The appointment of suitably qualified and independent judges would no doubt ordinarily meet the requirements for independence and impartiality as seen by any objective observer.

At this fact-gathering stage, the pastor acts as an objective observer, reading people's emotional states, factoring in probable consequences, thinking of alternatives.

However, any objective observer would agree the book has been meticulously researched.

And she found, as many documentarians do, that it was difficult to stay behind the camera and remain an objective observer.

It was important to appreciate that the risk did not depend on appearanc-es or on what an objective observer might think.