| 单词 | not |
| 释义 | not (nɒt ) Not is often shortened to n't in spoken English, and added to the auxiliary or modal verb. For example, 'did not' is often shortened to 'didn't'. 1. adverb A1 You use not with verbs to form negative statements. The sanctions are not working the way they were intended. I was not in Britain at the time. There are many things you won't understand here. I don't trust my father anymore. 2. adverb B1+ You use not to form questions to which you expect the answer 'yes'. Haven't they got enough problems there already? Didn't I see you at the party last week? Don't you just love lying in the sunshine? 3. adverb A1 You use not, usually in the form n't, in questions which imply that someone should have done something, or to express surprise that something is not the case. Why didn't you do it months ago? Why couldn't he listen to her? Hasn't anyone ever kissed you before? Shouldn't you have gone further? Didn't I tell you to put some slippers on? 4. adverb B1 You use not, usually in the form n't, in question tags after a positive statement. 'It's a nice piece of jewellery though, isn't it?' I've been a great husband, haven't I? You will take me tomorrow, won't you? 5. adverb B1 You use not, usually in the form n't, in polite suggestions. [politeness] Actually we do have a position in mind. Why don't you fill out our application? Couldn't they send it by train? 6. adverb A2 You use not to represent the negative of a word, group, or clause that has just been used. 'Have you found Paula?'—'I'm afraid not, Kate.' At first I really didn't care whether he came or not. 7. adverb A1 You can use not in front of 'all' or 'every' when you want to say something that applies only to some members of the group that you are talking about. Not all the money, to put it mildly, has been used wisely. Not every applicant had a degree. 8. adverb A1 If something is not always the case, you mean that sometimes it is the case and sometimes it is not. He didn't always win the arguments, but he often was right. She couldn't always afford a babysitter. The life of an FBI agent wasn't always as glamorous as people thought. 9. adverb B1+ You can use not or not even in front of 'a' or 'one' to emphasize that there is none at all of what is being mentioned. [emphasis] The houses are beautiful, but there's no shop, not even a pub to go into. I sent report after report. But not one word was published. 'Did he have any enemies?'—'Not a one. Not a damn one!' 10. adverb You can use not in front of a word referring to a distance, length of time, or other amount to say that the actual distance, time, or amount is less than the one mentioned. The tug crossed our stern not fifty yards away. ...a large crowd not ten yards away waiting for a bus. They were here not five minutes ago! 11. adverb B1+ You use not when you are contrasting something that is true with something that is untrue. You use this especially to indicate that people might think that the untrue statement is true. They married not because it made economic sense but because they loved one another. Training is an investment not a cost. There came an explosion, not so much a bang as a shaking like an earthquake. 12. not only adverb B2 You use not in expressions such as 'not only', 'not just', and 'not simply' to emphasize that something is true, but it is not the whole truth. [emphasis] These movies were not only making money; they were also perceived to be original. The 1790s were bad times, not just in Scotland but all across England. Hoffman did not simply oppose the system; he used the system against itself. 13. phrase You use not that to introduce a negative clause that contradicts something that the previous statement implies. His death took me a year to get over; not that you're ever really over it. 14. convention B1+ Not at all is an emphatic way of saying 'No' or of agreeing that the answer to a question is 'No'. [emphasis] 'Sorry. I sound like Abby, don't I?'—'No. Not at all.' 'You don't think that you've betrayed your country.'—'No I don't. No, not at all.' 15. convention B2 Not at all is a polite way of acknowledging a person's thanks. [formulae] 'Thank you very much for speaking with us.'—'Not at all.' 16. not half adverb [with neg, ADVERB adjective/adverb, ADVERB noun] Half is sometimes used in negative statements, with a positive meaning, to emphasize a particular fact or quality. For example, if you say 'he isn't half lucky', you mean that he is very lucky. [British, informal, emphasis] You don't half sound confident. I didn't half get into trouble. She eventually decided the acting profession wasn't half bad. 'Presumably this made some impact then.'—'Oh not half.' 17. if not conjunction [with neg] A2 You use if to suggest that something might be slightly different from what you are stating in the main part of the sentence, for example that there might be slightly more or less of a particular quality. Sometimes, that standard is quite difficult, if not impossible, to achieve. I will be ready in a couple of weeks, if not sooner. Many, if not most, scientific papers are presented orally at scientific meetings. What one quality, if any, do you like the most about your partner? Meat was available once a week if at all. 18. not least phrase You can use not least to emphasize a particularly important example or reason. [emphasis] Dieting can be bad for you, not least because it is a cause of stress. Everyone is more reluctant to travel these days, not least the Americans. 19. not to mention phrase B2 You use not to mention when you want to add extra information which emphasizes the point that you are making. [emphasis] The audience, not to mention the bewildered cast, were not amused. It was both deliberate and malicious, not to mention clever. Synonyms: to say nothing of, besides, not counting, as well as 20. nothing if not phrase You use nothing if not in front of an adjective to indicate that someone or something clearly has a lot of the particular quality mentioned. [emphasis] Professor Fish has been nothing if not professional. Hollywood is nothing if not creative, especially if someone else will pick up the bills. 21. not for nothing phrase [PHRASE cl, it v-link PHR that] If you say that it was not for nothing that something happened, you are emphasizing that there was a very good reason for it to happen. [emphasis] Not for nothing was the plane called 'The widow-maker'. It's not for nothing that interior decorators the world over look to the English country garden for glorious inspiration. 22. more often than not phrase If you say that something happens as often as not, or more often than not, you mean that it happens fairly frequently, and that this can be considered as typical of the kind of situation you are talking about. Yet, as often as not, they find themselves the target of persecution rather than praise. Although sometimes I feel like bothering, as often as not I don't. Translations: Chinese: 不 Japanese: ･･･でない |
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