casematen.

Brit.

/ˈkeɪsmeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈkeɪsˌmeɪt/

Forms: 1500s cassymate, 1500s cazamate, 1500s–1600s casamat, 1500s–1600s casamate, 1500s–1600s casemat, 1500s–1600s cazemate, 1500s– casemate, 1600s casamatt, 1600s casemat, 1600s cassamat, 1600s cassamate, 1600s cazamatt, 1600s cazemat, 1600s cazimate, 1600s chasemate.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Spanish casamata; French casemate; Italian casamatta.

Etymology: Partly < (i) Spanish casamata (1536), partly < (ii) Middle French casemate, casmate, casmatte (1559; 1546 in Rabelais as chasmate, probably reflecting association with ancient Greek χάσμα chasm n.; French casemate ), and partly < their etymon (iii) Italian casamatta fortified (usually) masonry chamber, often built within a fortress wall or projecting from it (a1520), apparently < casa house (see case n.²) + a second element of uncertain and disputed origin: see further discussion in M. Cortelazzo & P. Zolli Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana (ed. 2, 1999) at casamatta. Compare German Kasematte (end of the 16th cent. as †casemate).Senses 1b, 1c, and 3 show semantic developments within English. In sense 2 by association with casement n. 1.

a. Fortification. A fortified chamber, often built within a fortress wall or projecting from it, provided with embrasures for defence; such a chamber used as a magazine, barracks, prison, etc. In later use frequently: a free-standing concrete structure used to house heavy guns.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loopholed gallery or bomb-proof vault

casement1751

casemate1839

1550 R. Bowes in J. C. Hodgson Hist. Northumberland: Pt. III (1828) II. 201 There might be bulwarks or casamats made without the wall to flank the north and east side of the..inner ward.

c1550 Inventory Henry VIII in Archaeologia (1982) 107 190/1 The bulworkes and Braies about the Castell' and first thupper story of the Cassymate.

1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 160 As curtaines or bulwarkes with their casamates do flancke a fortresse.

c1600 J. Dymmok Treat. Ireland (1842) 38 Their correspondency hindered by the cassamates in the ditch.

1648 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Contin. Civill Warres France xii. 1063 Raising new Forts, and making new Casamats.

1703 A. Boyer Hist. King William III III. 68 The French had made a detach'd Bastion, on the Ascent of the Hill before St. Nicholas Gate, all of Stone-Work, with a Casemate upon it Bomb-proof.

1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. App. 138 The fort has good casemates.

1839 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. xi. 210 Casemates or vaulted batteries are made bomb proof, and the embrazures are cut through the revetment.

1876 W. J. J. Spry Cruise Her Majesty's Ship ‘Challenger’ i. 19 Galleries hewn in the solid rock, forming a kind of casemate.

1914 E. Goldman tr. M. Baginski in Mother Earth May 86 Transferred to the dreaded Schlüsselburg casemates, he was subsequently doomed to lifelong exile in Siberia.

1931 E. Sutton tr. W. Eidlitz Zodiak xi. 285 Searchlights glared malignantly out of the casemates into the sky.

1976 A. Miller Inside Outside v. 59 The men lived in the casemates which were very long and narrow.

1995 Holiday Which? Mar. 78/1 Another casemate at Marckolsheim has been turned into a memorial museum to the Maginot Line.

b. An opening through which missiles may be discharged; an embrasure. Somewhat rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > battlements > embrasure

kernel?c1225

cornelc1300

carnelc1320

cornerc1400

vent1429

loop1477

crenel1481

gun-hole1532

spike1577

cannonery1598

spike-hole1598

casemate1611

porthole1637

skitegate1677

embrasure1702

crenelet1860

port1946

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Targette, a kind of snacket, or haspe, wherewith casemates, &c., are closed.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Case-Mate, (Fr. chasmate) a loop-hole in a fortified wall to shoot out at.

1877 H. James in Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Oct. 439/1 In the drawing-room wall is a queer funnel-shaped hole, with the broad end inward, like a small casemate.

1967 Amer. Hist. Rev. 72 428 Each bastion was connected to the main fortress by a short neck, or flanker, with lateral openings or casemates.

c. Nautical. On a warship: a fixed armoured structure attached to the hull, with embrasures or ports for cannons. Now historical.Casemates were originally used on ironclad warships during the Civil War in the United States. They were eventually abandoned after the First World War (1914–18) and instead guns were mounted in turrets or had armour mounted on them.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun turret > [noun] > on ship

casemate1865

1865 Times 5 Aug. 12/1 Her [sc. USS Dunderberg's] armament will consist of four 15-inch Rodman and 14 11-inch Dahlgren guns, mounted in a bomb-proof casemate on deck.

1888 Engineering 17 Feb. 159/2 Italian Ironclad ‘Italia’... The barbettes are contained in an armoured casemate, which is supported by the unarmoured structure of the ship.

1899 Daily News 21 July 10/4 Twelve out of the sixteen 6-inch guns are in casemates, a term borrowed, I fancy, from the land gunner. It is a neat little apartment, containing one gun, with the hoist from the magazine into it, and all complete.

1942 C. Lloyd Short Hist. Royal Navy viii. 75 There was a heavy sea running which prevented the Good Hope and Monmouth from opening their lower casemates.

1980 J. C. Reilly & R. L. Scheina Amer. Battleships, 1886–1923 p. vi Though a cage mast has been added and her main-deck casemates have been plated in.., the Oregon is basically the same ship that fought at Santiago.

2012 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 11 Mar. b3 Down in the heavy ironclad casemate of the Virginia, conditions were the same.

†2. Architecture. = casement n. 1a. Obsolete.Apparently only recorded in dictionaries.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > concave moulding

casementc1425

cove1511

scotia1563

trochilus1563

casemate1611

cavetto1700

throat1722

hollow1726

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Nasselle,..a hollow in a piller, etc., called, a Casemate.

1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ I. (at cited word) A casemate [the arched part of a pillar], Sima.

1810 C. James New Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) sig.7T2/1 Casemate, in building is a hollow moulding, which some architects make one-sixth of a circle and others one-fourth.

†3. Perhaps: the propulsion or transmission of hail or rain. Obsolete. rare.The context is the Spirits' knowledge of the elements. R. Nares Gloss. (1822) suggests ‘batteries for throwing hail and rain’.

ΚΠ

1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells vii. 441 Of Thunder, Tempest, Meteors, Lightning, Snow, Chasemates, Trajections, of Haile, Raine.

Derivatives

ˈcasemated adj. provided with casemates; (also) strongly fortified.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [adjective]

stithc1000

strongOE

fastenedOE

warneda1300

strengtheda1382

unpregnable1387

embattledc1400

enbanedc1400

warrayable14..

impregnable1430

inexpugnable1490

strengthy1513

bulwarkeda1533

unexpugnable1533

fortified1538

well-fortified1538

unwinnablec1540

forced1548

forted1566

unbatterable1576

fencible?1579

unforcible1611

impregnate1632

untakable1652

of (good) force1697

casemated1740

well-girt1756

embattled1765

strongish1821

unbreachable1866

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [adjective] > having casemates

casemated1740

1740 Polit. State Great Brit. May 433 The Rampart 20 Feet high, case-mated underneath for Lodgings, arched over, and newly made Bomb-Proof.

1851 Orders & Regulations Royal Engineers (rev. ed.) iv. 18 Casemated Barracks, and Hospitals.

1870 Daily News 5 Oct. 3/1 A perpendicular rock, like Gibraltar, 200 feet high, casemated, and nearly impregnable.

1993 Archit. Rev. Jan. 68 Its curtain walls had been massively reinforced with casemated brick bastions.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	casemate
释义	casematen. Brit. /ˈkeɪsmeɪt/, U.S. /ˈkeɪsˌmeɪt/ Forms: 1500s cassymate, 1500s cazamate, 1500s–1600s casamat, 1500s–1600s casamate, 1500s–1600s casemat, 1500s–1600s cazemate, 1500s– casemate, 1600s casamatt, 1600s casemat, 1600s cassamat, 1600s cassamate, 1600s cazamatt, 1600s cazemat, 1600s cazimate, 1600s chasemate. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Spanish casamata; French casemate; Italian casamatta. Etymology: Partly < (i) Spanish casamata (1536), partly < (ii) Middle French casemate, casmate, casmatte (1559; 1546 in Rabelais as chasmate, probably reflecting association with ancient Greek χάσμα chasm n.; French casemate ), and partly < their etymon (iii) Italian casamatta fortified (usually) masonry chamber, often built within a fortress wall or projecting from it (a1520), apparently < casa house (see case n.²) + a second element of uncertain and disputed origin: see further discussion in M. Cortelazzo & P. Zolli Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana (ed. 2, 1999) at casamatta. Compare German Kasematte (end of the 16th cent. as †casemate).Senses 1b, 1c, and 3 show semantic developments within English. In sense 2 by association with casement n. 1. 1. a. Fortification. A fortified chamber, often built within a fortress wall or projecting from it, provided with embrasures for defence; such a chamber used as a magazine, barracks, prison, etc. In later use frequently: a free-standing concrete structure used to house heavy guns. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loopholed gallery or bomb-proof vault casement1751 casemate1839 1550 R. Bowes in J. C. Hodgson Hist. Northumberland: Pt. III (1828) II. 201 There might be bulwarks or casamats made without the wall to flank the north and east side of the..inner ward. c1550 Inventory Henry VIII in Archaeologia (1982) 107 190/1 The bulworkes and Braies about the Castell' and first thupper story of the Cassymate. 1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 160 As curtaines or bulwarkes with their casamates do flancke a fortresse. c1600 J. Dymmok Treat. Ireland (1842) 38 Their correspondency hindered by the cassamates in the ditch. 1648 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Contin. Civill Warres France xii. 1063 Raising new Forts, and making new Casamats. 1703 A. Boyer Hist. King William III III. 68 The French had made a detach'd Bastion, on the Ascent of the Hill before St. Nicholas Gate, all of Stone-Work, with a Casemate upon it Bomb-proof. 1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. App. 138 The fort has good casemates. 1839 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. xi. 210 Casemates or vaulted batteries are made bomb proof, and the embrazures are cut through the revetment. 1876 W. J. J. Spry Cruise Her Majesty's Ship ‘Challenger’ i. 19 Galleries hewn in the solid rock, forming a kind of casemate. 1914 E. Goldman tr. M. Baginski in Mother Earth May 86 Transferred to the dreaded Schlüsselburg casemates, he was subsequently doomed to lifelong exile in Siberia. 1931 E. Sutton tr. W. Eidlitz Zodiak xi. 285 Searchlights glared malignantly out of the casemates into the sky. 1976 A. Miller Inside Outside v. 59 The men lived in the casemates which were very long and narrow. 1995 Holiday Which? Mar. 78/1 Another casemate at Marckolsheim has been turned into a memorial museum to the Maginot Line. b. An opening through which missiles may be discharged; an embrasure. Somewhat rare. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > battlements > embrasure kernel?c1225 cornelc1300 carnelc1320 cornerc1400 vent1429 loop1477 crenel1481 gun-hole1532 spike1577 cannonery1598 spike-hole1598 casemate1611 porthole1637 skitegate1677 embrasure1702 crenelet1860 port1946 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Targette, a kind of snacket, or haspe, wherewith casemates, &c., are closed. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Case-Mate, (Fr. chasmate) a loop-hole in a fortified wall to shoot out at. 1877 H. James in Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Oct. 439/1 In the drawing-room wall is a queer funnel-shaped hole, with the broad end inward, like a small casemate. 1967 Amer. Hist. Rev. 72 428 Each bastion was connected to the main fortress by a short neck, or flanker, with lateral openings or casemates. c. Nautical. On a warship: a fixed armoured structure attached to the hull, with embrasures or ports for cannons. Now historical.Casemates were originally used on ironclad warships during the Civil War in the United States. They were eventually abandoned after the First World War (1914–18) and instead guns were mounted in turrets or had armour mounted on them. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > gun turret > [noun] > on ship casemate1865 1865 Times 5 Aug. 12/1 Her [sc. USS Dunderberg's] armament will consist of four 15-inch Rodman and 14 11-inch Dahlgren guns, mounted in a bomb-proof casemate on deck. 1888 Engineering 17 Feb. 159/2 Italian Ironclad ‘Italia’... The barbettes are contained in an armoured casemate, which is supported by the unarmoured structure of the ship. 1899 Daily News 21 July 10/4 Twelve out of the sixteen 6-inch guns are in casemates, a term borrowed, I fancy, from the land gunner. It is a neat little apartment, containing one gun, with the hoist from the magazine into it, and all complete. 1942 C. Lloyd Short Hist. Royal Navy viii. 75 There was a heavy sea running which prevented the Good Hope and Monmouth from opening their lower casemates. 1980 J. C. Reilly & R. L. Scheina Amer. Battleships, 1886–1923 p. vi Though a cage mast has been added and her main-deck casemates have been plated in.., the Oregon is basically the same ship that fought at Santiago. 2012 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 11 Mar. b3 Down in the heavy ironclad casemate of the Virginia, conditions were the same. †2. Architecture. = casement n. 1a. Obsolete.Apparently only recorded in dictionaries. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > concave moulding casementc1425 cove1511 scotia1563 trochilus1563 casemate1611 cavetto1700 throat1722 hollow1726 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Nasselle,..a hollow in a piller, etc., called, a Casemate. 1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ I. (at cited word) A casemate [the arched part of a pillar], Sima. 1810 C. James New Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) sig.7T2/1 Casemate, in building is a hollow moulding, which some architects make one-sixth of a circle and others one-fourth. †3. Perhaps: the propulsion or transmission of hail or rain. Obsolete. rare.The context is the Spirits' knowledge of the elements. R. Nares Gloss. (1822) suggests ‘batteries for throwing hail and rain’. ΚΠ 1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells vii. 441 Of Thunder, Tempest, Meteors, Lightning, Snow, Chasemates, Trajections, of Haile, Raine. Derivatives ˈcasemated adj. provided with casemates; (also) strongly fortified. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > [adjective] stithc1000 strongOE fastenedOE warneda1300 strengtheda1382 unpregnable1387 embattledc1400 enbanedc1400 warrayable14.. impregnable1430 inexpugnable1490 strengthy1513 bulwarkeda1533 unexpugnable1533 fortified1538 well-fortified1538 unwinnablec1540 forced1548 forted1566 unbatterable1576 fencible?1579 unforcible1611 impregnate1632 untakable1652 of (good) force1697 casemated1740 well-girt1756 embattled1765 strongish1821 unbreachable1866 society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [adjective] > having casemates casemated1740 1740 Polit. State Great Brit. May 433 The Rampart 20 Feet high, case-mated underneath for Lodgings, arched over, and newly made Bomb-Proof. 1851 Orders & Regulations Royal Engineers (rev. ed.) iv. 18 Casemated Barracks, and Hospitals. 1870 Daily News 5 Oct. 3/1 A perpendicular rock, like Gibraltar, 200 feet high, casemated, and nearly impregnable. 1993 Archit. Rev. Jan. 68 Its curtain walls had been massively reinforced with casemated brick bastions. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1550
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