Corporate borrowers are also taking matters into their own hands, trying to get as much credit from banks as possible.

But what seemed like a prudent measure came back to bite, amid concerns that corporate borrowers would be unable to service their debts.

They acted on behalf of investors and corporate borrowers, who took the risk and made the returns or losses.

The watchdog fears lending banks, in their quest for easy fees, are improperly putting pressure on corporate borrowers to use them for equity-raising services.

Then the corporate borrowers fold, with their liabilities strictly limited by law.