Chiefly in plural. Ashes produced by the burning of various organic substances, spec. woad plants (Isatis tinctoria), tartar left in empty wine…

in clavellated ashes: ‘Potash of superior quality obtained from the dried and calcined lees of wine, for the use of dyers’ (Godefroy).

(See quots.)

An emulsion of oil and sodium carbonate solution used to prepare cotton for dyeing. Also: a solution of alum and salt used for steeping skins during…