| 单词 | contribution |
| 释义 | contribution (kɒntrɪbjuːʃən ) Word forms: contributions 1. countable noun B2 If you make a contribution to something, you do something to help make it successful or to produce it. The study made important contributions to the field of corporate economics. He was awarded a prize for his contribution to world peace. [+ to] 2. countable noun B2 A contribution is a sum of money that you give in order to help pay for something. ...charitable contributions of a half million dollars or more. [+ of] Synonyms: gift, offering, grant, donation 3. countable noun A contribution to a magazine, newspaper, or book is something that you write to be published in it. Collocations: additional contribution If you can make additional contributions, it could boost the fund's value. Times, Sunday Times (2006) Many workplace schemes allow staff to make additional contributions, commonly through their salary. Times, Sunday Times (2013) But the additional contribution from holidaymakers is necessary to stop the system crashing. The Sun (2009) Britain's biggest retailer has contacted many of its large suppliers asking them for cash contributions or lower prices to help the company pass on price cuts to its shoppers. Times, Sunday Times (2008) The company said that it had to find about 5 million as an additional cash contribution to the scheme. Times, Sunday Times (2013) They have not made any cash contributions to the party since February last year. Times, Sunday Times (2009) The government says that this increase should be multiplied by 15 or 20 to work out whether it exceeds the annual contribution limit. Times, Sunday Times Those who breach their reduced annual pension contribution limit will effectively raise their marginal income tax rate to 67.5%. Times, Sunday Times The annual contribution limit remains at $18,000 for 2016, and the catch-up limit remains at $6,000. Christianity Today This would mean that the annual contribution limit would have to be set quite low. Times, Sunday Times All existing flexible drawdown contracts will become flexi-access arrangements, with the 10,000 cap on the annual contribution limit if withdrawals are made. Times, Sunday Times It made a great contribution to development of the city and economic growth at that time. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His contribution to development of a post-graduate course in the university was acclaimed by all. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 She made a significant contribution to development of hair and scalp dermoscopy. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 So it's a crucial contribution, but a short-lived one. Times, Sunday Times If you want a promotion, bonus or salary increase, frame your request in terms of your crucial contribution to your department or team unit. Times, Sunday Times The corporate sector would do well to learn lessons from charities about how to make a crucial contribution to society while at the same time behaving fairly, selflessly and equitably. Times, Sunday Times A small but crucial contribution to the 'war effort'. The Sun A crucial contribution has been made by extensive efforts to promote quiet areas in the ancestral breeding grounds of this shy species. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Under current law, corporations can deduct charitable contributions only up to 10% of taxable income. Christianity Today (2000) Accordingly, the minister was not allowed to deduct the contributions he made to his employer. Christianity Today (2000) National insurance contributions are deducted from your pay automatically. Times, Sunday Times (2006) The first and most obvious effect has been the direct contribution a booming real estate market has had on employment and income. Times, Sunday Times We are also keen to give trainees the chance to make a direct contribution early on. Times, Sunday Times Today all pension providers will be open - and experts predict that as many 400,000 people with direct contribution pensions will enquire in the next few months about withdrawing cash. The Sun In the southeast, you have to be making a direct contribution to the local economy. Times, Sunday Times A direct contribution of this section was to aid the war preparations of the government by designing propaganda and public awareness posters. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He knew he was looking not simply for a craftsman but for an artist capable of making a truly distinctive contribution. Times, Sunday Times The strength of our country lies in the distinctive contribution of each of its elements. Times,Sunday Times His distinctive contribution was to introduce the concept of social rights understood as the welfare rights. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In fact, perhaps their most enduring contribution lies beyond the book itself. The Times Literary Supplement It ran for five years and made one enduring contribution to the vocabulary of the game. Times, Sunday Times The nominees had to be living and had to have made a substantial and enduring contribution. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Finally, his enduring contribution to country music will be his songwriting. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 And the most enduring contributions made to civilization have not been made by brawn, they have been made by brain. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Many of these people settled happily in Britain and made an enormous contribution as successful entrepreneurs, and still do. Times, Sunday Times (2015) The award was a richly deserved recognition of the enormous contribution she had made in her many walks of life. Times, Sunday Times (2012) His writings and theological thinking have made enormous contributions to our common life. Times, Sunday Times (2010) I know from 38 years' professional experience that secret intelligence makes an essential contribution to our ability to survive and prosper in this world. Times, Sunday Times He disappeared soon after, leaving unique works now considered as an essential contribution to his century. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 I therefore believe as well in such essential contributions to these ends as fairness, tolerance, and mutual respect. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Volunteers make essential contributions to school community life. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In 1979, he published the first description of the p53 protein and in the following years made essential contributions that showed the significance of this protein to tumorogenesis. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Yet the popular lore about plumbers can sometimes obscure the extraordinary contribution of highly skilled people in very high-earning occupations. Times, Sunday Times He made extraordinary contribution in the theoretical physics. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 They shall be exempt from all military service, whether by land or by sea; from forced loans; and from every extraordinary contribution not general and by law established. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Honorary doctoral degrees are awarded to people that presented extraordinary contributions in their respective fields. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Cited for his extraordinary contributions in opera and concert, as well as his enormous influence in the music world both on and off the stage. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 We are going to substantially cut our financial contribution. The Sun (2016) Then there is the financial contribution to society to consider. Times, Sunday Times (2016) The legal ownership of the property should also reflect the financial contribution made at the outset and the mortgage payments. Times, Sunday Times (2017) Made a substantial financial contribution to the expedition and supplied many of its scientific instruments. A BOOK OF LANDS AND PEOPLES (2003) He'd made an important financial contribution to their electoral campaign. BLACK EAGLES (1993) He called for the board to consult all shareholders on paying a special dividend of €110 million (95.6 million) and on pension fund contributions. Times, Sunday Times The food manufacturer said future fund contributions would fall by 100 million as it reported a 1.8 per cent fall in underlying sales in the first half. Times, Sunday Times The individual insurance for each site was increased to $300 million while fund contributions per reactor were increased to $95.8 million. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The balance of the properties were enrolled by current or former owners, who donated the deed restrictions to the organization along with endowment fund contributions. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The proof was facilitated by his fundamental contribution to renewal theory. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He made fundamental contributions to the understanding of turbulence, including his insistence on the importance of eddies. Times, Sunday Times He made fundamental contributions to the generative theory of poetic meter and morphosyntax. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He made fundamental contributions to combinatorics, number theory, numerical analysis and probability theory. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The foundation specifically aims at fundamental contributions to research in vision and the brain. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Getting funds together for your plans becomes easier and there could be a generous contribution from a relative you have yet to meet. The Sun He also had a generous contribution from his employer. Times, Sunday Times If an individual earns 500,000 and donates 200,000 to a bona fide charity, the tax on the remaining 300,000 makes a very generous contribution to the chancellor. Times, Sunday Times A commemorative plaque situated outside the college office remembers their generous contribution. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Having urged generous contributions, he returns to the keyboard to begin the second half. Times, Sunday Times It provides a unified voice to highlight the contributions of its institutions to the common good. Christianity Today This work also highlights the contribution that amateur enthusiasts make to science. Times,Sunday Times Affect theory highlights the contributions of emotions in producing group properties. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The program serves to highlight their contributions to business and the community and salutes their ability to overcome obstacles in non-traditional work environments. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 All research activities aim at promoting adult and lifelong learning and at highlighting the contribution of learning to poverty alleviation, sustainable human development, democracy and critical citizenship. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The time has now come to honour his contribution by naming one of the new elements after him. Times, Sunday Times It raises the question of how will we commemorate the passing of these industries, how will we honour the contribution they have made to our national story? Times, Sunday Times The institution's name was eventually changed to honour his contributions. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Pharmaceutical companies make an important contribution to medical research, providing much of the cash for clinical trials of new drugs. Times, Sunday Times (2017) The choice of fabric can make an important contribution to the overall look of a room. Collins Complete Books of Soft Furnishings (1993) They make an important contribution to the intake of vitamin C and potassium. The Sun (2016) The company has recently told workers that they must work longer and pay increased contributions to maintain their retirement benefits. Times, Sunday Times (2006) If you have a personal plan, the company will normally let you increase contributions at no extra cost. Times, Sunday Times (2008) Many employers will match your increased contributions with a higher contribution of their own. Times, Sunday Times (2014) It's a team game, but it is made up of individual contributions. Times, Sunday Times (2006) Twice a year, staff who have made outstanding individual contributions are rewarded with cash prizes. Times, Sunday Times (2007) Bonuses are also awarded for outstanding individual contributions. Times, Sunday Times (2009) They make an invaluable contribution to the national economy, including 60% by value of the nation's food. Times, Sunday Times She paid tribute to his 'invaluable contribution to public safety and national security' during his 33-year career with the security services. The Sun Certainly they make an invaluable contribution to the energy of the show every time they hit a note. The Times Literary Supplement And the steaming water makes an invaluable contribution to soup. Times, Sunday Times Invaluable contribution but failed to clear the ball which ended up providing the equaliser. The Sun It would also make a lasting contribution to science. Smithsonian The awards should be reserved for those who have gone far beyond expectations to make a worthwhile and lasting contribution to the well-being of the community. The Sun Some corals have been 'adopted' by guests and planted by the resort as a lasting contribution to the marine environment. Times, Sunday Times Was he a pioneering social scientist who made a lasting contribution to the study of early human societies? Times, Sunday Times Sanders praises the second section as the most lasting contribution. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In another interview he said that it was the most important invention since the wheel and a major contribution to humanity. Times, Sunday Times (2012) In short, gentlemen, we are making a major contribution to the maintenance of peace in this rathole. NIMITZ CLASS (1997) Judging by the exhibition, it is in the field of covert surveillance that science has made its major contribution. Times, Sunday Times (2007) The presence of probable envenoming was a major contribution to seeking allopathic treatment. 2017, 'Health seeking behavior following snakebites in Sri Lanka: Results of an island wide community based survey.', PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases This is called making a contribution in specie. Times, Sunday Times (2009) He said it briskly but colourlessly, in the same way he might have made a contribution to a crossword puzzle. DEATH OF A NYMPH The income should be contingent on people making a contribution either by paid work or some public endeavour. Times, Sunday Times (2015) It's not even as if your own background qualifies you to make a contribution. FINAL RESORT (2002) Not only do management teams struggle to secure that level of funding, but they also have difficulty finding lenders to match that contribution. Times, Sunday Times The companies will then match the contribution. The Sun Currently employers must match the contribution of work-ers who put a penny of every pound they earn into a pension fund. The Sun The employer will then match that contribution to the retirement plan being offered. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The government matches all contributions in these schemes. Times, Sunday Times Relief will be tapered away when total income exceeds 150,000 and the maximum contribution will progressively reduce to 10,000 for those earning more than 210,000. Times, Sunday Times Then when she got a job with a finance firm, she paid extra into her firm's scheme to get the maximum contribution from her employer. The Sun Last year the maximum contribution was 40,000, while in 2013-14 and 2012-13 it was 50,000. Times, Sunday Times That takes the maximum contribution this year to 180,000 because the annual allowance in 2012-13 and 2013-14 was 50,000. Times, Sunday Times The universal pension allowance, the maximum contribution eligible for tax relief for individuals with low or no income, will stay at 3,600. Times, Sunday Times Any additional cost reduces the chance that wind energy will make a meaningful contribution to electricity supply this century. Times, Sunday Times (2008) This alone will put many people off from making meaningful contributions. Times, Sunday Times (2012) They make a more meaningful contribution to society. Times, Sunday Times (2011) By next year the minimum contribution will have risen to 8%, including 4% from the worker. Times, Sunday Times (2014) The total minimum contribution is 2% of salary. Times, Sunday Times (2014) There needs to be a minimum contribution on the part of the employer. MANAGEMENT: task, responsibilities, practices (1974) Biofuels also make a very modest contribution to global fuel supply. Times, Sunday Times Chambers made a modest contribution with the bat, while not contributing with the ball. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Twin, sibling and other family studies indicate partial heritability for impulsive aggression, but studies of serotonin-related genes have suggested only modest contributions to behavior. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The investor pays a monthly contribution for a fixed period, such as 25 years. Times, Sunday Times (2013) Your planned monthly contribution of £200 is well within this limit. Times, Sunday Times (2011) Agree on monthly contributions to running costs. Times, Sunday Times (2010) To maximize net campaign contributions, then, four fund-raising meetings should be held. Microeconomics: Price Theory in Practice (1995) That is between five and fifteen times the UK's net budget contribution. Times, Sunday Times (2012) Remember, immigrants are making a net contribution to the public purse. Times, Sunday Times (2016) The forward's first notable contribution arrived when he showed fine skill to flick the ball up then produced a volleyed attempt, which clipped the top of the crossbar. Times, Sunday Times She catalogued the entire medal collection of the museum, made a notable contribution to its documentation standards and had a hand in many of its publications. Times, Sunday Times He has done notable contribution in society's and school's progress. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His other notable contribution include his work on quantum state swapping, optimal quantum state estimation and quantum state transfer. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His most notable contribution to the field came from inventing the layered cornea transplantation technique. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The back cover had an endorsement alleging the work to be 'a fascinating and original contribution'. The Times Literary Supplement Nor was it intended to be an original contribution to science. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 For 20 years, his work has constituted an original contribution of major significance in many ways. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His most original contribution to the modern world was his breaking down of complex tasks into simpler ones with the help of specialised tools. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His original contribution to that combination was based on the idea of the interconnectedness of common and universal thoughts of both traditions. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Presumably they too have received honours for their 'outstanding contribution to public service'. Times, Sunday Times Five out of five and the unerring place kicking seemed just the cherry on top of an outstanding contribution. Times, Sunday Times On top of rewards including cash bonuses, the firm holds an annual awards ceremony when employees who make an outstanding contribution are recognised. Times, Sunday Times A panel of six judges will select one winner and five runners-up who, in their opinion, have made the most outstanding contribution to society and good causes. Times, Sunday Times There will be parades of equine stars and trophies for human heroes - among them, a new and potentially stirring award for outstanding contribution to the sport. Times, Sunday Times What matters is the project's overall contribution to the firm's borrowing power. Principles of Corporate Finance (1991) For me, fairness is about the overall contribution we make to the country. Times, Sunday Times (2012) He worked hard as usual and his overall contribution was very good. The Sun (2010) Some schools top up their budgets with tens of thousands of pounds a year through such parental contributions, for which they can claim gift aid. Times, Sunday Times (2014) Our experts recommend The average parental contribution for homebuyers last year was £24, 100, up more than £6, 000 on 2018. Times,Sunday Times (2020) Recently Nationwide limited parental contributions on 90 per cent mortgages, so Mum and Dad can't even save you now. Times,Sunday Times (2020) The self-employed may have to pay higher national insurance contributions, in line with employed people. Times, Sunday Times (2013) The government hoped it would allow 450,000 businesses not to pay any contributions at all. Times, Sunday Times (2015) You do not need to pay further voluntary contributions for this purpose while abroad. Times, Sunday Times (2015) Based on the current rules, a 10,000 pension contribution would be 'grossed up' to 16,667 for a 40% taxpayer, thanks to tax relief. Times, Sunday Times You can get round this by making a pension contribution to bring your chargeable income below 100,000 and so keep your personal allowance. Times, Sunday Times As well as a cash bonus of 2 million and deferred shares worth 3 million, his pension contribution was increased from 400,000 to 585,000. Times, Sunday Times Her pay rose by 5,000 to 148,536, including a 27,096 pension contribution, according to the accounts for 2009. Times, Sunday Times In addition, he will be paid a flat rate in lieu of a pension contribution of 30 per cent of salary or 144,000 a year. Times, Sunday Times From next year, the Treasury expects net trade to make a small positive contribution to growth. Times, Sunday Times (2007) He was really good in the dressing room, he makes a positive contribution. Times, Sunday Times (2014) Everybody really made a positive contribution. Times, Sunday Times (2012) Under the new system, they would receive a contribution of about 135 a month (20% of 673) from the government, or 1,620 a year. Times, Sunday Times Surely we should receive a contribution towards costs (484.50) incurred during our delay? Times, Sunday Times It would certainly be nice to receive a contribution, but, as the sharper ones among them will no doubt point out, you would have had to pay that anyway. Times, Sunday Times Ta may receive a contribution from this -process. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 For employees to receive a contribution from their employer, the employee must contribute a specified percentage into a 401(k) plan. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 From 2006, translated crime fiction was honored with its own award conceived partly to recognize the contribution of the translator in international works. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It's a pleasure to recognize his contribution to the cause of music creators. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Associates were grateful for pastors who recognized their contributions. Christianity Today Finally, every congregation has some kind of reward system that recognizes the contributions of volunteers. Christianity Today The award recognized their contributions to the understandings of the electronic properties of materials. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It also said that it had been forced to suspend some of its executive retirement contributions and that all boardroom pay would be frozen. Times, Sunday Times In some cases a minister's taxable income would be reduced enough to make his or her retirement contributions more than the applicable limits of the plan. Christianity Today A vested employee then becomes eligible to retain all retirement contributions made by an employer. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Sadly, only 36 per cent of attendees make a significant contribution to those meetings, which rarely begin or end on time. Times, Sunday Times (2007) Sadly, it was his most significant contribution to a season hampered by injury and poor form. Times, Sunday Times (2013) Often his most significant contribution is teaching on Sunday mornings. Christianity Today (2000) He solicits contributions for individual politicians, he said, and campaign donations are sometimes sent from donors through him. Globe and Mail Committees were named to solicit contributions and interview applicants to the new colony. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Yet the association continued soliciting contributions and donations. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The council develops restoration plans, approves alterations, and solicits contributions for improvements or furnishings for public areas of the building. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The procession moves toward the graveyard and helpers solicit contributions for the burial making jokes with the attendees. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 For that to happen we need a solid contribution from the consumer. Times, Sunday Times (2006) We expect a solid positive contribution to GDP growth from residential investment in Q3'. Times, Sunday Times (2014) But if, on occasion, he allowed the heart to rule the head, there was never any doubt about his solid contribution to Scottish financial life. Times, Sunday Times (2011) Britain makes a substantial contribution to helping refugees in the region and should be proud of the effort. Times, Sunday Times (2015) For vowel quality processing, our data reveal a substantial contribution of the left intraparietal cortex. 2011, 'Neuro-cognitive foundations of word stress processing - evidence from fMRI', Behavioral and Brain Functions The substance group of the saturated, unbranched aldehydes makes a substantial contribution in this context. 2018, 'The volatilome – investigation of volatile organic metabolites (VOM) as potential tumor markers in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)', Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery This provides a fantastic ranking for the total contribution made in the season. Times, Sunday Times (2010) As with sale and leaseback, you typically invest 20% of your total contribution and borrow the rest. Times, Sunday Times (2006) However, the total contribution must not exceed your earnings in the tax year when you use the carryforward. Times, Sunday Times (2016) Entrepreneurship has made a tremendous contribution, with the support of the private equity industry, to the development of economies across the world. Times, Sunday Times He also made tremendous contributions to the training of talented young mathematicians. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In addition to the tremendous contributions of time, the productions are supported by a budget of over $500,000. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He was awarded the institute's gold medal in recognition of a unique contribution to the science. Times, Sunday Times (2009) Yet it still makes an important and perhaps unique contribution to public service broadcasting. Times, Sunday Times (2011) Family judges have a unique experience of this and therefore a unique contribution to make. Times, Sunday Times (2014) They should follow her example and make a useful contribution to society. Consuelo & Alva: Love and Power in the Gilded Age (2005) The company could make a useful contribution by taking better care of safety and security at its existing refineries. Times, Sunday Times (2006) They have done so without making a single useful contribution to solving the economic crisis they created. The Sun (2010) Workers feel they can make a valuable contribution towards the success of the company. Times, Sunday Times (2008) This was in addition to the valuable contributions of medical supplies, services and cash which were freely granted. The Golden Thread - Asian experiences of post-Raj Britain (1990) His book is a valuable contribution to the conversation. Times, Sunday Times (2016) Almost all countries will value their contribution most. Times,Sunday Times They value the contribution that mature learners make to the student community and run a range of initiatives to encourage and support mature student applicants. Times, Sunday Times We value the contribution trees make to the environment and landscape. Times, Sunday Times Rather, he valued the contributions on the basis of their fair market value on the dates of the contributions. Christianity Today This includes delegating as well as deeply valuing the contribution of others. ST In the second half he made a vital contribution in the build up to England's second goal. The Sun (2010) Taking advantage of new techniques, she made vital contributions to the experiments. Times, Sunday Times (2010) Older workers have a vital contribution to make to our recovery and prosperity. The Sun (2010) They have written to parents asking if they would be prepared to make voluntary contributions as an alternative to cuts. Times, Sunday Times (2015) Both these organisations derive the major portion of their income from voluntary contributions from the public. Times, Sunday Times (2016) You do not need to pay further voluntary contributions for this purpose while abroad. Times, Sunday Times (2015) Translations: Chinese: 贡献 Japanese: 寄付 |
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