centnern.

Brit.

/ˈsɛntnə/, U.S.

/ˈsɛntnər/

Inflections: Plural centners, (rare) unchanged.

Forms: Middle English centener, Middle English sentener, 1500s–1600s sentenar, 1600s centiner, 1600s– centner; also Scottish pre-1700 centenar, pre-1700 sentenare, pre-1700 sentere, pre-1700 sentiner, pre-1700 sentniar (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 sentnier (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 sentren, pre-1700 sentrene.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German centner.

Etymology: < early modern German centener, centner (German Centner , (now usually) Zentner ) weight of a hundred pounds (already in Old High German as zentenāri and in Middle High German as zentenære ; forms with elision of the medial e are attested from 15th cent.), miniature unit of weight used in assaying metals (first half of the 16th cent. or earlier) < classical Latin centēnārium weight of a hundred pounds (see centenary n.). Compare Middle Low German centhenēr.In sense 2 originally after early modern German centen (1629 in the passage translated in quot. 1683, or earlier, in this sense), specific sense development of centen weight of a hundred pounds (Middle High German zenten ; German (now regional: Bavaria, Austria) Zenten , masculine noun; < classical Latin centum hundred: see centum n.²); in later use after German †Centner in its specific use in metallurgy (see above). In assay centner, docimastic centner after German †Probiercentner (first half of the 16th cent. or earlier as †probircentner ; now Probierzentner ). In the unchanged English plural form (compare quot. 1901 at sense 1a) after the German plural form.

a. Any of various units of weight equal to approximately one hundred pounds, esp. such units used in Germany and the Baltic Sea region. Cf. hundredweight n. Now historical.A centner was measured with a combination of weights, each weighing a number of pounds equal to a power of two, that would total approximately 100 lb. For example, a centner measured using weights of 64 lb, 32 lb, and 16 lb would weigh 112 lb. See quot. 1622.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units in Germany, Austria, etc.

centnera1399

sentrell1615

loth1638

a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 7 (MED) Glas, un centener, qt.

a1500 Tracts Eng. Weights & Meas. 18 in Camden Misc. (1929) XV (MED) The rule in Sprouse land is that whosomeeuer by any merchaundyse there, suche as is bought by weyghtes, is by the Schyppe pownd or weyghtes conteynyd in it, that is to say, iij Senteners make a schipe li, and that is, Ynglond, ijc dim. large.

1542 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1908) VIII. 152 Four score aucht pece of plat coppir weyand fyftye centenaris, price of ilk centenar saxtene merkis Spruce.

1615 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 263 Entered the said schip Conteining the goods and geir following..To wit..2 sentenar lead... 5 sentenare of lead [etc.].

1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo i. iv. 30 Take weights of augmentation double, namely 1 ll, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64... The double augmentation is more commodious for Germanie and England where the Centener of 112 ll is vsed.

1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals i. iii. 109 The Centner of Metallurgists contains one hundred common Pounds; whereas that of the Assayers contains only one real Drachm.

1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea II. xxix. 180 Weight in Dantzig... 120 [Pounds]..1 centner.

1860 Glasgow Herald 31 Aug. 6/2 The Fürstenberg works use about 10,000 centners of cast iron..and produce yearly from 80,000 to 100,000 centners of raw iron.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 756 The Zollverein Centner contains 110·231 English lbs. avoirdupois.

1901 Times 31 Oct. 5/1 The Berliner Tageblatt states that the Imperial mail steamer Herzog has arrived at Hamburg with 6,000 centner of saltpetre.

2011 R. A. Johnston All Things Medieval 734 One medieval European weight was the centner, which was approximately 100 pounds. The centner's weight varied, though.

†b. A name proposed for a British unit of weight equal to one hundred pounds. See cental n. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1841 Rep. Commissioners Restoration Standards Weight & Meas. 13 in Parl. Papers 1842 (H.C. 356) XXV. 263 That the name centner, or some other to be fixed by Act of Parliament, be recognized as describing the weight of one hundred pounds, without the necessity of further definition.

1862 Rep. Select Comm. Weights & Meas. 7/2 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 411) VII. 187 They also recommend, do they not, that the name ‘centner’ may be recognised as describing the weight of 100 pounds, that term being now practically in use in Liverpool?

2. Metallurgy. A unit of weight used in assaying metals, typically ranging between three and five grams. Also more fully assay (or docimastic) centner and variants. Now historical.Systems of weight used by assayers employed the same nomenclature as common systems of weight, but on a scale suitable for an assaying sample.

ΚΠ

1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker i. xxvii. 69 in Fleta Minor i File the Iron very small (which you do intend to assay) weigh of it half a Centner, and add to it a Centner of yellow Brimstone.

1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 505 He tells us that from a Centner of Vitriolated Mercury only 44 [grains] of Running Mercury can be had.

1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. II. 557 The German assayers and mineralogists have also the Docimastic Centner, which has generally the actual weight of one quentchen (equal to 56.34 grains Troy) but is subdivided into 100 docimastic pounds.

1865 W. A. Goodyear tr. T. Bodemann & B. Kerl Treat. Assaying 11 The absolute weight of the assay centner [Ger. Probiercentner] is generally taken equal to one quentchen of the civil weight = 3.654 grammes.

1974 Isis 65 393/2 The old assay centner or hundredweight was usually between 3 and 5 grams, about 1,000 times the smallest weight that the balances could detect.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	centner
释义	centnern. Brit. /ˈsɛntnə/, U.S. /ˈsɛntnər/ Inflections: Plural centners, (rare) unchanged. Forms: Middle English centener, Middle English sentener, 1500s–1600s sentenar, 1600s centiner, 1600s– centner; also Scottish pre-1700 centenar, pre-1700 sentenare, pre-1700 sentere, pre-1700 sentiner, pre-1700 sentniar (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 sentnier (perhaps transmission error), pre-1700 sentren, pre-1700 sentrene. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German centner. Etymology: < early modern German centener, centner (German Centner , (now usually) Zentner ) weight of a hundred pounds (already in Old High German as zentenāri and in Middle High German as zentenære ; forms with elision of the medial e are attested from 15th cent.), miniature unit of weight used in assaying metals (first half of the 16th cent. or earlier) < classical Latin centēnārium weight of a hundred pounds (see centenary n.). Compare Middle Low German centhenēr.In sense 2 originally after early modern German centen (1629 in the passage translated in quot. 1683, or earlier, in this sense), specific sense development of centen weight of a hundred pounds (Middle High German zenten ; German (now regional: Bavaria, Austria) Zenten , masculine noun; < classical Latin centum hundred: see centum n.²); in later use after German †Centner in its specific use in metallurgy (see above). In assay centner, docimastic centner after German †Probiercentner (first half of the 16th cent. or earlier as †probircentner ; now Probierzentner ). In the unchanged English plural form (compare quot. 1901 at sense 1a) after the German plural form. 1. a. Any of various units of weight equal to approximately one hundred pounds, esp. such units used in Germany and the Baltic Sea region. Cf. hundredweight n. Now historical.A centner was measured with a combination of weights, each weighing a number of pounds equal to a power of two, that would total approximately 100 lb. For example, a centner measured using weights of 64 lb, 32 lb, and 16 lb would weigh 112 lb. See quot. 1622. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units in Germany, Austria, etc. centnera1399 sentrell1615 loth1638 a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 7 (MED) Glas, un centener, qt. a1500 Tracts Eng. Weights & Meas. 18 in Camden Misc. (1929) XV (MED) The rule in Sprouse land is that whosomeeuer by any merchaundyse there, suche as is bought by weyghtes, is by the Schyppe pownd or weyghtes conteynyd in it, that is to say, iij Senteners make a schipe li, and that is, Ynglond, ijc dim. large. 1542 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1908) VIII. 152 Four score aucht pece of plat coppir weyand fyftye centenaris, price of ilk centenar saxtene merkis Spruce. 1615 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 263 Entered the said schip Conteining the goods and geir following..To wit..2 sentenar lead... 5 sentenare of lead [etc.]. 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo i. iv. 30 Take weights of augmentation double, namely 1 ll, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64... The double augmentation is more commodious for Germanie and England where the Centener of 112 ll is vsed. 1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals i. iii. 109 The Centner of Metallurgists contains one hundred common Pounds; whereas that of the Assayers contains only one real Drachm. 1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea II. xxix. 180 Weight in Dantzig... 120 [Pounds]..1 centner. 1860 Glasgow Herald 31 Aug. 6/2 The Fürstenberg works use about 10,000 centners of cast iron..and produce yearly from 80,000 to 100,000 centners of raw iron. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 756 The Zollverein Centner contains 110·231 English lbs. avoirdupois. 1901 Times 31 Oct. 5/1 The Berliner Tageblatt states that the Imperial mail steamer Herzog has arrived at Hamburg with 6,000 centner of saltpetre. 2011 R. A. Johnston All Things Medieval 734 One medieval European weight was the centner, which was approximately 100 pounds. The centner's weight varied, though. †b. A name proposed for a British unit of weight equal to one hundred pounds. See cental n. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1841 Rep. Commissioners Restoration Standards Weight & Meas. 13 in Parl. Papers 1842 (H.C. 356) XXV. 263 That the name centner, or some other to be fixed by Act of Parliament, be recognized as describing the weight of one hundred pounds, without the necessity of further definition. 1862 Rep. Select Comm. Weights & Meas. 7/2 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 411) VII. 187 They also recommend, do they not, that the name ‘centner’ may be recognised as describing the weight of 100 pounds, that term being now practically in use in Liverpool? 2. Metallurgy. A unit of weight used in assaying metals, typically ranging between three and five grams. Also more fully assay (or docimastic) centner and variants. Now historical.Systems of weight used by assayers employed the same nomenclature as common systems of weight, but on a scale suitable for an assaying sample. ΚΠ 1683 J. Pettus tr. L. Ercker i. xxvii. 69 in Fleta Minor i File the Iron very small (which you do intend to assay) weigh of it half a Centner, and add to it a Centner of yellow Brimstone. 1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 505 He tells us that from a Centner of Vitriolated Mercury only 44 [grains] of Running Mercury can be had. 1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. II. 557 The German assayers and mineralogists have also the Docimastic Centner, which has generally the actual weight of one quentchen (equal to 56.34 grains Troy) but is subdivided into 100 docimastic pounds. 1865 W. A. Goodyear tr. T. Bodemann & B. Kerl Treat. Assaying 11 The absolute weight of the assay centner [Ger. Probiercentner] is generally taken equal to one quentchen of the civil weight = 3.654 grammes. 1974 Isis 65 393/2 The old assay centner or hundredweight was usually between 3 and 5 grams, about 1,000 times the smallest weight that the balances could detect. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a1399
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