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单词 alkylate
释义

alkylaten.

Brit. /ˈalkᵻleɪt/, U.S. /ˈælkəˌleɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: alkyl n., -ate suffix1.
Etymology: < alkyl n. + -ate suffix1. Compare earlier alkylate v., alkylated adj., and alkylation n.
Chemistry.
Originally: = alkoxide n. (now rare). In later use: a substance produced by alkylation, esp. of petroleum (cf. alkylation n.).
ΚΠ
1897 U.S. Patent 584,388 1/1 The addition of alkali and a solvent, as alcohol. The alkali can be used as alkali-alkylate, e.g., sodium-alkylate.
1923 Science 29 June 753/1 The ready transformation of aldehydes into esters under the influence of traces of aluminum alkylates.
1942 Fortune Nov. 205/1 Most aviation gas comes from selected crudes run through the normal ‘straight-run’ process used for auto gas and then dosed heavily with alkylates and lead.
1958 New Scientist 8 May 23/1 There are alkylation processes at Stanley in Cheshire, and at Shellhaven, the latter for making those alkylates used in detergents.
1989 Hydrocarbon Processing Nov. 96/2 The production of high-octane motor fuel alkylate.
2002 Hydrocarbon Processing (Nexis) 1 Nov. 86 Alkylate has ideal gasoline properties such as: high research and motor octane numbers, low Reid vapor pressure (Rvp), and no aromatics, olefins or sulfur.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

alkylatev.

Brit. /ˈalkᵻleɪt/, U.S. /ˈælkəˌleɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: alkyl n., -ate suffix3.
Etymology: < alkyl n. + -ate suffix3. Compare alkylated adj. Compare also slightly earlier alkylation n.
Chemistry.
transitive. To introduce an alkyl group into (a compound or molecule). Also intransitive.
ΚΠ
1888 U.S. Patent 381,471 1/1 New bluish-red coloring-matters..which distinguish themselves from the dye-stuffs of the naphthylamine sulpho acids not alkylated.
1905 Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 19 72 Aniline is alkylated by ethyl chlorsulfonate.
1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xiv. 313 Completely methylated derivatives of the monosaccharoses are obtained by taking the mono-methyl ethers..and alkylating with methyl sulphate and sodium hydroxide.
1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xii. 548 As expected from their relative stabilities, secondary alkyl cations alkylate alkanes more readily than tertiary alkyl cations.
2000 W. Cabri & R. Di Fabio From Bench to Market iii. 49 The azetidinone ring is alkylated by an α orientated 1-hydroxyethyl group at the c-6 position.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1897v.1888
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