cet-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Etymology: < Latin cētus, Greek κῆτος whale.

Used to form names of a series of chemical substances derived from spermaceti, i.e. sperma ceti whale's sperm. The chief are

cetane n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːteɪn/

U.S.

/ˈsiˌteɪn/

the paraffin of the hexdecyl or cetyl series, C₁₆H₃₄, a colourless liquid; so cetane number, a measure of the ignition value of a diesel fuel oil.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid > properties of

cetane number1871

octane1931

octane number1931

knock rating1932

startability1933

octane rating1936

1871 H. Watts Dict. Chem. 1st Supp. 421 Cetane or Cetyl hydride is one of the constituents of American petroleum.

1884 Athenæum 699/1 Cetane (boiling at 278°).

1959 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 640/2 Ignition quality is defined by ‘cetane number’, i.e. the percentage of cetane in a blend with α-methylnaphthalene which gives the same delay period, under standardized test conditions, as that given by the fuel in question.

cetene n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtiːn/

U.S.

/ˈsiˌtin/

the olefine of the same series (C₁₆H₃₂), formerly called cetylene, a colourless oily liquid.

ΚΠ

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 322 This new substance has been distinguished by Dumas and Peligot by the name of cetene. It is a colourless oily liquid, which stains paper.

1935 Proc. Amer. Soc. Testing Materials 35 342 More reliable results may be possible when using cetane rather than cetene. For this reason, this classification substitutes the cetane number, which is determined and expressed in the same manner as the cetene number, namely, as the percentage of cetane in a blend of cetane and alphamethylnaphthalene.

cetic adj.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtɪk/

U.S.

/ˈsidɪk/

of the whale, or of spermaceti: applied to what was supposed to be a peculiar acid resulting from the saponification of cetin, but which has been ascertained to be only a mixture of margaric acid and cetin.

ΚΠ

1818 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 8) II. i. xxii. 330 Chevreul separated..a substance, which he terms cetic acid. It is a white solid, fusible at nearly the same point as spermaceti.

1836 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 39 310 One of three acids, either the oleïc, margaritic, or cetic; the first being contained in oils, the second in animal fats, the third in spermaceti.

cetin n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtɪn/

U.S.

/ˈsitn/

improperly cetine, a white crystalline fatty substance (C₃₂H₆₄O) forming the essential part of spermaceti, and used in the manufacture of candles.

ΚΠ

1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 234/1 It deposits the purified spermaceti in white crystalline scales, and in this state, Chevreul terms it Cetine.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 724 It has nearly the feel of cetin.

1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 794 Nearly pure cetin obtained, mixed with oil, from the head of the sperm whale.

cetine n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtʌɪn/

U.S.

/ˈsiˌtaɪn/

the ethine or acetylene member of the cetyl series (C₁₆H₃₀) also called hexdecine, and formerly cetenylene, a colourless liquid lighter than water.

cetyl n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtɪl/

U.S.

/ˈsid(ə)l/

the hydrocarbon radical (C₁₆H₃₃), assumed to exist in cetic acid, and the other members of the cetyl, or cetylic series: among these are cetyl alcohol, a white crystalline substance (C₁₆H₃₃·OH), also called cetylic alcohol, ethal n.; cetyl hydride = cetane; cetyl-salt any salt of cetyl, as cetyl-acetate, cetyl-palmitate.

ΚΠ

1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Introd. Atomic Theory (ed. 2) vii. 229 Spermaceti is a compound of cetylic acid with the oxide of cetyle.

1868 J. F. Royle & F. W. Headland Man. Materia Med. (ed. 5) 750 Ethal is also called Cetylic Alcohol, for it seems to be the hydrated oxide of a radical called cetyle.

1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 632 Cetyl alcohol, or ethal, is a white crystalline mass, which melts at about 50°.

cetylamine n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtᵻləmiːn/

/ˈsiːtᵻləmɪn/

U.S.

/ˈsidl̩əˌmin/

/ˌsidlˈæˌmin/

(see quot.).

ΚΠ

1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 843 Cetylamines, bases formed by the substitution of cetyl in place of hydrogen in a molecule of ammonia.

cetylate n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtᵻleɪt/

U.S.

/ˈsidlˌeɪt/

a compound of cetyl with a base, as potassium cetylate.

ΚΠ

1880 Athenæum 27 Nov. 713/1 The authors..have thus prepared aluminic methylate..cetylate, etc.

cetylene n.

Brit.

/ˈsiːtᵻliːn/

U.S.

/ˈsidlˌin/

= cetene n.

ΚΠ

1864 H. Spencer Princ. Biol. I. 6 Cetylene is a liquid which boils at 527°.

cetylic adj.

Brit.

/sᵻˈtɪlɪk/

U.S.

/səˈtɪlɪk/

of cetyl, as in cetylic alcohol, cetylic acid = cetic adj. acid.

ΚΠ

c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 97/2 A fatty acid (cetylic), which fuses at 131°.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	cet-
释义	cet-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Etymology: < Latin cētus, Greek κῆτος whale. Used to form names of a series of chemical substances derived from spermaceti, i.e. sperma ceti whale's sperm. The chief are cetane n. Brit. /ˈsiːteɪn/ , U.S. /ˈsiˌteɪn/ the paraffin of the hexdecyl or cetyl series, C₁₆H₃₄, a colourless liquid; so cetane number, a measure of the ignition value of a diesel fuel oil. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid > properties of cetane number1871 octane1931 octane number1931 knock rating1932 startability1933 octane rating1936 1871 H. Watts Dict. Chem. 1st Supp. 421 Cetane or Cetyl hydride is one of the constituents of American petroleum. 1884 Athenæum 699/1 Cetane (boiling at 278°). 1959 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 640/2 Ignition quality is defined by ‘cetane number’, i.e. the percentage of cetane in a blend with α-methylnaphthalene which gives the same delay period, under standardized test conditions, as that given by the fuel in question. cetene n. Brit. /ˈsiːtiːn/ , U.S. /ˈsiˌtin/ the olefine of the same series (C₁₆H₃₂), formerly called cetylene, a colourless oily liquid. ΚΠ 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 322 This new substance has been distinguished by Dumas and Peligot by the name of cetene. It is a colourless oily liquid, which stains paper. 1935 Proc. Amer. Soc. Testing Materials 35 342 More reliable results may be possible when using cetane rather than cetene. For this reason, this classification substitutes the cetane number, which is determined and expressed in the same manner as the cetene number, namely, as the percentage of cetane in a blend of cetane and alphamethylnaphthalene. cetic adj. Brit. /ˈsiːtɪk/ , U.S. /ˈsidɪk/ of the whale, or of spermaceti: applied to what was supposed to be a peculiar acid resulting from the saponification of cetin, but which has been ascertained to be only a mixture of margaric acid and cetin. ΚΠ 1818 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 8) II. i. xxii. 330 Chevreul separated..a substance, which he terms cetic acid. It is a white solid, fusible at nearly the same point as spermaceti. 1836 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 39 310 One of three acids, either the oleïc, margaritic, or cetic; the first being contained in oils, the second in animal fats, the third in spermaceti. cetin n. Brit. /ˈsiːtɪn/ , U.S. /ˈsitn/ improperly cetine, a white crystalline fatty substance (C₃₂H₆₄O) forming the essential part of spermaceti, and used in the manufacture of candles. ΚΠ 1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 234/1 It deposits the purified spermaceti in white crystalline scales, and in this state, Chevreul terms it Cetine. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 724 It has nearly the feel of cetin. 1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 794 Nearly pure cetin obtained, mixed with oil, from the head of the sperm whale. cetine n. Brit. /ˈsiːtʌɪn/ , U.S. /ˈsiˌtaɪn/ the ethine or acetylene member of the cetyl series (C₁₆H₃₀) also called hexdecine, and formerly cetenylene, a colourless liquid lighter than water. cetyl n. Brit. /ˈsiːtɪl/ , U.S. /ˈsid(ə)l/ the hydrocarbon radical (C₁₆H₃₃), assumed to exist in cetic acid, and the other members of the cetyl, or cetylic series: among these are cetyl alcohol, a white crystalline substance (C₁₆H₃₃·OH), also called cetylic alcohol, ethal n.; cetyl hydride = cetane; cetyl-salt any salt of cetyl, as cetyl-acetate, cetyl-palmitate. ΚΠ 1850 C. G. B. Daubeny Introd. Atomic Theory (ed. 2) vii. 229 Spermaceti is a compound of cetylic acid with the oxide of cetyle. 1868 J. F. Royle & F. W. Headland Man. Materia Med. (ed. 5) 750 Ethal is also called Cetylic Alcohol, for it seems to be the hydrated oxide of a radical called cetyle. 1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 632 Cetyl alcohol, or ethal, is a white crystalline mass, which melts at about 50°. cetylamine n. Brit. /ˈsiːtᵻləmiːn/ , /ˈsiːtᵻləmɪn/ , U.S. /ˈsidl̩əˌmin/ , /ˌsidlˈæˌmin/ (see quot.). ΚΠ 1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 843 Cetylamines, bases formed by the substitution of cetyl in place of hydrogen in a molecule of ammonia. cetylate n. Brit. /ˈsiːtᵻleɪt/ , U.S. /ˈsidlˌeɪt/ a compound of cetyl with a base, as potassium cetylate. ΚΠ 1880 Athenæum 27 Nov. 713/1 The authors..have thus prepared aluminic methylate..cetylate, etc. cetylene n. Brit. /ˈsiːtᵻliːn/ , U.S. /ˈsidlˌin/ = cetene n. ΚΠ 1864 H. Spencer Princ. Biol. I. 6 Cetylene is a liquid which boils at 527°. cetylic adj. Brit. /sᵻˈtɪlɪk/ , U.S. /səˈtɪlɪk/ of cetyl, as in cetylic alcohol, cetylic acid = cetic adj. acid. ΚΠ c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 97/2 A fatty acid (cetylic), which fuses at 131°. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < comb. form1818
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