catapultn.

Brit.

/ˈkatəpʌlt/,

/ˈkatəpʊlt/, U.S.

/ˈkædəpəlt/,

/ˈkædəˌpʊlt/

Forms: 1500s catapelt, catapulte, 1500s– catapulta (only in sense 1), 1600s– catapult.

Etymology: < French catapulte or Latin catapulta, < Greek καταπέλτης catapult, probably < κατά against + πάλλειν to hurl, cast, poise (a missile).

1. An ancient military engine for discharging darts, stones, or other missiles; the motive power being obtained by a strong lever working on an axis, which was tightly strained with twisted ropes and suddenly released.The ballista and catapulta were originally distinct, the former being used for throwing stones, etc., and the latter for darts; but afterwards the names were used synonymously.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > catapult

manubalista1460

catapult1577

siege engine1763

slingshot1849

shanghai1863

nigger-shooter1876

catty1893

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > ballista

ballistaeOE

ginc1325

mangonelc1325

springalc1330

ballistc1384

scorpionc1384

tormentc1384

trebuchet1388

fowler1420

dondainec1430

onagera1460

perrier1481

trabuch?1482

bricole1489

coillard1489

mouton1489

sambuca1489

martinet1523

racket1535

sling1535

brake1552

catapult1577

sweep1598

sling-dart1600

petrary1610

espringal1614

scorpion-bowa1629

swafe1688

sackbut1756

mangona1773

matafunda1773

lombard1838

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Evagrius Scholasticus v. x, in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. 495 The great holow catapelts, which shoote the dartes from aloft, commonly called brakes or slings.

1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 41 The Ramme..farr different in forme from the magonell or catapulte.

1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 239 When a Catapult was first seene at Lacedemon, Archidamus exclaimed: O Hercules, now manhood is come to an end.

1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 277 Catapulta's and battering rams.

1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. xxiv. 131 May my brains be knock'd out with a..catapulta.

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 533 The catapults Drove there their dreadful darts.

1829 W. Irving Chron. Conq. Granada (1850) 338 The mangled body of the Moor was..thrown into the City from a catapult.

1850 ‘Bat’ Cricketer's Man. (rev. ed.) 49 By the application of the Catapulta to peaceful purposes, the batting has been..improved.

1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 392 The Matrons cut off their long hair and twisted it into ropes for the catapults.

2. An instrument consisting of a forked stick with an elastic band fastened to the two prongs, used to shoot small stones, bullets, peas, etc.

ΚΠ

1870 ‘A. R. Hope’ My Schoolboy Friends (1875) 227 The holes seem to have been made by a catapult.

1887 Manch. Guard. 7 May 9 He..shot the bird with a catapult.

1889 N.E.D. at Catapult Mod. The police have orders to seize all catapults.

a. A mechanical contrivance by which aircraft are launched at a high speed; also attributive. So catapult launching, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > airfield or airport > [noun] > catapult launcher

navy catapult1914

catapult1927

1927 Daily Express 12 Dec. 11/4 Béarn, new aircraft carrier, will carry forty airplanes to be launched by a compressed air catapult at forty-seven miles per hour after a run of sixty-five feet along the deck.

1928 Times 28 Aug. 12/6 Catapult Air Mail.

1929 Air Ann. Brit. Empire 56 Catapult launching which has been successfully developed and can be used from ships.

1934 Flight 15 Feb. 148/1 For use as a catapult ship on the South Atlantic route.

1940 E. C. Shepherd Britain's Air Power 11 The aeroplane is set on the catapult carriage while its engine is started and run up.

1941 W. S. Churchill Secret Session Speeches (1946) 39 A number of special vessels carrying catapult Hurricane aircraft are employed on patrolling duties.

1959 Times 28 Apr. 11/7 Eagle..equipped to take the new generation of aircraft, made possible by the installation of steam catapults.

b. catapult fruit (see quot.)

ΚΠ

1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Catapult Fruit, those fruits dispersing seeds or fruit segments by the elasticity of their peduncles.

Derivatives

cataˈpultic adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [adjective] > catapult

catapultic1831

1831 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 29 306 Balls are showered upon them..from a hundred catapultic arms.

1859 A. Helps Friends in Council New Ser. I. ii. 146 Flinging the ball with catapultic force.

catapulˈtier n. one who works a catapult (cf. fusilier n., etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one who manages engines of war > catapult

catapultier1861

1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth II. xx. 316 The besiegers..sent forward their sappers, pioneers, catapultiers, and crossbowmen.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

catapultv.

Etymology: < catapult n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcatapult.

a. transitive. To hurl as from a catapult. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > project through space > as from a catapult

catapult1848

1848 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 63 499 The throne itself was catapulted into the square.

1880 Daily Tel. 17 Feb. Lovely creatures are catapulted into the air and fall down into a net.

1929 C. C. Martindale Risen Sun 202 Like a fresh breeze, thus to get the pure truth catapulted at you!

1944 E. Blunden Cricket Country iv. 56 The second ball which T. catapulted down, swung out.

1959 Times 13 Jan. 9/6 Modern technology is catapulting some aspects of Asian life into the twentieth century.

b. To shoot or shoot at with a catapult.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > assail with missiles [verb (transitive)] > cast (missiles) by sling > shoot with sling or catapult

slinga1225

catapult1883

tweak1898

1883 D. Pryde Highways of Lit. ii. 30 He [a boy] catapults sparrows.

c. To discharge a catapult.

d. To discharge by means of a catapult contrivance. Cf. catapult n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (transitive)] > discharge (aircraft) by means of catapult

catapult1912

1912 Sci. Amer. 14 Dec. 512 (heading) Catapulting a Hydro-aeroplane from a Fighting Ship.

1928 Daily Express 29 Aug. 8/2 The Post Office has just announced that for a special fee it will accept British letters and postcards for the United States on the understanding that before arriving in New York they are to be catapulted from the ship by seaplane.

1928 Scotsman 30 Aug. 9/6 The aeroplane will be catapulted into the air on approaching the American coast.

1931 Air Ann. Brit. Empire 318 The machine is a tractor biplane..capable of being catapulted from the deck.

1959 Daily Tel. 23 Feb. 11/6 The rocket-powered North American X-15..will be catapulted from a B-36 bomber at 35–40,000 ft. and..may reach a height of 300 miles and a speed of 4,000 m.p.h.

e. intransitive. To fling oneself as though hurled by a catapult.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and suddenly

windc897

shootc1000

smite?c1225

flatc1300

lash13..

girda1400

shock?a1400

spara1400

spritc1400

whipc1440

skrim1487

glance1489

spang1513

whip1540

squirt1570

flirt1582

fly1590

sprunt1601

flame1633

darta1640

strike1639

jump1720

skite1721

scoot1758

jink1789

arrow1827

twitch1836

skive1854

sprint1899

skyhoot1901

catapult1928

slingshot1969

book1977

1928 Daily Express 10 Apr. 5/2 Langley catapulted into the room and drove his axe through the window.

1962 ‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed xx. 148 I catapulted to my feet.

Derivatives

ˈcatapulting n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > [noun] > using sling or catapult

slinginga1400

catapulting1881

1881 Chequered Career 5 The lead..we saved for catapulting, an amusement only indulged in by lower boys.

1938 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 42 864 The German catapulting ships stationed in mid-ocean and forming seaplane stations.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	catapult
释义	catapultn. Brit. /ˈkatəpʌlt/, /ˈkatəpʊlt/, U.S. /ˈkædəpəlt/, /ˈkædəˌpʊlt/ Forms: 1500s catapelt, catapulte, 1500s– catapulta (only in sense 1), 1600s– catapult. Etymology: < French catapulte or Latin catapulta, < Greek καταπέλτης catapult, probably < κατά against + πάλλειν to hurl, cast, poise (a missile). 1. An ancient military engine for discharging darts, stones, or other missiles; the motive power being obtained by a strong lever working on an axis, which was tightly strained with twisted ropes and suddenly released.The ballista and catapulta were originally distinct, the former being used for throwing stones, etc., and the latter for darts; but afterwards the names were used synonymously. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > catapult manubalista1460 catapult1577 siege engine1763 slingshot1849 shanghai1863 nigger-shooter1876 catty1893 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > ballista ballistaeOE ginc1325 mangonelc1325 springalc1330 ballistc1384 scorpionc1384 tormentc1384 trebuchet1388 fowler1420 dondainec1430 onagera1460 perrier1481 trabuch?1482 bricole1489 coillard1489 mouton1489 sambuca1489 martinet1523 racket1535 sling1535 brake1552 catapult1577 sweep1598 sling-dart1600 petrary1610 espringal1614 scorpion-bowa1629 swafe1688 sackbut1756 mangona1773 matafunda1773 lombard1838 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Evagrius Scholasticus v. x, in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. 495 The great holow catapelts, which shoote the dartes from aloft, commonly called brakes or slings. 1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 41 The Ramme..farr different in forme from the magonell or catapulte. 1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 239 When a Catapult was first seene at Lacedemon, Archidamus exclaimed: O Hercules, now manhood is come to an end. 1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 277 Catapulta's and battering rams. 1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. xxiv. 131 May my brains be knock'd out with a..catapulta. 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 533 The catapults Drove there their dreadful darts. 1829 W. Irving Chron. Conq. Granada (1850) 338 The mangled body of the Moor was..thrown into the City from a catapult. 1850 ‘Bat’ Cricketer's Man. (rev. ed.) 49 By the application of the Catapulta to peaceful purposes, the batting has been..improved. 1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 392 The Matrons cut off their long hair and twisted it into ropes for the catapults. 2. An instrument consisting of a forked stick with an elastic band fastened to the two prongs, used to shoot small stones, bullets, peas, etc. ΚΠ 1870 ‘A. R. Hope’ My Schoolboy Friends (1875) 227 The holes seem to have been made by a catapult. 1887 Manch. Guard. 7 May 9 He..shot the bird with a catapult. 1889 N.E.D. at Catapult Mod. The police have orders to seize all catapults. 3. a. A mechanical contrivance by which aircraft are launched at a high speed; also attributive. So catapult launching, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > airfield or airport > [noun] > catapult launcher navy catapult1914 catapult1927 1927 Daily Express 12 Dec. 11/4 Béarn, new aircraft carrier, will carry forty airplanes to be launched by a compressed air catapult at forty-seven miles per hour after a run of sixty-five feet along the deck. 1928 Times 28 Aug. 12/6 Catapult Air Mail. 1929 Air Ann. Brit. Empire 56 Catapult launching which has been successfully developed and can be used from ships. 1934 Flight 15 Feb. 148/1 For use as a catapult ship on the South Atlantic route. 1940 E. C. Shepherd Britain's Air Power 11 The aeroplane is set on the catapult carriage while its engine is started and run up. 1941 W. S. Churchill Secret Session Speeches (1946) 39 A number of special vessels carrying catapult Hurricane aircraft are employed on patrolling duties. 1959 Times 28 Apr. 11/7 Eagle..equipped to take the new generation of aircraft, made possible by the installation of steam catapults. b. catapult fruit (see quot.) ΚΠ 1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Catapult Fruit, those fruits dispersing seeds or fruit segments by the elasticity of their peduncles. Derivatives cataˈpultic adj. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [adjective] > catapult catapultic1831 1831 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 29 306 Balls are showered upon them..from a hundred catapultic arms. 1859 A. Helps Friends in Council New Ser. I. ii. 146 Flinging the ball with catapultic force. catapulˈtier n. one who works a catapult (cf. fusilier n., etc.). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one who manages engines of war > catapult catapultier1861 1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth II. xx. 316 The besiegers..sent forward their sappers, pioneers, catapultiers, and crossbowmen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2021). catapultv. Etymology: < catapult n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈcatapult. a. transitive. To hurl as from a catapult. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > project through space > as from a catapult catapult1848 1848 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 63 499 The throne itself was catapulted into the square. 1880 Daily Tel. 17 Feb. Lovely creatures are catapulted into the air and fall down into a net. 1929 C. C. Martindale Risen Sun 202 Like a fresh breeze, thus to get the pure truth catapulted at you! 1944 E. Blunden Cricket Country iv. 56 The second ball which T. catapulted down, swung out. 1959 Times 13 Jan. 9/6 Modern technology is catapulting some aspects of Asian life into the twentieth century. b. To shoot or shoot at with a catapult. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > assail with missiles [verb (transitive)] > cast (missiles) by sling > shoot with sling or catapult slinga1225 catapult1883 tweak1898 1883 D. Pryde Highways of Lit. ii. 30 He [a boy] catapults sparrows. c. To discharge a catapult. d. To discharge by means of a catapult contrivance. Cf. catapult n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (transitive)] > discharge (aircraft) by means of catapult catapult1912 1912 Sci. Amer. 14 Dec. 512 (heading) Catapulting a Hydro-aeroplane from a Fighting Ship. 1928 Daily Express 29 Aug. 8/2 The Post Office has just announced that for a special fee it will accept British letters and postcards for the United States on the understanding that before arriving in New York they are to be catapulted from the ship by seaplane. 1928 Scotsman 30 Aug. 9/6 The aeroplane will be catapulted into the air on approaching the American coast. 1931 Air Ann. Brit. Empire 318 The machine is a tractor biplane..capable of being catapulted from the deck. 1959 Daily Tel. 23 Feb. 11/6 The rocket-powered North American X-15..will be catapulted from a B-36 bomber at 35–40,000 ft. and..may reach a height of 300 miles and a speed of 4,000 m.p.h. e. intransitive. To fling oneself as though hurled by a catapult. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and suddenly windc897 shootc1000 smite?c1225 flatc1300 lash13.. girda1400 shock?a1400 spara1400 spritc1400 whipc1440 skrim1487 glance1489 spang1513 whip1540 squirt1570 flirt1582 fly1590 sprunt1601 flame1633 darta1640 strike1639 jump1720 skite1721 scoot1758 jink1789 arrow1827 twitch1836 skive1854 sprint1899 skyhoot1901 catapult1928 slingshot1969 book1977 1928 Daily Express 10 Apr. 5/2 Langley catapulted into the room and drove his axe through the window. 1962 ‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed xx. 148 I catapulted to my feet. Derivatives ˈcatapulting n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > [noun] > using sling or catapult slinginga1400 catapulting1881 1881 Chequered Career 5 The lead..we saved for catapulting, an amusement only indulged in by lower boys. 1938 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 42 864 The German catapulting ships stationed in mid-ocean and forming seaplane stations. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < n.1577v.1848
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