akinesian.

Brit.

/ˌeɪkᵻˈniːzɪə/, U.S.

/ˌeɪkᵻˈniziə/,

/ˌeɪkᵻˈniʒə/

Forms: 1700s–1800s acinesia, 1800s– akinesia.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin acinesia; Greek ἀκινησία.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin acinesia immobility (1713 or earlier) and its etymon ancient Greek ἀκινησία quiescence < ἀ- a- prefix⁶ + κίνησις motion (see kinesis n.) + -ία -ia suffix¹. Compare anaesthesia n.

Medicine.

1. Absence, loss, or impairment of the power of movement; paralysis or paresis of muscles; (in later use) spec. difficulty in initiating voluntary movement, characteristic of parkinsonism and certain other neurological disorders.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > other convulsive paralysis

akinesia1721

akinesis1841

pharyngoplegy1858

asynergy1860

astasia1861

paramyotonia1886

abasia1888

lathyrism1888

Horner's syndrome1929

tardive dyskinesia1964

1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Acinesia,..the Immobility of the whole Body, or of any part thereof, as in a Palsey, Apoplexy, Swooning, &c.

1839 Lancet 8 June 391/1 Both of them also display both forms of paralysis, viz., anæsthesia, or defect of sensation, and akinesia, or loss of volition.

1878 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 2) iii. vi. §4. 511 Anæsthesia (a loss of sensation) and akinesia (a loss of movement).

1925 Lancet 4 July 9/2 In short, akinesia, or poverty of movement, obviously may arise at one or more of lower, middle, or highest physiological neural levels.

1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xxvi. 699/1 Akinesia is believed by some neurologists to be the cardinal ‘deficit’ symptom of extrapyramidal disease.

1996 O. Sacks Island of Colour-blind ii. 130 He had little tremor or rigidity, but an overwhelming akinesia—an insuperable difficulty in initiating movement.

2004 New Yorker 23 Aug. 65/3 The very vocabulary of parkinsonism is couched in terms of speed. Neurologists have an array of terms to denote this: if movement is slowed, they talked about ‘bradykinesia’; if brought to a halt, ‘akinesia’; if excessively rapid, ‘tachykinesia’.

2. = akinesis n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of heart > [noun] > other heart disorders

regurgitation1683

pneumopericardium1821

concentric hypertrophy1828

hydropericardium1834

stenocardia1842

cardiosclerosis1848

pyopericardium1848

irritable heart1864

pyopneumopericardium1878

tobacco heart1884

akinesis1888

smoker's heart1888

pneumopericarditis1890

cardioptosis1895

soldier's heart1898

diver's palsy1900

cardiomyopathy1901

cigarette heart1908

neurocirculatory asthenia1918

Fallot1922

cor pulmonale1935

Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome1935

fibroelastosis1943

restenosis1954

akinesia1970

stress cardiomyopathy2005

1970 Amer. Heart Jrnl. 80 761/1 Cineangiography showed akinesia of the postero-inferior portion of the left ventricle.

1982 Amer. Jrnl. Cardiol. 49 1932 Late potentials occurred more frequently in patients with than in those without ventricular akinesia or aneurysm.

2007 C. L. Athanasuleas & G. D. Buckberg in L. R. Kaiser et al. Mastery Cardiothoracic Surg. (ed. 2) li. 479/1 This results in akinesia of the infarcted ventricular segment rather than dyskinesia, which is encountered with transmural necrosis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	akinesia
释义	akinesian. Brit. /ˌeɪkᵻˈniːzɪə/, U.S. /ˌeɪkᵻˈniziə/, /ˌeɪkᵻˈniʒə/ Forms: 1700s–1800s acinesia, 1800s– akinesia. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin acinesia; Greek ἀκινησία. Etymology: < post-classical Latin acinesia immobility (1713 or earlier) and its etymon ancient Greek ἀκινησία quiescence < ἀ- a- prefix⁶ + κίνησις motion (see kinesis n.) + -ία -ia suffix¹. Compare anaesthesia n. Medicine. 1. Absence, loss, or impairment of the power of movement; paralysis or paresis of muscles; (in later use) spec. difficulty in initiating voluntary movement, characteristic of parkinsonism and certain other neurological disorders. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > other convulsive paralysis akinesia1721 akinesis1841 pharyngoplegy1858 asynergy1860 astasia1861 paramyotonia1886 abasia1888 lathyrism1888 Horner's syndrome1929 tardive dyskinesia1964 1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Acinesia,..the Immobility of the whole Body, or of any part thereof, as in a Palsey, Apoplexy, Swooning, &c. 1839 Lancet 8 June 391/1 Both of them also display both forms of paralysis, viz., anæsthesia, or defect of sensation, and akinesia, or loss of volition. 1878 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 2) iii. vi. §4. 511 Anæsthesia (a loss of sensation) and akinesia (a loss of movement). 1925 Lancet 4 July 9/2 In short, akinesia, or poverty of movement, obviously may arise at one or more of lower, middle, or highest physiological neural levels. 1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xxvi. 699/1 Akinesia is believed by some neurologists to be the cardinal ‘deficit’ symptom of extrapyramidal disease. 1996 O. Sacks Island of Colour-blind ii. 130 He had little tremor or rigidity, but an overwhelming akinesia—an insuperable difficulty in initiating movement. 2004 New Yorker 23 Aug. 65/3 The very vocabulary of parkinsonism is couched in terms of speed. Neurologists have an array of terms to denote this: if movement is slowed, they talked about ‘bradykinesia’; if brought to a halt, ‘akinesia’; if excessively rapid, ‘tachykinesia’. 2. = akinesis n. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of heart > [noun] > other heart disorders regurgitation1683 pneumopericardium1821 concentric hypertrophy1828 hydropericardium1834 stenocardia1842 cardiosclerosis1848 pyopericardium1848 irritable heart1864 pyopneumopericardium1878 tobacco heart1884 akinesis1888 smoker's heart1888 pneumopericarditis1890 cardioptosis1895 soldier's heart1898 diver's palsy1900 cardiomyopathy1901 cigarette heart1908 neurocirculatory asthenia1918 Fallot1922 cor pulmonale1935 Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome1935 fibroelastosis1943 restenosis1954 akinesia1970 stress cardiomyopathy2005 1970 Amer. Heart Jrnl. 80 761/1 Cineangiography showed akinesia of the postero-inferior portion of the left ventricle. 1982 Amer. Jrnl. Cardiol. 49 1932 Late potentials occurred more frequently in patients with than in those without ventricular akinesia or aneurysm. 2007 C. L. Athanasuleas & G. D. Buckberg in L. R. Kaiser et al. Mastery Cardiothoracic Surg. (ed. 2) li. 479/1 This results in akinesia of the infarcted ventricular segment rather than dyskinesia, which is encountered with transmural necrosis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1721
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