† chardcharden.¹

Obsolete.

An intermediate form between card n.² and chart n., in the sense of ‘card, map, chart’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun]

mapa1527

carda1532

card of the sea1555

chard?a1560

chart?a1560

draught1580

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > chart

shipman's card1530

carda1532

chard?a1560

sea-card?a1560

mariner's card1594

seaman card1636

chart1696

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > chart

shipman's card1530

carda1532

card of the sea1555

chard?a1560

sea-card?a1560

mariner's card1594

seaman card1636

sea-chart1669

chart1696

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) iii. x. sig. R iij Now ye must set the three diameters..vpon some charde, paper, or other playn.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 1 A chard of the seauen sundry Kingdomes into the whiche this Realme was sometime diuided.

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. ii. 2/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Diuiding the latest and best chards [1577 Cardes] each way into two equall parts.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxiv. 846/1 Throgmorton..had plotted a chard of the hauens and harbours of England.

1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 108 A Pilot without his Chard.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

chardn.²

Brit.

/tʃɑːd/, U.S.

/tʃɑrd/

Forms:

α. 1600s–1700s card, 1600s–1700s carde.

β. 1600s– chard.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French carde.

Etymology: < Middle French, French carde cardoon having leaves with edible ribs (1st half of the 16th cent.), edible midrib of a cardoon or artichoke (end of the 16th cent.), edible midrib of a beet leaf (2nd half of the 17th cent.; compare carde de poirée beet chard (17th cent.)) < Old Occitan cardo thistle or cardoon (see carduus n. and compare cardoon n.).The β. forms apparently show remodelling within English after either β. forms at cardoon n. or Middle French, French chardon thistle (see cardoon n.).

1. More fully beet chard (now rare).

a. Originally: the thick midrib of the leaf of certain varieties of beet, used as a vegetable (now somewhat rare). In later use also (as a mass noun) : the whole leaves of similar varieties of beet used as a vegetable; a dish prepared from the midribs or whole leaves of such beets. Also with distinguishing word (frequently with reference to the colour of the midribs of the leaves).Swiss chard, rhubarb chard: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > beet or beetroot > chard-beet or chard

chard1653

Swiss chard1832

silver beet1882

1653 I. D. G. tr. F. P. de la Varenne French Cook 208 (heading) Cardes of beetes [Fr. cardes de poirée].

1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 205 If you would have them abound in fair Cards [Fr. Cardes], you must keep them well hou'd, Weeded, and watred.

1733 S. Harrison House-keeper's Pocket-bk. 66 Add to it some Apples slic'd small, some Spinage or beet Cards slic'd.

1817 Edinb. Encycl. (1830) XI. 265/1 In this way the chards may be had till the approach of the following summer.

1941 A. L. Simon Conc. Encycl. Gastron. III. 32/1 These different names are given to a variety of Beets, cultivated for their Chards, or mid-ribs instead of their roots.

1990 New Age Jrnl. Apr. 28/2 Use any combination of kale, mustard, collard, dandelion, escarole, chard, or spinach.

2014 Scottish Daily Mail 17 May 44/3 This Waitrose salad has baby watercress.., baby chard and baby red cos.

b. Any variety of beet grown as a source of chards or (in later use) whole leaves; a plant of such a variety; such plants collectively. Also with distinguishing word (frequently with reference to the colour of the midribs of the leaves).These beets are now usually included in the groups Cicla and Flavescens of Beta vulgaris subspecies vulgaris.Also called leaf beet, spinach beet.Swiss chard, rhubarb chard: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > beet > chard-beet or chard

chard1664

chard beet1699

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 62 in Sylva Transplant the Beet-chard which you sow'd in August, to have most ample Chards.

1706 G. London & H. Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. ii. xv. 193 We likewise plant Beet Cardes and Cabbages.

1882 Amer. Garden Oct. 147/3 But since..its nasty, white little grubs feeding upon the leaves, have put an end to Beet Greens, I cannot but advise the planting of Chards.

1918 H. C. Thompson Home Gardening in South (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 31 Chard, or Swiss Chard, is a beet which is grown for its foliage instead of its root.

2001 C. A. Wright Mediterranean Veg. 320/2 Aristotle mentions a red-stalked beet chard around 350 B.C.

2014 BBC Gardeners' World (Special Subscriber ed.) Oct. 100/2 Rocket, lettuce, chard and spinach will crop through winter, to name but a few.

2. The thick midrib of the leaf of an artichoke plant, used as a vegetable. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > artichokes > parts of

chard1653

hay1877

1653 I. D. G. tr. F. P. de la Varenne French Cook 209 (heading) Cardes of hartichocks [Fr. cardes d'artichaux].

1704 tr. A. de Ovalle Of Kingdom of Chile in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. III. 34/1 They pare it like a Lettice, or Artichoke Card.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 372 The Chard of Artichokes, or the tender central leaf-stalk blanched.

1987 Reader's Digest Encycl. Garden Plants & Flowers (ed. 4) 309/1 The young leaf shoots [of the globe artichoke], known as chards, are also edible.

Compounds

† chard beet n. (also chards beet) Obsolete a variety of beet grown as a source of chards or (in later use) whole leaves; a plant of such a variety; = sense 1b.

ΚΠ

1699 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 2) II. iv. ii. 188 Chards-Beet..that in the Middle have a large, white and thick downy, Cotton-like main-Shoot, and that Cotton-like Shoot is the true Chard used in Pottages.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Beet The Swiss or Chard Beet.

1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 658 Culture of both the leaf beet and the chard beet as in the red beet.

1919 Garden Mag. Feb. 11/1 (advt.) The New Rainbow Chard Beet has all the rainbow colors in its foliage.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	chard
释义	† chardcharden.¹ Obsolete. An intermediate form between card n.² and chart n., in the sense of ‘card, map, chart’. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] mapa1527 carda1532 card of the sea1555 chard?a1560 chart?a1560 draught1580 the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > chart shipman's card1530 carda1532 chard?a1560 sea-card?a1560 mariner's card1594 seaman card1636 chart1696 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > chart shipman's card1530 carda1532 card of the sea1555 chard?a1560 sea-card?a1560 mariner's card1594 seaman card1636 sea-chart1669 chart1696 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) iii. x. sig. R iij Now ye must set the three diameters..vpon some charde, paper, or other playn. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 1 A chard of the seauen sundry Kingdomes into the whiche this Realme was sometime diuided. 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. ii. 2/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Diuiding the latest and best chards [1577 Cardes] each way into two equall parts. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxiv. 846/1 Throgmorton..had plotted a chard of the hauens and harbours of England. 1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 108 A Pilot without his Chard. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2021). chardn.² Brit. /tʃɑːd/, U.S. /tʃɑrd/ Forms: α. 1600s–1700s card, 1600s–1700s carde. β. 1600s– chard. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French carde. Etymology: < Middle French, French carde cardoon having leaves with edible ribs (1st half of the 16th cent.), edible midrib of a cardoon or artichoke (end of the 16th cent.), edible midrib of a beet leaf (2nd half of the 17th cent.; compare carde de poirée beet chard (17th cent.)) < Old Occitan cardo thistle or cardoon (see carduus n. and compare cardoon n.).The β. forms apparently show remodelling within English after either β. forms at cardoon n. or Middle French, French chardon thistle (see cardoon n.). 1. More fully beet chard (now rare). a. Originally: the thick midrib of the leaf of certain varieties of beet, used as a vegetable (now somewhat rare). In later use also (as a mass noun) : the whole leaves of similar varieties of beet used as a vegetable; a dish prepared from the midribs or whole leaves of such beets. Also with distinguishing word (frequently with reference to the colour of the midribs of the leaves).Swiss chard, rhubarb chard: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > beet or beetroot > chard-beet or chard chard1653 Swiss chard1832 silver beet1882 1653 I. D. G. tr. F. P. de la Varenne French Cook 208 (heading) Cardes of beetes [Fr. cardes de poirée]. 1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 205 If you would have them abound in fair Cards [Fr. Cardes], you must keep them well hou'd, Weeded, and watred. 1733 S. Harrison House-keeper's Pocket-bk. 66 Add to it some Apples slic'd small, some Spinage or beet Cards slic'd. 1817 Edinb. Encycl. (1830) XI. 265/1 In this way the chards may be had till the approach of the following summer. 1941 A. L. Simon Conc. Encycl. Gastron. III. 32/1 These different names are given to a variety of Beets, cultivated for their Chards, or mid-ribs instead of their roots. 1990 New Age Jrnl. Apr. 28/2 Use any combination of kale, mustard, collard, dandelion, escarole, chard, or spinach. 2014 Scottish Daily Mail 17 May 44/3 This Waitrose salad has baby watercress.., baby chard and baby red cos. b. Any variety of beet grown as a source of chards or (in later use) whole leaves; a plant of such a variety; such plants collectively. Also with distinguishing word (frequently with reference to the colour of the midribs of the leaves).These beets are now usually included in the groups Cicla and Flavescens of Beta vulgaris subspecies vulgaris.Also called leaf beet, spinach beet.Swiss chard, rhubarb chard: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > beet > chard-beet or chard chard1664 chard beet1699 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 62 in Sylva Transplant the Beet-chard which you sow'd in August, to have most ample Chards. 1706 G. London & H. Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. ii. xv. 193 We likewise plant Beet Cardes and Cabbages. 1882 Amer. Garden Oct. 147/3 But since..its nasty, white little grubs feeding upon the leaves, have put an end to Beet Greens, I cannot but advise the planting of Chards. 1918 H. C. Thompson Home Gardening in South (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 31 Chard, or Swiss Chard, is a beet which is grown for its foliage instead of its root. 2001 C. A. Wright Mediterranean Veg. 320/2 Aristotle mentions a red-stalked beet chard around 350 B.C. 2014 BBC Gardeners' World (Special Subscriber ed.) Oct. 100/2 Rocket, lettuce, chard and spinach will crop through winter, to name but a few. 2. The thick midrib of the leaf of an artichoke plant, used as a vegetable. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > artichokes > parts of chard1653 hay1877 1653 I. D. G. tr. F. P. de la Varenne French Cook 209 (heading) Cardes of hartichocks [Fr. cardes d'artichaux]. 1704 tr. A. de Ovalle Of Kingdom of Chile in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. III. 34/1 They pare it like a Lettice, or Artichoke Card. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 372 The Chard of Artichokes, or the tender central leaf-stalk blanched. 1987 Reader's Digest Encycl. Garden Plants & Flowers (ed. 4) 309/1 The young leaf shoots [of the globe artichoke], known as chards, are also edible. Compounds † chard beet n. (also chards beet) Obsolete a variety of beet grown as a source of chards or (in later use) whole leaves; a plant of such a variety; = sense 1b. ΚΠ 1699 G. London & H. Wise J. de la Quintinie's Compl. Gard'ner (ed. 2) II. iv. ii. 188 Chards-Beet..that in the Middle have a large, white and thick downy, Cotton-like main-Shoot, and that Cotton-like Shoot is the true Chard used in Pottages. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Beet The Swiss or Chard Beet. 1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 658 Culture of both the leaf beet and the chard beet as in the red beet. 1919 Garden Mag. Feb. 11/1 (advt.) The New Rainbow Chard Beet has all the rainbow colors in its foliage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹?a1560n.²1653
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† chardcharden.1

chardn.2

Compounds

† chardcharden.¹

chardn.²