of a chinampa becomes too high, surplus soil is removed and used to build new chinampas. 2004 New Scientist 10 Apr. 50/2 The Aztecs began to reclaim land from shallow regions of the lake. They piled up soil from the shore and sludge from the lake bed into rectangular wedges of land, or chinampas. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1787
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