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单词 chagrin
释义

chagrinn.

/ʃəˈɡriːn//ʃəˈɡrɪn//ˈʃaɡrɪn/
Forms: Also 1600s shagrin, 1700s chagreen.
Etymology: < French chagrin (1) rough skin, shagreen, (2) displeasure, ill-humour, etc. The sense-development took place in French, where the word meaning ‘rough and granular skin employed to rub, polish, file’, became by metaphor the expression for gnawing trouble (Littré). In English the word in the original material sense is now written shagreen n.In the sense shagreenItalian has zigrino, Venetian sagrin (Diez); < Turkish çāghrī, çaghrī, saghrī, rump of a horse, hence the prepared skin of this part, shagreen.
I. = shagreen n.
1. A species of skin or leather with a rough surface: now commonly spelt shagreen n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > leather finished in specific way
red leather1418
black work1587
frieze-leather1594
shagreen1677
chagrin1678
wax-leather1711
patent leather1797
satin leather1802
japanned leather1851
Peau d'Espagne1855
grain-leather1858
suede1878
pebble leather1880
suede leather1882
ooze leather1888
blacking leather1895
grain1895
patent1902
ooze1916
1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Chagrin,..also the rough skin of a Fish, of which Watch Cases and handles of Knives are made.
1697 tr. Countess D'Aunoy's Trav. (1706) 151 It is cover'd with Chagrin, and nail'd with Gold Nails.
1767 Philos. Trans. 1766 (Royal Soc.) 56 190 The skin, which is black, is full of small scales, resembling chagrin.
1842 J. C. Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 92 It is of the tuberculated skin of the wild ass that the Levantines make the grained leather termed chagrin.
2. figurative. A shagreen-like surface. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1734 R. North Examen (1740) ii. v. ⁋129. 394 Thoughts which..had made their skin run into a Chagrin.
II. Of the mind or feelings. (Often referred to, c1700, as an affected and frenchified term.)[ Cotgr. (1611) explains French chagrin, carke, melancholie, care, thought; perplexitie, heauinesse, anxietie, pensiuenesse, vexation, or anguish of mind; also a disease or maladie: especially, such a one as comes by melancholie.]
3. That which frets or worries the mind; fretting trouble, carking care, worry, anxiety; melancholy. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [noun]
unlustOE
sorrowfulnessa1250
heavinessc1275
elengenessec1320
dullnessc1369
tristourc1380
murknessc1390
tristesse1390
faintness1398
ungladnessa1400
droopingc1400
heavity14..
dejectionc1450
terne?a1513
disconsolation1515
descence1526
marea1529
sadness?1537
dumpishness1548
unblessedness1549
dolorousness1553
ruefulness?1574
dolefulness1586
heartlessness1591
languishment1591
mopishness1598
soul-sickness1603
contristation1605
damp1606
gloominess1607
sableness1607
uncheerfulnessa1617
disconsolateness1624
cheerlessnessa1631
dejectedness1633
droopingness1635
disanimation1637
lowness1639
desponsion1641
disconsolacy1646
despondency1653
dispiritedness1654
chagrin1656
demission1656
jawfall1660
weightedness1660
depression1665
disconsolancy1665
grumness1675
despondence1676
despond1678
disheartenednessa1680
glumness1727
low1727
gloom1744
low-spiritedness1754
blue devils1756
black dog1776
humdudgeon1785
blue devilism1787
dispiritude1797
wishtnessc1800
downheartedness1801
blue-devilage1816
dispiritment1827
downcastness1827
depressiveness1832
dolorosity1835
lugubriosity1840
disconsolance1847
down1856
heavy-heartedness1860
lugubriousness1879
sullenness1885
low key1886
melancholia1896
burn-out1903
mokus1924
downness1927
mopiness1927
deflation1933
wallow1934
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > [noun] > causing worry > cause of worry
disquietation1526
disquiet1574
distract1624
inquietudes1652
chagrin1656
disquietmenta1658
disquietude1711
kiaugh1786
worry1813
worrit1818
worriment1833
tsuris1901
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Chagrin, cark, melancholy, heaviness, anxiety, anguish of mind; also a disease coming by melancholy.
1656 A. Cowley Pindaric Odes in Wks. (1710) I. 236 There are who all their Patients chagrin have, As if they took each morn worse Potions than they gave.
1677 W. Temple Let. in Wks. (1731) II. 426 His illness..derived, perhaps, from the Fatigue and Chagrin of his Business.
a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 121 For, if he feel no Shagrin, or Remorse, His Forehead's shot-free, and he's ne'er the worse.
1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) iv. 34 Hear me, and touch Belinda with Chagrin; That single Act gives half the World the Spleen.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 181. ⁋7 I hid myself..in the country, that my chagrin might fume away without observation.
a1845 R. H. Barham Wedding-day in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 210 Each Saturday night when devoured by chagrin, he Sits listening to singers.
4.
a. esp. Acute vexation, annoyance, or mortification, arising from disappointment, thwarting, or failure.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > discontent or dissatisfaction > [noun]
unlikinga1398
aggrudging1440
grudge1477
miscontenting1495
murmurheada1500
discontentation?1510
discontentinga1513
miscontentationa1530
miscontentment1535
insatisfaction1568
discontentment1572
discontent1581
malcontentment1587
miscontent1588
discontentedness1589
malcontent1591
malcontentedness1592
repine1593
bad satisfaction1607
dissatisfaction1640
unsatisfactoriness1643
unsatisfiedness1646
uncontentedness1654
disaffection1697
dissatisfiedness1710
chagrin1717
repinement1743
malcontentism1813
soreheadedness1860
uncontent1873
1717 A. Pope Corr. (1956) I. 440 If there be any Circumstance of Chagrin in the occasion..I must..feel a part of it.
1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 474/1 Marius died, with the chagrin of an unfortunate wretch, who had not obtained what he wanted.
1807 Salmagundi 25 Apr. 172 Think of my chagrin at being obliged to decline the host of invitations that daily overwhelm me, merely for want of a pair of breeches!
1876 E. Jenkins Blot on Queen's Head 4 They managed..to..conceal their chagrin if they felt any.
b. in plural. Troubles; vexations.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] > cause of annoyance or vexation
thornc1230
dreicha1275
painc1375
cumbrance1377
diseasec1386
a hair in one's necka1450
molestationc1460
incommodity?a1475
melancholya1475
ensoigne1477
annoyance1502
traik1513
incommode1518
corsie1548
eyesore1548
fashery1558
cross1573
spite1577
corrosive1578
wasp1588
cumber1589
infliction1590
gall1591
distaste1602
plague1604
rub1642
disaccommodation1645
disgust1654
annoyment1659
bogle1663
rubber1699
noyancea1715
chagrins1716
ruffle1718
fasha1796
nuisance1814
vex1815
drag1857
bugbear1880
nark1918
pain in the neck (also arse, bum, etc.)1933
sod1940
chizz1953
1716 A. Pope Corr. 20 Mar. (1956) I. 336 I grieve with the old for so many additional inconveniencies and chagrins more than their small remain of life was to undergo.
1771 N. Nicholls in Let. 15 Aug. in Corr. Gray & N. Nicholls (1843) 148 If I met with any chagrins, I comforted myself that I had a treasure at home.
1824 S. Ferrier Inheritance II. xiv. 159 Mrs. Major had her own petty chagrins.
1887 J. Morley Crit. Misc. III. 154 Whom no vexations, chagrins, nor perversities of fate could daunt from fighting the battle out.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

chagrinadj.

Forms: Also chagreen, shaggarin.
Etymology: < French chagrin (15th cent. in Littré) < chagrin n.: see chagrin n.
Obsolete.
1. Grieved, disquieted, troubled; melancholy.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [adjective]
reigheOE
drofc1000
druvyOE
restlessOE
worya1225
forstraughtc1386
unquertc1390
unsaughtc1390
ill (evil) at easea1400
unrofula1400
unquietc1400
unrestya1413
unquieted?a1425
unrestful?c1425
unpeaceda1475
out of quieta1500
inquiet?1504
uneasya1513
perturbed1538
unquietous?1545
disquieted?1548
astraught1564
astraughted1565
agitate1567
turmoiled1570
disquiet1587
distroubled1590
weltered1590
disturbed1593
twitcheda1594
troublesome1596
stract1598
uncomposed1601
discomposed1603
incomposed1608
uncouth1660
unserene1664
chagrin1665
agitated1684
perturbated1704
disordered1711
perturbate1741
chagrineda1754
nervish1760
uncomfortable1796
funked1831
untranquillized1831
streaked1833
striped1839
discomfortable1844
streaky1848
bothered1851
funked out1859
bebothered1866
disorderly1871
fantod1883
rattled1885
aflap1887
shook1891
dicked-up1967
torqued1967
weirded out1973
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective]
ungladc888
wearyc888
drearyc1000
dreary-moodOE
heavyc1000
unmerryOE
droopy?c1225
mournc1275
sada1300
languishinga1325
amayedc1330
matec1330
unlightc1330
unblissful1340
lowa1382
mishappyc1390
dullc1393
elengely1393
droopinga1400
heavy-hearteda1400
joylessa1400
sytefula1400
mornifc1400
tristy?c1400
lightless?1406
heartlessa1413
tristc1420
amatec1425
languoring?c1425
mirthlessc1430
heavisome1435
darkc1440
gloomingc1440
comfortlessc1460
amateda1470
chermatc1475
tristfula1492
lustless?1507
dolorous1513
ruthful1513
downcast1521
deject1528
heartsicka1529
lumpisha1535
coolc1540
dowlyc1540
glum1547
discouraged1548
uncheerfulc1555
dumpish1560
out of heart1565
sadded1566
amoped1573
tristive1578
desolated1580
dejected1581
à la mort1586
delightless1589
afflicted1590
gladless1590
groanful1590
gloomya1593
muddy1592
sitheful1592
cloudy1594
leaden-hearted1596
disconsolated1598
clum1599
life-weary1599
spiritless1600
dusky1602
chop-fallen1604
flat1604
disanimated1605
jaw-fallen1605
moped1606
chap-fallen1608
decheerful1608
uncheerful1612
lacklustrea1616
pulled1616
dumpya1618
depressed1621
head-hung1632
grum1640
downa1644
dispirited1647
down-at-mouth1649
down in (rarely of) the mouth1649
unhearted1650
sunlessa1658
sadful1658
unlightened1659
chagrin1665
saddened1665
damp1667
moping1674
desponding1688
tristitious1694
unenjoying1697
unraised1697
unheartya1699
unked1698
despondent1699
dismal1705
unjoyful1709
unrejoiced1714
dreara1717
disheartened1720
mumpish1721
unrejoicing1726
downhearted1742
out of spirits1745
chagrineda1754
low-spirited1753
sombrea1767
black-blooded1771
glumpy1780
oorie1787
sombrous1789
morose1791
Novemberish1793
glumpish1800
mopeful1800
die-away1802
blue-devilish1804
blue-devilled1807
malagrugrous1818
down in the hip1826
yonderly1828
sunshineless1831
downfaced1832
broody1851
in a (or the) trough1856
blue-devilly1871
drooped1873
glummy1884
pippy1886
humpy1889
pipped1914
lousy1933
pissed1943
crappy1956
doomy1961
bummed1970
1665 S. Pepys Diary 15 Jan. (1972) VI. 12 How Chagrin the Prince was the other day when he thought he should die.
1666 S. Pepys Diary 6 Aug. (1972) VII. 236 My wife in a chagrin humour, she not being pleased with my kindness to either of them.
1678 Earl of Queensbury Let. in M. Napier Life Dundee II. 58 I know he is very high, and often shaggarin, and angry.
1691 Islington Wells 9 To say they've Melancholly been, Is Bar'brous; no, they are Chagrin.
1718 A. Ramsay Scriblers Lash'd 5 Weak, frantick, Clownish, and Chagreen.
1722 D. Defoe Relig. Courtship i. ii. 42 I grew chagrin and dull.
2. Chagrined; acutely vexed, mortified.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective]
ofgrameda1200
agrameda1300
irk1303
overthoughta1325
aggrievedc1330
annoyedc1330
noyfula1387
teena1400
vexed?c1425
annoyousa1450
angry1485
noyeda1500
irked1513
engrieved1591
exulceratec1592
galled1601
incommodate1622
exulcerated1640
ruffled1659
uncommoded1683
chagrin1706
exacerbated1727
chagrineda1754
vexatious1756
discommoded1773
pipped1797
roiled1818
riled1825
outraged1836
put-out1836
vex1843
niggled1878
narked1888
hacked1892
wired1904
peeved1908
1706 D. Defoe Jure Divino vii. 16 Hell's bauk'd; the shagrin Fiends the Conquest own.
1708 J. Downes Roscius Anglicanus 29 At which the French look'd very Shaggrin.
1711 P. H. Impartial View Two Late Parl. 127 He is not a little chagrin about the Habeas Corpus Act being suspended.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

chagrinv.

/ʃəˈɡriːn//ʃəˈɡrɪn//ˈʃaɡrɪn/
Etymology: < French chagrine-r (16th cent. in Littré), < chagrin n.: see above.
1. transitive. To trouble, vex, worry, grieve. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed by [verb (transitive)] > annoy or vex
gremec893
dretchc900
awhenec1000
teenOE
fretc1290
annoyc1300
atrayc1320
encumberc1330
diseasec1340
grindc1350
distemperc1386
offenda1387
arra1400
avexa1400
derea1400
miscomforta1400
angerc1400
engrievec1400
vex1418
molesta1425
entrouble?1435
destroublea1450
poina1450
rubc1450
to wring (a person) on the mailsc1450
disprofit1483
agrea1492
trouble1515
grig1553
mis-set?1553
nip?1553
grate1555
gripe1559
spitec1563
fike?1572
gall1573
corsie1574
corrosive1581
touch1581
disaccommodate1586
macerate1588
perplex1590
thorn1592
exulcerate1593
plague1595
incommode1598
affret1600
brier1601
to gall or tread on (one's) kibes1603
discommodate1606
incommodate1611
to grate on or upon1631
disincommodate1635
shog1636
ulcerate1647
incommodiate1650
to put (a person) out of his (her, etc.) way1653
discommodiate1654
discommode1657
ruffle1659
regrate1661
disoblige1668
torment1718
pesta1729
chagrin1734
pingle1740
bothera1745
potter1747
wherrit1762
to tweak the nose of1784
to play up1803
tout1808
rasp1810
outrage1818
worrit1818
werrit1825
buggerlug1850
taigle1865
get1867
to give a person the pip1881
to get across ——1888
nark1888
eat1893
to twist the tail1895
dudgeon1906
to tweak the tail of1909
sore1929
to put up1930
wouldn't it rip you!1941
sheg1943
to dick around1944
cheese1946
to pee off1946
to honk off1970
to fuck off1973
to tweak (a person's or thing's) tail1977
to tweak (a person's or thing's) nose1983
to wind up1984
to dick about1996
to-teen-
1734 H. Fielding Intrig. Chambermaid ii. iii. 30 Pray remember the Condition she is in, and don't do any thing to chagrin her.
a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) I. i. 5 Which so chagrined me, that..I waited only an Opportunity of quitting them.
1792 Abp. Moore in Ld. Auckland's Corr. (1861) II. 475 Those west winds chagrin me exceedingly, as they keep me in the dark about George.
1841 R. W. Emerson Self-reliance in Ess. 1st Ser. (London ed.) 55 Every word they say chagrins us, and we know not where to begin to set them right.
2. esp. To vex acutely by disappointing or thwarting; to mortify. (Chiefly passive.)
ΚΠ
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. i. 4 Mr. Anson was extremely chagrined at the losing the command of..so desirable an enterprize.
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 139 The captain..was so chagrined at his disappointment, that he died of grief.
1826 C. Butler Life Grotius xii. 200 The contradictions which he met with chagrined him.
1878 W. Black Green Pastures v. 37 Surprised and chagrined by the coldness of her manner.
3. ? intransitive. To feel trouble or vexation; to ‘trouble’. [= French se chagriner.] rare.In quot. 1728 it may be the adjective.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > be annoyed or vexed [verb (intransitive)]
gramea1225
aruea1230
irkc1330
teena1400
it irks (me)1483
heavec1540
vex1592
chagrin1728
1728 H. Fielding Love in Several Masques v. iii. 63 I wou'd not have your Ladyship chagrin at my Bride's Expression.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2020).
<
n.1656adj.1665v.1728
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